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Cybersecurity PDF

This document provides an overview of cyber security and cyber crimes. It defines cyber crimes as illegal activities conducted over the internet like identity theft. It categorizes cyber crimes based on whether the computer is the target or weapon. It also describes common cyber crimes like hacking, phishing, denial of service attacks, and ransomware. Additionally, it outlines the advantages of cyber security like protection from viruses and recommends safety tips.

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Shubendu Dey
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638 views21 pages

Cybersecurity PDF

This document provides an overview of cyber security and cyber crimes. It defines cyber crimes as illegal activities conducted over the internet like identity theft. It categorizes cyber crimes based on whether the computer is the target or weapon. It also describes common cyber crimes like hacking, phishing, denial of service attacks, and ransomware. Additionally, it outlines the advantages of cyber security like protection from viruses and recommends safety tips.

Uploaded by

Shubendu Dey
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Cyber Security

Contents
• Introduction
• Categories of Cyber Crime
• Principles of Computer Security
• Types of Cyber Crime
• Types of Cyber Attack by Percentage
• Cyber Threat Evolution
• Advantages of Cyber Security
• Safety Tips to Cyber Crime
Introduction
• The Internet in India is growing rapidly. There are two sides to a coin. Internet also
has it’s own disadvantages is cyber crime-illegal activity committed on the Internet.

• Crime committed using a computer and the internet to steal a person’s identity or
illegal imports or malicious programs. Cyber crime is an activity done using
computers and the internet.

• Cyber security refers to the technologies and processes designed to protect computers,
networks and data from unauthorized access and attacks delivered via the internet by
cyber criminals. Though, cyber security is important for the network, data and
application security.

• The objective of cyber security is to establish rules and measure to use against attacks
over the internet.
Categories of Cyber Crime

We can categorize cyber crime in two ways:-

The computer as a target: Using a computer to attacks other computer e.g.


Hacking, Virus/Worms attacks, DoS attack etc.

The computer as a weapon: Using a computer to commit real world crime


e.g. credit card fraud etc.
Principles of Computer Security
applications
services (middleware)
operating system
Hackers attack at
OS kernel level below security
perimeter
hardware

• How do you stop an attacker from getting access to a layer


below your protection mechanism?
• Every protection mechanism defines a security perimeter
(boundary). Attackers try to bypass protection mechanisms.
Types of Cyber Crime
• Hacking
• Phishing
• Denial of Service
• Spam Email
• Spyware, Adware
• Malware (Trojan, Virus, Worms etc. )
• ATM Skimming and Point of Scale Crimes
• Ransomware
Hacking

• Hacking in simple terms means an


illegal intrusion into a computer system
and/or network.

• It is also known as cracking.


Government websites are the hot targets
of the hackers due to the press
coverage, it receives.
Phishing
• Phishing is a fraudulent attempt, usually made through email, to steal your
personal information.

• Phishing is the attempt to obtain sensitive information such as username, password


and credit card details, often for malicious reasons through an electronic
communication (such as E-mail).

• A common online phishing scam starts with an email message that appears to
come from a trusted source(legitimate site) but actually directs recipients to
provide information to a fraudulent web site.
Denial of Service
• This is an act by the criminals who floods the Bandwidth of the victims network.

• In the DoS attack, a hacker uses a single internet connection to either exploit a
software vulnerability or flood a target with fake request-usually in an attempt to
exhaust server resources.

• On the other hand, DDoS attacks are launched from multiple connected devices
that are distributed across the internet.

• DoS = When a single host attacks.


• DDoS = when multiple hosts attack simultaneously and continuously.
Figure of DDoS attack:
Spam Email
• Email Spam is the electronic version of junk mail. It involves sending unwanted
messages, often unsolicited advertising, to a large number of recipients. Spam is a
serious security concern as it can be used to deliver Trojan horses, viruses, worms,
spyware, and targeted phishing attacks.
Malware
• It’s malicious software ( such as Virus ,Worms & Trojan ) , which specifically
designed to disrupt or damage computer system or mobile device.

• Hackers use malware for any number of reasons such as, extracting personal
information or passwords, stealing money, or preventing owners from accessing
their device.

• Viruses are programs that attach themselves to a computer or a file and then
circulate themselves to other files and to other computers on a network. They
usually affect the data on a computer and mobile device either by altering or
deleting it.
• Worms unlike viruses do not need the host to attach themselves. They merely
make functional copies of themselves and do this repeatedly till they eat up all the
available space on the computer’s memory.

• Trojan is a type of malware that pretends to be something useful, helpful, or fun


while actually causing harm or stealing data. Trojans are often silently
downloading other malware (e.g. spyware, adware, ransomware) on an infected
device as well.

• Trojans can infect you in places where you might not expect it, such as emails,
downloads and more. It's always better to be safe than sorry when it comes to
avoiding this type of malware.
Spyware
• Spyware is a type of malware that hackers use to spy on you in order to gain
access to your personal information, banking details, or online activity. We should
protect ourselves by an anti-spyware tool.

Adware
• Adware is a type of malware that bombards you with endless ads and pop-up
windows that could potentially be dangerous for your device. The best way to
remove adware is to use an adware removal tool.
Ransomware
• Ransomware is as scary as it sounds. Hackers use this technique to lock you out of
your devices and demand a ransom in return for access. Ransomware puts you in a
sticky situation, so it's best to know how to avoid it.

• Ransomware (a.k.a. rogueware or scareware) restricts access to your computer


system and demands that a ransom is paid in order for the restriction to be
removed. The most dangerous ransomware attacks are caused by Wannacry, Petya,
Cerber and Locky ransomware. The money which suppose to be paid to remove
ransomware from your system which is called ransom money.

• Current affairs : eg. WannaCrypt , Petya Variant


ATM Skimming and Point of Scale Crimes

• It is a technique of compromising the ATM machine by installing a skimming


device a top the machine keypad to appear as a genuine keypad or a device made
to be affixed to the card reader to look like a part of the machine.

• Additionally, malware that steals credit card data directly can also be installed on
these devices. Successful implementation of skimmers cause in ATM machine to
collect card numbers and personal identification number codes that are later
replicated to carry out fraudulent transaction.
Types of Cyber Attack by Percentage
(Source-FBI)

• Financial fraud 11%


• Sabotage of data/networks 17%
• Theft of proprietary information 20%
• System penetration from the outside 25%
• Denial of Service 27%
• Unauthorized access by insiders 71%
• Employee abuse of internet privileges 79%
• Viruses 85%
Cyber Threat Evolution
Advantages of Cyber Security
• It will defend us from hacks and virus. It helps us to browse the safe website.

• Internet Security process all the incoming and outgoing data on our computer.

• The cyber security will defend us from critical attacks.

• The application of cyber security used in our PC needs update every week.

• The security developers will update their database every week once. Hence the
new virus also detected.
Safety Tips to Cyber Crime

• Use Antivirus Software.


• Insert Firewalls.
• Uninstall unnecessary software.
• Maintain backup.
• Check security settings.
• Never give your full name or address to strangers.
• Learn more about the internet privacy.

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