DESIGN OF Z PURLINS Created By: Madurai ES Consultancy Services Pvt Ltd.
Purlin Designation P1 JOB No.:
DATE :
Input Data: Purlin Geometry
Span of the purlin = 6.000 M
Spacing of the purlin = 1.8 M
No. of Sag rods = 2
Slope of the Roof = 18 deg.
Number of Spans = 3
(for 1 or 2 spans, Bending Moment Coefficient is 8, for 3 or more spans, it is 10)
(in case of Bending about minor axis, (No of spans)x(No of sagrods+1) is used.
Input Data: Loads
Dead Loads
Weight of Sheeting = 6 kg/sqm
Self Weight of Purlin = Automatically Calculated from Section properties
Extra for cleats, as % of Purlin weight = 10 %
Additional Dead Loads to Consider = kg/sqm
Live Loads
Live load on Roof = Automatically Calculated from Slope
= 59 kg/sqm
Additional Live Loads to be considered = kg/sqm
(For Design of Wall Girt (Cladding Runner), additional Live loads to be considered can be entered as -ve of LL on roof)
(Live load will be 0 effectively)
Wind Loads
Basic Wind Speed 39 m/s Terrain Category 2
k1 1 Maximum Horizontal Dimension of Building 33.528 m
k3 1 Hence, Bldg Class B
Height of Top 10.3632 m
Based on the data on right, k2 is obtained from the tables
k2 0.98
Ht of building at eaves level, h = 5m
Width of the building, w = 33.5 m
Length of the Building, l = 33.5 m
Hence, h/w = 0.149
and l/w = 1.000
Based on the h/w and l/w, the values of Cpe is obtained from tables as noted below:
Maximum Downward Cpe (include sign) -0.4
Maximum Upward Cpe (include sign) -0.7
Based on % of openings, Cpi is taken as +/- 0.5
sultancy Services Pvt Ltd.
4786
31-05-2020
m Section properties
be entered as -ve of LL on roof)
d will be 0 effectively)
Input Data: Purlin Section Being Checked
Try Z 200x60x2.3
Yield stress of material 2400 KG/CM2
Flange Width, b 60 mm
Depth of section d 200 mm
Thickness t 2.3 mm
Length of Lip lip_l 20 mm
Inner Bending Radius 3 mm
Area 8.07 cm2
Zxx 47.72 cm3 Section Modulus about Major Axis
Zyy 10.22 cm3 Section Modulus about Minor Axis
Ixx 477.18 cm4 Moment of Inertia about Major Axis
Iyy 61.34 cm4 Moment of Inertia about Minor Axis
Purlin Weight 3.519 kg/sqm
Output Summary
Section Properties OK? OK Based on Section 9 of BS:5950 Part 5 – 1998
OK Based on IS 801 Clause 5.2.2.1
Stresses Ok? OK
Critical Stress Factor 0.73
Deflection Check OK? OK
Hence, Overall: OK
Notes:
1. Section Properties Check based on Section 9 of B:5950 Part 5 is a guideline and not mandatory
Hence, Design is considered Safe even if above check only is not okay but all other checks are okay
2. Currently, this design only works if full width is effective. If full width is not effective,
this spreadsheet will report Failure in Stress Check
3. Not suitable currently for curved roofs.
4. Design is not suitable for varying spans of purlins (varying truss spacing)
Approximate Geometric Properties
Assumed Vertical Lips and Bending Radius disregarded
Each Lip Area 40.71 sqmm
Each Flange Area 138 sqmm
Web Area 449.42 sqmm
Total Area
Ixx of each lip, indiv. 1062.84 mm4
Zxx
Ixx of each flange, indiv 60.84 mm4 Zyy
Ixx of web 1429948.08 mm4 Ixx total
Iyy total
Iyy of each lip, indiv. 17.95 mm4
Iyy of each flange, indiv 41400.00 mm4
Iyy of web 198.12 mm4
nd not mandatory
y but all other checks are okay
8.07 cm2
47.72 cm3
10.22 cm3
477.18 cm4
61.34 cm4
Z Purlin Design_Report
Created by Madurai ES Consultancy Services Pvt Ltd
Z Purlin Design Report Prepared By Madurai ES Consultancy Services Pvt
Code Author: S. Arunkumar, Managing Director.
