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CURRENT ELECTRICITY
Q.1 T h e c u r r e n t t h r o u g h a w i r e v a r i e s w i t h t i m e a s I = I 0 + α t , w h e r e I o = 10 A
and α = 4 As -1 . Find the charge that flows across a cross -section of the wire in first
10 seconds.
Q.2 0.2 mm diameter copper wire is connected to 5.0 mm diameter iron wire. The current flows
through both the wires. If 8.0 A current flows through the copper wire, then calculate the
following quantities.
1). T h e c u r r e n t f l o w i n g t h r o u g h t h e i r o n w i r e a n d current density in it.
2).The current density in t he copper wire.

Q.3 The current density along the axis of a cylindrical conductor having radius equal
𝑟2
to R is given by J = J o (1 — 𝑅2). Find the current along the length of the conductor. The
distance from the axis is given by r.
Q.4 3A current is flowing through two identical conducting wires having diameter equal to 0.2 cm.
These conducting wires are then split into three identical conducting wires, each having 0.1 cm
diameter (as shown in the Figure). Calculate the drift velocities in the thicker and the thinner
conductors.
The electron density = 7 x 1028 m-3. All the conductors are made of the same
material. The e le ct ric charge o n e le ctron is equ al to = 1.6 x 10-19 C.

Q.5 A copper wire is stretched to make it 0.1% longer. What is the percentage change in its
resistance ? [Assume that the volume of the wire remains constant.]
Q.6 The resistance of the platinum wire of a platinum resistance thermometer at the
icepoint is 5Ω and at steampoint is 5.23 Ω. When the thermometer is inserted
in a hot bath, the resistance of the platinum wire is 5.795 Ω. Calculate the temperature
of the bath.
Q.7 T wo m ate rials h ave th e value of α 1 and α 2 as 6 x 1 0 - 4 (°C) - 1 and -5 x 10-4 (° C)-1
respectively. The resistivity of the first material 𝜌20 = 2 x 10-8 . A new material is made by

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combining the above two materials. The resisitivity does not change with temperature. What
should be the resistivity 𝜌 20 of the second material ? Considering the reference temperature as
20°C assume that the resistivity of the new material is equal to the sum of the resistivity of
its component materials.

Q.8 The tungsten filament of bulb has resistance equal to 18 Ω at 20° C temperature. 0.185 A of
current flows, when 30 V is connected to it. If α = 4.5 x 10-3 K-1 for a tungsten, then find the
temperature of the filament.
Q.9 6 batteries, each of 2.0 volts are connected in series so that they are helping each other.
Internal resistance of each is 0.5 Ω. They are being charged using a direct voltage supply
of 110 volts. To control the current, a resistance of 46 Ω. is used in the series. Obtain (1)
power drawn from the supply, and (2) power dissipated as heat. Why are the two
different ?
Q.10 Calculate the current flowing through the resistor R 1 in the given circuit. R1 = 10
Ω, R2 = 20 Ω and R3 = 30 Ω. The potentials of the points 1, 2 and 3 are respectively, V 1 =
10 V, V 2 = 6 V and V 3 = 5 V. Calculate the potential at the junction.

Q.11 Calculate the potential difference between the plates A and B of the capacitor in the adjacent circuit.

Q.12 Calculate the potential difference between points A and B as well as between,
points C and B under a steady condition of the circuit shown in the figure.

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Q.13 A cube is made by connecting 12 wires of equal resistance R. Find the equivalent resistance
between any two of its diagonally opposite points.
Q.14 A cube is constructed by connecting 12 wires of equal resistance as shown in Figure.
Find the equivalent resistance between the points A and B shown in the Figure. The
resistance of each wire is of r Ω. A and B are the midpoints of the sides PQ and VU
respectively.

Q.15 As shown in the figure (a), some current flows through resistors R1, R2 and R3 resistors. R1 =
10Ω , R2 = 20 Ω and R3 = 30 Ω and the battery voltage is equal to 10 V.

Q.16 An electric current of 5A is divided in three branches forming a parallel combination. The
lengths of the wires in the three branches are in the proportion 2 : 3 : 4 and their radii are in the
proportion 3 : 4 : 5. Find the currents in each branch if the wires are of the same material.
Q.17 In the circuit shown in Figure, Ɛ1 = 3V, Ɛ2 = 2V, Ɛ3 = 1V and R = r1 = r2 = r3 = 1 Ω. Find the current
through each branch and potential difference between the points A and B.

