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Chapter 8 Multiple Choice

1. Energy conservation is not violated when a student does work on a system because the positive net change occurs due to the work done by the student, not due to a decrease in the system's total energy. 2. Multiple choice and conceptual questions are provided about topics in physics including equilibrium, angular momentum, torque, rotational motion, and work-energy theorem. 3. The document provides answers to multiple choice questions and conceptual physics problems relating to topics such as rotational motion, torque, angular momentum, work, and energy.

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Jonathan Santos
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48 views8 pages

Chapter 8 Multiple Choice

1. Energy conservation is not violated when a student does work on a system because the positive net change occurs due to the work done by the student, not due to a decrease in the system's total energy. 2. Multiple choice and conceptual questions are provided about topics in physics including equilibrium, angular momentum, torque, rotational motion, and work-energy theorem. 3. The document provides answers to multiple choice questions and conceptual physics problems relating to topics such as rotational motion, torque, angular momentum, work, and energy.

Uploaded by

Jonathan Santos
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as TXT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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15. Energy conservation is not violated.

The positive net change


occurs because the student is doing work on the system.
Multiple-Choice Questions
1. (b)
3. (a)
5. (d)
7. (b), (e)
9. (d)
11. (d)
13. (e)
Conceptual Questions
1. In order for you to remain in equilibrium, your center of
gravity must always be over your point of support, the feet.
If your heels are against a wall, your center of gravity cannot
remain above your feet when you bend forward, so you lose
your balance.
3. No, only if its angular velocity changes.
5. The long pole has a large moment of inertia about an axis
along the rope. An unbalanced torque will then produce
only a small angular acceleration of the performer–pole system,
to
extend
the
time
available
for
getting
back
in
balance.

To
keep
the
center
of
mass
above
the
rope,
the
performer

can
shift
the
pole
left
or right,
instead
of
having
to
bend
his

body
around.
The
pole
sags
down
at
the
ends
to
lower the

system’s
center
of
gravity,
increasing
the
relative
stability
of

the
system.
7. As the motorcycle leaves the ground, the friction between
the tire and the ground suddenly disappears. If the motorcycle
driver
keeps
the
throttle
open
while
leaving
the
ground,

the
rear
tire
will
increase
its
angular
speed
and,
hence, its

angular
momentum.
The
airborne
motorcycle
is
now
an
isolated
system,
and
its
angular
momentum
must
be
conserved.