Code Version: R1 Code Year: 2011
Revision History R0: Basic Design with checks for Stresses and Deflection based on IS 800 only
R1: Added Section property checks and Allowable Stress Calculations based on IS 801
JOB No.: 4786 DATE :
Input Data: Purlin Geometry
Span of the purlin = 6.000 M
Spacing of the purlin = 1.8 M
No. of Sag rods = 2
Slope of the Roof = 18 deg.
Number of Spans = 3
Bending Moment Coefficients: Use 8 for Single/Two spans, 10 for 3 or more spans
Bending Moment Coefficient for Mxx(BMCX) 10
For Bending About Minor Axis, Number of spans= number of spans x (number of sagrods+1)
Number of Spans about Minor Axis = 9
Bending Moment Coefficient for Myy(BMCY) 10
Cross Sectional Area of Purlin 8.07 cm2
Purlin Weight = 6.334 kg/m (Area in sqcm x 0.785 kg/sqcm/m) in kg/m
= 3.519 kg/sqm (Weight in kg/m)/spacing
Design Calculations: Primary Load Cases
DEAD LOAD
Weight of Sheeting 6.000 kg/sqm
Self Weight of Purlin (calculated above) 3.519 kg/sqm
Extra load for weight 10 % of purlin weight 0.352 kg/sqm
Other Dead Loads kg/sqm
Total Dead Load 9.871 kg/sqm
= 0.099 kN/sqm
LIVE LOAD
Live Load on Roof = 75 kg/sqm if slope is less than 10 degrees. If Slope is more than 10 degrees, LL = 75 – 2x(slope-10), subject to minimum of
Live load on Roof = 59 KG/M2
Additional Live Loads to be considered = KG/M2
(For Design of Wall Girt (Cladding Runner), additional Live loads to be considered can be entered as -ve of LL on roof)
Total Live Load 59 kg/sqm
= 0.590 kN/sqm
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onsultancy Services Pvt Ltd.
r, Managing Director.
S 800 only
ns based on IS 801
31/5/20
m/m) in kg/m
), subject to minimum of 40 kg/sqm
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Z Purlin Design_Report
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WIND LOAD
Basic Wind Speed Vb 39 m/s
k1 1
k3 1
Terrain Category 2
Maximum Horizontal Dimension of Building 33.528 m
Hence, Building Class is B
Height of Top 10.3632 m
Based on the above data, k2 is obtained from the tables
k2 0.98
Design Wind Speed Vz=k1.k2.k3.Vb 38.22 m/s
Design Wind Pressure pz=0.6Vz^2 876.461 N/sqm
= 0.876 kN/sqm
Ht of building at eaves level, h = 5m
Width of the building, w = 33.5 m
Length of the Building, l = 33.5 m
Hence, h/w = 0.149
and l/w = 1.000
Based on the h/w and l/w, the values of Cpe is obtained from tables as noted below:
Maximum Downward Cpe (including sign) -0.4
Maximum Upward Cpe (including sign) -0.7
Based on % of openings, Cpi is taken as +/- 0.5
Wind Load is included in two load combinations – DL+WL and DL+LL+WL
Since, Dead Load and Live Load are downward, DL+WL will be critical for the maximum upward wind force
Similarly, DL+LL+WL will be critical for the maximum downward wind force
WL1: Maximum Upward Wind Force – To be used in combination DL+WL1
Maximum Upward Cpe (including sign) -0.7
Cpi to use (for upward, use -) -0.5
Hence, Cpe+Cpi = -1.2
Design Wind Pressure pz 0.876 kN/sqm
Wind pressure for Purlin Design -1.052 kN/sqm
WL2: Maximum Downward Wind Force – To be used in combination DL+LL+WL2
Maximum Downward Cpe (including sign) -0.4
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Cpi to use (for upward, use -) 0.5
