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Physics 4A Spring 2015 Test 2: Name: May 15, 2015

1) A skydiver reaches a terminal velocity of 53 m/s without a parachute due to air resistance. With her parachute open, her terminal velocity decreases to 15 m/s, which is 28% of her original speed without a parachute. If the parachute deployed instantly, the skydiver would experience a downward acceleration equal to the change in air resistance. 2) A 2 kg mass hanging from a spring at equilibrium is raised 0.6 m and released, oscillating with a maximum height 0.3 m above the equilibrium position. 3) A particle sliding down a frictionless ramp will maintain its speed of sqrt(2gh) at the bottom and along a table.

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Ibrahim Mansour
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48 views5 pages

Physics 4A Spring 2015 Test 2: Name: May 15, 2015

1) A skydiver reaches a terminal velocity of 53 m/s without a parachute due to air resistance. With her parachute open, her terminal velocity decreases to 15 m/s, which is 28% of her original speed without a parachute. If the parachute deployed instantly, the skydiver would experience a downward acceleration equal to the change in air resistance. 2) A 2 kg mass hanging from a spring at equilibrium is raised 0.6 m and released, oscillating with a maximum height 0.3 m above the equilibrium position. 3) A particle sliding down a frictionless ramp will maintain its speed of sqrt(2gh) at the bottom and along a table.

Uploaded by

Ibrahim Mansour
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Physics 4A Spring 2015 Test 2

Name:
May 15, 2015

Please show your work! Answer as many questions as you can, in any order. Calculators
are allowed. Books and notes are not allowed. Use any blank space to answer questions, but
please make sure it is clear which question your answer refers to.

g = 9.8 ms−2 (If you like you can use g = 10 ms−2 , but make your choice clear.)

Stokes Drag:
R = −bv
v(t) = vT (1 − e−t/τ ), τ = m
b

The Drag Equation:


R = − 21 DρAv 2v̂ 
g
v(t) = vT tanh vT
t

∆Eint = fk s (kinetic friction case)

sin2 θ + cos2 θ = 1
sin(2θ) = 2 sin(θ) cos(θ)
cos(2θ) = cos2 θ − sin2 θ
sin(α ± β) = sin α cos β ± cos α sin β
cos(α ± β) = cos α cos β ∓ sin α sin β
cos α cos β = 21 [cos(α − β) + cos(α + β)]
sin α sin β = 21 [cos(α − β) − cos(α + β)]
sin α cos β = 12 [sin(α + β) + sin(α − β)]
sin θ + π2 = cos θ


cos θ + π2 = − sin θ


1
sec θ := cos θ
1
csc θ := sin θ
1
cot θ := tan θ

1
1. A skydiver jumps from an airplane and drops through the air until effectively reaching
her terminal velocity. The resistive force on her is well modeled by the Drag Equation
R = 12 DρAv 2 .

(a) Assume her mass (together with her equipment) is 75 kg, the density of air is
ρ = 1.20 kg/m3 , her effective cross-sectional area is 0.8 m2 , and her drag coefficient
is D = 1. Find her terminal velocity. [3 pts]
(b) Now she opens her parachute. Her drag coefficient increases to D = 1.75 and her
effective cross-sectional area increases to 20 m2 . Find her new terminal velocity
with the parachute open. What percent of her previous terminal velocity (without
the parachute open) is this? (Ignore any effects of wind.) [3 pts]
(c) If the parachute deployed instantly, thereby instantly changing the drag coefficient
and cross-sectional area, what would be the acceleration of the skydiver at the
instant of deployment? 1 [4 pts]
1
In practice parachutes begin to slow a skydiver even before opening completely.

2
2. A mass m = 2 kg hangs from a light vertical spring, of spring constant k = 80 N/m,
attached to the ceiling. Without the mass, the bottom of spring hangs at a height
y = 0 m. For this problem you should use g = 10 m s−2 for easier calculation.

(a) Find y1 , the height that the mass hangs at on the spring when at equilibrium.
[3 pts]
(b) Now the mass is pulled down further to a lower point y2 = −0.6 m and released.
Find y3 , the maximum height the mass reaches. (Ignore any effects of friction
or air resistance and assume the mass can only move along a line in the vertical
direction.) [5 pts]

y=0

y = y1
y = y2

3
3. A particle, initially at rest, slides down a frictionless ramp, of height h. When it
reaches the bottom of the ramp it slides a distance x along a table surface with friction
(coefficient of kinetic friction µk ), then slides off of the table and falls to the ground.
The height of the table is also h. (You may give your answers in terms of g as well as
any of the variables given in the question.)

(a) Find an expression for the speed of the particle at the bottom of the ramp. [2 pts]
(b) Find an expression for the speed of the particle as it just leaves the edge of the
table. [3 pts]
(c) Find an expression for the speed of the particle an instant before it hits the
ground? [2 pts]
(d) How far from the edge of the table does the particle land on the floor? [3 pts]

4
4. A very adventurous person intends to ride a bicycle through a loop of radius r on a
track (see diagram). This will involve going upside down. The person will come down
a ramp pedaling to gain speed, then will coast through the loop after point a (no more
pedaling). Give an expression for how fast he and his bicycle must be going at point a
in order to just make it over the loop without losing contact with the track and falling
at the top? (Ignore any effects of friction. You may give your answer in terms of g as
well as r.) [5 pts]

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