Q.18 Calculate the current flowing through the BC wire for the given circuit (a) shown here.
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Q.19 200 Ω resistor is connected in one of the gaps of the Meterbridge. Series combination of X Ω
and 50 Ω resistors is connected in the second gap. Here unknown resistance X Ω is kept in a
Heat bath at a certain temperature. Calculate the unknown resistance and its temperature if
the balance point is obtained at 50 cm. The total length of the wire of the Meterbridge is equal
to 1 meter. The resistance of the unknown resistance at 0 °C temperature is equal to 100 Ω, α =
0.5 x 10-3 °C-1 for the material of the X Ω resistors.
Q.20 Electric current divides among two resistors connected in parallel in such a way that the joule
heat developed becomes minimum. Using this fact, obtain the equation of division of currents.
Q.21 When two resistors are connected with voltage V individually, the powers obtained are P1 and
P2 respectively. Then,
(i) they are connected in series
(ii) they are connected in parallel
Shown that the product of powers in (i) and (ii) is P1P2.
Q.22 A battery having an emf Ɛ and an internal resistance r is connected with a resistance R. Prove
that the power in the external resistance R is maximum when R = r.

Q.23 A stream of electron moves from the electron gun to a screen of a television. The electric
current of the 10 µA is constituted. Calculate the number of electrons striking the screen at
every second. Also calculate magnitude of the charges striking the screen in one minute.
[ Ans : n = 6.25 x 1013 electron/Sec., Q = - 600 µC]
𝑒2
Q.24 An electron in the hydrogen atom is revolving around a proton with a speed of . The radius of
ℏ
ℏ2
the electron orbit is equal to 𝑚𝑒 2. Obtain the formula for the electric current in the above case.
ℎ
Mass of the electron = m, charge on electron = e. ( Hint : ℏ = 2𝜋 )
4𝜋 2 𝑚𝑒 2
[ Ans : I = ]
ℎ3

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Q.25 A current of 1.0 A is flowing through a copper wire of length 0.1 m and corss-section 1.0 x 10-6
m 2.
(i) If the resistivity of copper be 1.7 x 10-8 Ω m, calculate the potential difference across the
ends of a wire.
(ii) Determine the drift velocity of electrons.
[Density of copper = 8.9 x 103 kg m-3, valancy of Cu = 1, atomic weight of copper = 63.5
gmol-1, NA = 6.02 x 1023 mol-1
[ Ans : V = 1.7 x 10-3 V and vd = 7.4 x 10-5 ms-1]
Q.26 An n-type semi-conductor has 4 x 10-3 meter width, 25 x 10-5 metre thickness and 6 x 10-2
metre length 4.8 mA current is flowing through it. Here voltage is applied parallel to the length
of the semi-conductor. Calculate the current density. The density of the free electron is equal to
1022 m-3. What will be the time taken by the electron across the length of the semi-conductor ?
[Ans : 4.8 x 103 Am-2, 2 x 10-2 s]
Q.27 A cylindrical wire is stretched to increase its length by 10%. Calculate the percentage increase
in resistance. [Ans. : 21%]
Q.28 One conducting wire of length 1 m is cut into two unequal part P and Q respectively. Now, part
P is stretched to double its length. Let the modified wire be R. If the resistance of the R and Q
wires are same, then calculate the length of P and Q wires.
1 4
[Ans : Length of the P wire is5 meter, Length of Q wire is 5 meter]
Q.29 The resistance of one aluminium and one copper wires, having identical lengths is equal.Which
of the two wires will be lighter ? 𝜌𝐴𝑙 = 2.63 x 10-8 Ω m, 𝜌𝐶𝑢 = 1.72 x 10-8 Ω m the density of the
aluminium is 2.7 X 103 kg m-3 and density of cooper is 8.9 x 103 kg m-3.
[Ans. : aluminium]
Q.30 The emf of the batteries E, F, G and H are 2V, 1V, 3V and 1V respectively. Their internal
resistance are respectively 2 Ω, 1 Ω, 3 Ω respectively. Calculate p.d. between B and D.
2
[Ans : 3 V]

Q.31 Find the effective resistance between the points A and B in the network given below. All wires
7𝑟
in the network have the same resistance 'r' Ohm. [Ans : Ohm]
5

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Q.32 Consider an infinite network as shown in the figure. The resistance of each of the wires of the
network is equal to R. Calculate the resultant resistance between points P and Q.
[Ans : R (1 + √3 )]