Hence, Cpe+Cpi = 0.1
Design Wind Pressure pz 0.876 kN/sqm
Wind pressure for Purlin Design 0.088 kN/sqm
Design Calculations: Primary Load Cases – Conversion of forces to Normal And Tangential Components
Spacing of the purlin = 1.8 m
Slope of the Roof = 18 degrees
Total Dead Load = 0.099 kN/sqm
DL Normal Component = DL x Spacing x cos(slope) = 0.169 kN/m
DL Tangential Component = DL x Spacing x sin(slope) = 0.055 kN/m
Total Live Load = 0.590 kN/sqm
LL Normal Component = LL x Spacing x cos(slope) = 1.010 kN/m
LL Tangential Component = LL x Spacing x sin(slope) = 0.328 kN/m
Total Wind Load in WL1 = -1.052 kN/sqm
WL is normal to roof
Hence, WL1 normal component = WL1 x Spacing = -1.893 kN/m
And, WL1 Tangential component = kN/m
Total Wind Load in WL2 = 0.088 kN/sqm
WL is normal to roof
Hence, WL2 normal component = WL2 x Spacing = 0.158 kN/m
And, WL2 Tangential component = kN/m
Design Calculations:Summary of Loads in Load Combinations
From above calculations, the components of load in the various load combinations are tabulated
DL+LL DL+WL1 DL+LL+WL2
Normal Load 1.179 -1.724 1.337 kN/m
Tangential Load 0.383 0.055 0.383 kN/m
For Strength Design, 0.75 factor is applicable for combinations with Wind Load since 33.33% extra stress is allowed
Hence, the components of load in the various load combinations for Strength design are
DL+LL 0.75(DL+WL1) 0.75(DL+LL+WL2)
Normal Load 1.179 -1.293 1.003 kN/m
Tangential Load 0.383 0.041 0.287 kN/m
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omponents
allowed
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Z Purlin Design_Report
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Maximum Normal Component = 1.179 kN/m
Purlin Section Selected:
Section Name Z 200x60x2.3
Yield stress of material 2400 kg/sqcm
Flange Width, b 60 mm
Depth of section d 200 mm
Thickness t 2.3 mm
Length of Lip lip_l 20 mm
Internal Bending radius 3 mm
Total bending Radius, rad 5.3 mm
Flange Width w/o bend, w = b – 2 x rad 49.4 mm
Area 8.07 cm2
Zxx 47.72 cm3
Zyy 10.22 cm3
Ixx 477.18 cm4
Iyy 61.34 cm4
Purlin Weight = 6.334 kg/m (Area in sqcm x 0.785 kg/sqcm/m) in kg/m
= 3.519 kg/sqm (Weight in kg/m)/spacing
Design Calculations: Checking Basic Section Properties based on Section 9 of BS:5950 Part 5 – 1998
Check No. 1 – Overall Depth <= 100t & >=L/45
Overall Depth 200 mm
100t = 230 mm
L/45 = 133.333 mm
Hence OK
Check No. 2 – Overall Width of Compression Flange<=35t
Flange Width, b 60 mm
35t = 80.5 mm
Hence OK
Check No. 3 – Width of Lip >= b/5
Width of Lip 20 mm
B/5 = 12 mm
Hence OK
Check No. 4 – Total Width over both flanges >= L/60
Total Width over both flanges 117.7 mm
L/60 = 100.000 mm
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m/m) in kg/m
– 1998
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Hence OK
Check No. 5 – Zxx of Purlin >= WL/1400 for Simply Supported Purlin and >=WL/1800 for Continuous Purlin
Zxx = 47.72 cm3
W is normal component of unfactored distributed dead load plus imposed load in kN
L is span of purlin in mm
W= 7.074 kN
L= 6000 mm
Number of Spans = 3
Hence, denominator = 1800
WL/denominator 23.580
Hence OK
Result 1: Check for Section Properties Based on BS 5950 Part 5 Sec.9: OK