The
increase
in
angular
momentum
of
the
tire
directed,
say,

clockwise
must
be
compensated
for
by
an
increase
in
angular

momentum
of
the
entire
motorcycle
counterclockwise.
This

rotation
results
in
the
nose
of
the
motorcycle
rising
and
the

tail
dropping.
9. The angular momentum of the gas cloud is conserved. Thus,
the product Iv remains constant. As the cloud shrinks in
size, its moment of inertia decreases, so its angular speed v
must increase.
11. We can assume fairly accurately that the driving motor will
run at a constant angular speed and at a constant torque.
(a) As the radius of the take-up reel increases, the tension in
the tape will decrease, in accordance with the equation.
T 5 t
const
/R
(1)
As the radius of the source reel decreases, given a decreas-
take-up
ing tension, the torque in the source reel will decrease even
faster, as the following equation shows:
t
source
5 TR
source
5 t
const
R
source
/R
(2)
(b) In the case of a sudden jerk on the tape, the changing
take-up
angular speed of the source reel becomes important. If the
source reel is full, then the moment of inertia will be large
and the tension in the tape will be large. If the source reel
is nearly empty, then the angular acceleration will be large
instead. Thus, the tape will be more likely to break when the
source reel is nearly full. One sees the same effect in the case
of paper towels: It is easier to snap a towel free when the roll
is new than when it is nearly empty.
13. When a ladder leans against a wall, both the wall and the
floor exert forces of friction on the ladder. If the floor is
perfectly smooth, it can exert no frictional force in the
horizontal direction to counterbalance the wall’s normal
force. Therefore, a ladder on a smooth floor cannot stand in
equilibrium. However, a smooth wall can still exert a normal
force to hold the ladder in equilibrium against horizontal
motion. The counterclockwise torque of this force prevents
rotation about the foot of the ladder. So you should choose a
rough floor.
Problems
1. 168 N ? m
3. (a) 30 N ? m (counterclockwise)
(b) 36 N ? m (counterclockwise)
5. (a) 5.1 N ? m (b) The torque increases, because the torque
is proportional to the moment arm, L sin u, and this factor
increases as u increases.
7. F
t
5 724 N, F
5 716 N
9. 312 N
11. x
cg
5 3.33 ft, y
s
5 1.67 ft
13. (21.5 m, 21.5 m)
15. 1.01 m in Figure P8.15b; 0.015 m toward the head in Figure
cg
P8.15c.
17. (a) T 5 2.71 kN (b) R
5 2.65 kN
19. (a) 443 N, (b) 222 N (to the right), 216 N (upward)
21. T
1
5 501 N, T
2
x
5 672 N, T
5 384 N
23. (a) d 5
25. u5tan
mg
2k tan u
21
a
w
b
27. R 5 107 N, T 5 157 N
29. 2
09 N
31. (a) 99.0 kg ? m
33. (a) 87.8 kg ? m
h
2
2
(b) R
x
3
5
mg
2 tan u
; R
(b) 44.0 kg ? m
(b) 1.61 3 10
3
2
y
5 mg
(c) 143 kg ? m
kg (c) 4.70 rad/s
35. (a) 3.92 m/s
2
(b) 9.80 rad/s
2
2
(c) As the rope leaves the cylinder,
the
mass
of
the
cylinder
decreases,
also
decreasing
the

cylinder’s
moment
of
inertia.
At
the
same
time,
the
mass
of

rope
leaving
the
cylinder
would
increase
the
torque
exerted

on
the
cylinder.
Hence, the
acceleration
of
the
system
would

increase
in
magnitude
with
time.
(The
increase
would
be

slight
in
this
case,
given
the
large
mass
of
the
cylinder.)
37. (a) 24.0 N ? m (b) 0.035 6 rad/s
39. 177 N
41. 0.524
43. 276 J
45. (a) 5.47 J (b) 5.99 J
47. (a) 3.90 m/s (b) 15.6 rad/s
49. 149 rad/s
51. (a) 500 J (b) 250 J (c) 750 J
53. (a) 5.00 m (b) 2.31 3 10
4
2
(c) 1.07 m/s
/3 (b) mgd counterclockwise (c) 3g/7d counterclockwise
(d)
2g/7
upward
(e)
mgd
(f)
"6g/7d

(g)
m"14gd
J (c) 1.79 3 10
4
J (d) 9.27 m/s
55. (a) 7.08 3 10
/3
(h) "2gd/21
61. 6.73 rad/s
63. 5.99 3 10
33
J ? s (b) 2.66 3 10
J ? s
57. 17.5 J ? s counterclockwise
59. (a) 7md
2
J
65. (a) v5
a
22
I
1
3
I
1
1 I
2
b
v
0
(b)
KE
KE
f
i
40
5
I
, 1
67. (a) 2.6 rad/s (b) 5.1 3 10
5
kg ? m
I
1
2
1
1 I
2
(c) 1.7 3 10
J
69. (a) As the child walks to the right end of the boat, the boat
2
moves left (toward the pier). (b) The boat moves 1.45 m
closer to the pier, so the child will be 5.55 m from the pier.
(c) No. He will be short of reaching the turtle by 0.45 m.
71. 36.9°
73. (a) Mvd (b) Mv
2
(c) Mvd (d) 2v (e) 4Mv
2
6
(f) 3Mv
75. (a) 6.73 N upward (b) x 5 0.389 m
77. (a) 0 (b) 0; Because the monkey and the bananas are both
moving upward with the same speed, the angular momentum
of
the
system
is
zero.
(c)
The
monkey
won’t
reach
the

bananas
until
they
become
caught
in
the
pulley.
2

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