Q.33 The length of a potentiometer wire is 200 cm. For a given cell, the null point is obtained at 80
cm. What will be the length of wire required for balancing the cell if the length of the same wire
is made 300 cm ? [Ans : 120 cm]
Q.34 A battery having an emf of 12 volt and an internal resistance of 2 Ω is connected to another
battery having an emf of 18 volt and an internal resistance of 2 Ω in such a way that they are
opposing each other and the circuit is closed. Calculate the following :
(1) current flowing in the circuit.
(2) electrical power in the two batteries.
(3) terminal voltage of the two batteries.
(4) electric power consumed in the batteries.
[Ans : (1) 15 A (2) 18 W, 27 W (3) 15 V, 15 V (4) 4.5 W, 4.5 W]
Q.35 An electric kettle has two heating coils. When one of the coils is switched on, a given quantity
of water in the kettle starts boiling in 6 minutes. When the other coil only is switched on, then
the same amount of water starts boiling in 8 minutes. If the two coils are switched on in parallel
how much time will the same amount of water take to boil ? Each time the voltage applied is
the same. [Ans. : 3.43 min]
Q.36 Two wires which are made of the same material have the same cross-sectional area, but
different lengths l1 and l2. Prove that if they are used as fuse wires, they will melt for the same
value of the current flowing through them, in the same time.
Q.37 A and B are two electric bulbs with their ratings respectively 40 W, 110 V and 100 W and 110 V.
Find their respective filament resistances. If the bulbs are connected in series with a supply of
220 V, which bulb will fuse ? [Ans : RA = 302.5 Ω, RB = 121 Ω, bulb A]

MCQ
1. In a hydrogen atom, the electron is moving in a circular orbit of radius 5.3 x 10-11 m with a
constant speed of 2.2 x 106 ms-1. The electric current formed due to the motion of electron is
………
(A) 1.12 A (B) 1.06 mA (C) 1.06 A (D) 1.12 mA

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2. A ring of radius R and linear charge density 𝜆 on its surface is performing rotational motion
about an axis perpendicualr to its plane. If the angular velocity of the ring is ω, how much
current is constituted by the ring ?
(A) Rω𝜆 (B) R2 𝜔𝜆 (C) R𝜔2 𝜆 (D) Rω𝜆2
3. A cell supplies a current of 0.9 A through a 2Ω resistor and current of 0.3 A through a 7 Ω
resistor. What is the internal resistance of the cell ?
(A) 0.5 Ω (B) 1.0 Ω (C) 1.2 Ω (D) 2.0 Ω
2
4. The cross-sectional area of the plane shown in the figure is equal to 1 cm . 2A current flows
through a conductor. The current density at point P in the conductor will be ………..

4 √3
(A) X 104 Am-2 (B) X 104 Am-2
√3 2

√3 √3
(C) x 10-4 Am-2 (D) x 10-4 Am-2
2 4

5. A current density of 2.5 Am-2 is found to exist in a conductor when an electric field of 5 X 10-8
Vm-1 is applied across it. The resistivity of a conductor is
(A) 1 x 10-8 Ω m (C) 0.5 x 10-8 Ω m
(B) 2 x 10-8 Ω m (D) 12.5 x 10-8 Ω m
6. A wire has a non-uniform cross-section as shown in figure. A steady current is flowing through it.
Then the drift speed of the electrons while going from A to B ………..

(A) is constant throughout the wire (C) increases

(B) decreases (D) varies randomly

7. A resistive wire is stretched till its length is increased by 100 %. Due to the consequent decrease
in diameter, the change in the resistance of a stretched wire will be
(A) 300 % (B) 200 % (C) 100 % (D) 50 %
8. At what temperature would the resistance of a copper conductor be double its resistance at 0°C
? Given α for copper = 3.9 x 10-3 °C-1
(A) 256.4°C (B) 512.8°C (C) 100°C (D) 256.4 K
9. You are given n identical resistors each of resistance r Ω. First they are connected in such a way
that the possible minimum value of resistance is obtained. Then they are connected in a way to
get maximum possible resistance. The ratio of minimum and maximum resistance obtained in
these ways is …………..
1 1
(A) 𝑛 (B) n (C) n2 (D) 𝑛2
10. P and Q are two points on a uniform ring of resistance R. O is the centre of the ring. If the part
PQ of the ring subtends an angle 𝜃 at the centre O of the ring (i.e. ∠POQ = 𝜃 ), the equivalent
resistance of the ring between the points P and Q will be…………..