Design Calculations: Checking Basic Section Properties based on IS 801 for Lip of Purlin
Minimum Depth of Lip shall be 2.8 x t x ((w/t)^2-281200/Fy)^(1/6) and not less than 4.8t
t= 2.3 mm
w= 49.4 mm
Fy= 2400 kg/sqcm
w/t= 21.478260869565
2.8 x t x ((w/t)^2-281200/Fy)^(1/6) 17.048 mm
4.8t= 11.04 mm
Lip l= 20 mm
Hence OK
Lip is Edge stiffener only if w/t<60
Here, w/t = 21.478260869565
Hence OK
Result 2: Check for Section Properties Based on IS 801 Clause 5.2.2.1: OK
Design Calculations: Stress Checks
Check for w/t, lim = 1435/sqrt(f)
As per clause 5.2.1.1 of IS 801,
f is the actual stress in compression element computed based on effective width
Compression stress based on full width = Max (Mxx/Zxx+Myy/Zyy) for all three unfactored combinations
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Span for major axis bending = Span of purlin
= 6.000 m
Span for minor axis bending = Span of purlin / (no. of sagrods + 1)
= 2m
Bending Moment Coefficient for Mxx(BMCX) 10
Bending Moment Coefficient for Myy(BMCY) 10
Note: Calculation for the above is at the top of the report
DL+LL DL+WL1 DL+LL+WL2
Normal Load 1.179 -1.724 1.337 kN/m
Tangential Load 0.383 0.055 0.383 kN/m
Mxx 4.244 6.207 4.812 KN-m
Myy 0.153 0.022 0.153 KN-m
Mxx/Zxx 88.947 130.077 100.849 N/sqmm
Myy/Zyy 14.988 2.148 14.988 N/sqmm
Mxx/Zxx+Myy/Zyy 103.935 132.225 115.837 N/sqmm
Max. Compression Stress = 132.225 N/sqmm
f = 132.225 N/sqmm
= 1322.249 kg/sqcm
1435/sqrt(f) = 39.463
w/t = 21.478260869565
Hence OK Design is restricted to Fully Effective Section
Maximum Compressive Stress based on Lateral Buckling of Flange, as per Clause 6.3 of IS 801
Calculate X=L2Sxc/(dIyc)
and Y = Pi2ECb/Fy
Fb, the Allowable Compressive Stress based on Lateral Buckling of Flange is calculated as
X<0.18Y implies, Fb = 0.6 Fy - CASE (i)
X>0.18Y but X<0.9Y implies, Fb= 0.667 Fy – Fy . X / (2.7 Y) - CASE (ii)
X>0.9Y implies Fb = 0.3 Fy . Y / X - CASE (iii)
L = Unbraced Length of member = Span / (Number of sagrods+1) 200 cm
Sxc = Compression Section Modulus of section about major axis = Zxx 47.72 Cm^3
d = Depth of Section = 20 cm
Iyc = Moment of Inertia of the compression portion = Iyy/2 30.670886495833 Cm^4
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Hence, X = 3111.639 (unitless)
Pi = 3.1415926535898
E = Modulus of Elasticity, as per IS 801 is taken as 2074000 kgf/sqcm
Cb as per IS 801 can be taken conservatively assuming M1=0 (end span) 1.75
Fy = 2400 kg/sqcm
Hence Y = 14925.720 (unitless)
Hence, 0.18 Y = 2686.630
And, 0.9 Y = 13433.148
Comparing X with 0.18Y and 0.9Y, the applicable case is 2
Hence, Fb = 0.667Fy-Fy.X/(2.7Y)
= 1414.6889296355 kg/sqcm
= 141.469 N/sqmm
Basic Allowable Design Stress = 0.6Fy 1440 kg/sqcm
= 144 N/sqmm
Hence, allowable stress is calculated as lower of the two = 141.469 N/sqmm
DL+LL DL+WL1 DL+LL+WL2
Mxx/Zxx+Myy/Zyy 103.935 132.225 115.837 N/sqmm, calculated above
Allowed 141.469 188.154 188.154
Safety Ratio 0.735 0.703 0.616
Max. Safety Ratio 0.735 OK
Shear Stress in Web
As per clause 6.4.1 of IS 801,allowed maximum average shear stress Fv in kgf/sqcm is calculated as
Case 1: If h/t is less than 4590/sqrt(Fy), Fv=1275 x sqrt(Fy) / (h/t) 1275 x sqrt(Fy)/(h/t) = 735.223