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[radius of the ring = r and resistance per unit length of the ring = 𝜌]
𝑅𝜃 𝜃 𝑅𝜃 2𝜋−𝜃
(A) 4𝜋2 (2𝜋 - 𝜃) (B) R (1- 2𝜋) (C) 2𝜋 (D) R ( )
4𝜋
11. A wire in a circular shape has 10 Ω resistance. The resistance of wire per 1 m length is 1 Ω. If the
equivalent resistance betwen A and B is 2.4 Ω, then the length of the chord AB will be equal to
……….. meter.

(A) 2.4 (B) 4

(C) 4.8 (D) 6

12. In the circuit shown in figure, what will be the effective resistance between points A and B ?

𝑟
(A) r (B) 2

𝑟
(C) 3 (D) 2r

13. Figure shows a part of a closed circuit. If the current flowing through it is 2A, what will be the
potential difference between points A and B ?

(A) +2 V (B) +1 V

(C) -2 V (D) -1 V

14. In the network shown in figure, the equivalent resistance between points X and Y will be …….

𝑟
(A) r (B) 2

𝑟
(C) 2r (D) 3

15. The effective resistance between points A and B of the network shown in figure…….

(A) 2 Ω (B) 3 Ω

(C) 6 Ω (D) 12 Ω

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16. The equivalent resistance between points X and Y in the following figure is

(A) 4 Ω (B) 2 Ω

(C) 1 Ω (D) 3 Ω

17. What is the total current supplied by the battery to the circuit shown in the adjoing figure ?

(A) 2 A (B) 4 A

(C) 6 A (D) 9 A

18. A uniform conductor of resistance R is cut into 20 equal pieces. Half of them are joined in series
and the remaining half of them are connected in parallel. If the two combinations are joined in
series, the effective resistance of all the pieces is :
𝑅 101𝑅 201𝑅
(A) R (B) 2 (C) (D)
200 200
19. What will be the time taken by electron to move with drift velocity from one end to the other
end of copper conductor 3 metre long and carrying a current of 3 A ?
[The cross-sectional area of the conductor = 2 x 10-6 m2 and electron density for copper n = 8.5 x
1028 m-3]
(A) 2.72 x 103 s (B) 2.72 x 104 s (C) 2.72s (D) 2.72 x 10-4 s
20. Masses of three wires of copper are in the ratio 5 : 3 : 1 and their lengths are in the ratio 1 : 3 : 5.
The ratio of their electrical resistances are………
(A) 5 : 3 : 1 (B) √125 : 15 : 1 (C) 1 : 15 : 125 (D) 1 : 3 : 5
21. The resistance of a 10 m long potentiometer wire is 20 Ω . It is connected in series with a 3 V
battery and 10 Ω resistor. The potential difference between two points separated by distance 30
cm is equal to ………..
(A) 0.02 V (B) 0.06 V (C) 0.1 V (D) 1.2 V
22. In the potentiometer circuit shown in figure, the balance length AJ = 60 cm when switch S is
open. When switch S is closed and the value of R = 5 Ω, the balance length AJ' = 50 cm. What is
the internal resistance of cell C' ?
(A) 0.5 Ω (B) 1 Ω
(C) 1.5 Ω (D) 0.1 Ω
23. n identical cells each of emf Ɛ and internal resistance r are connected in parallel with resistor R.
The current flowing through resistor R is, …………

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𝑛Ɛ 𝑛Ɛ Ɛ Ɛ
(A) 𝑅+𝑛𝑟 (B) 𝑛𝑅+𝑟 (C) 𝑅+𝑟 (D) 𝑛𝑅+𝑟

1
24. A wire is uniformly stretched to make its area of cross-section 𝑛 th times (n > 0). What will
be its new resistance ?
1 1
(A) times (B) 𝑛2 times (C) 𝑛 times (D) n times
𝑛2
25. If the current in an electric bulb increases by 1 %, what will be the change in the power of a bulb
?
[Assume that the resistance of the filament of a bulb remains constant.]
(A) increases by 1 % (B) decreases by 1 % (C) increases by 2 % (D) decreases by 2 %
26. In the following circuit if the heat evolved in the 10 Ohm resistor is 10 cal/s. The heat evolved in
the 4 Ω resistor is approximately …….. cal/s.

(A) 4 (B) 5

(C) 10 (D) 20

27. Two bulbs of 220 V and 100 W are first connected in series and then in parallel with a supply of
220 V. Total power in both the cases will be…………
(A) 50 W, 100 W (B) 100 W, 50 W (C) 200 W, 150 W (D) 50 W, 200 W

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