Case 2: If h/t is more than 4590/sqrt(Fy), Fv=5850000 / (h/t)^2 5850000/(h/t)^2 = 810.518
Both are subject to maximum 0.4Fy 0.4Fy = 960
h 195.400 mm (Clear Depth between flanges = Depth – 2 x thickness)
t 2.300
Hence, h/t = 84.957
4590/sqrt(Fy) = 93.693
Hence, Case is : 1
Hence, Fv = to maximum of 0.4Fy
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hickness)
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= 735.223 kgf/sqcm
Actual Shear '=wl/2 Here, w = SQRT(Wn^2+Wt^2)
DL+LL 0.75(DL+WL1) 0.75(DL+LL+WL2)
Normal Load 1.179 -1.293 1.003 kN/m
Tangential Load 0.383 0.041 0.287 kN/m
w= 1.240 1.294 1.043 kN/m
Hence, Shear= 3.719 3.881 3.129 kN
Shear Stress fv=V/dt 8.275 8.636 6.962
Stress Ratio 0.113 0.117 0.095
Max. Shear Stress Ratio in Web 0.117
Hence OK
Bending Stress in Web
As per clause 6.4.2of IS 801 for the design check of allowable stress in combined shear and bending
Fbw = 36560000/(h/t)^2
Here, h/t already calculated above as 84.957
Hence, Fbw = 5065.388 kg/sqcm
506.539 N/sqmm
Basic Allowable Design Stress calculated earlier = 0.6Fy
144 N/sqmm
Hence, governing value for Fbw = 144 N/sqmm
Already calculated fbw = Mxx/Zxx since Zyy at web is very high (x=t/2, Z=I/x)
DL+LL DL+WL1 DL+LL+WL2
Mxx/Zxx 88.947 130.077 100.849 N/sqmm
Fbw 144 191.52 191.52
Safety Ratio 0.618 0.679 0.527
Max. Safety Ratio 0.679
In summary, Bending stresses in Web is: OK
Combined Shear and Bending Stresses in Web
As per clause 6.4.3 of IS 801 for the design check of allowable stress in combined shear and bending
SQRT((fbw/Fbw)^2+(fv/Fv)^2) must be less than 1
In this clause, Fbw is not restricted by 0.6Fy and Fv is not restricted by 0.4Fy
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DL+LL DL+WL1 DL+LL+WL2
Hence, Fbw = 506.539 673.697 673.697
And Fv = 735.223 977.847 977.847
Actual stresses already calculated are
fbw 88.947 130.077 100.849
fv= 8.275 8.636 6.962
fbw/Fbw 0.176 0.193 0.150
fv/Fv 0.011 0.009 0.007
SQRT of sum of square 0.176 0.193 0.150
Maximum Combined Stress Ratio in Web is 0.193
In summary, Combined stresses in Web is: OK
Result 3: Check for Stresses: OK
Overall Safety Ratio 0.735
Design Calculations: Deflection Check
Theoretical Deflection is calculated as (5/384) (wl^4/EI) for Simply Supported beam and (3/384) (wl^4/EI) for multiple spans
Here, number of spans = 3
Hence, formula to use = (3/384) (wl^4/EI)
w is normal component of unfactored distributed load in kN/m, max. of all load combinations
= 1.724 kN/m
L = Span of the Purlin 6.000 m
E = Modulus of Elasticity, as per IS 801 is taken as 2074000 kg/sqcm
= 207400 N/sqmm
I = Ixx 477.18 Cm^4
Hence, Theoretical Deflection = 17.64 mm
Allowable Deflection as IS codes is Span/180: 33.33 mm
Hence OK
As per MBMA, allowed deflection from Live load component must be within Span/240
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or multiple spans
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Span 6.000 m
or 6000 mm
Span/240 = 25.00 mm
Normal Component of Live Load 1.01 kN/m
Hence, deflection from Live Load = 10.333122965118
Hence OK
Result 4: Check for Deflection: OK
Results Summary
Section Properties OK? OK Based on Section 9 of BS:5950 Part 5 – 1998
OK Based on IS 801 Clause 5.2.2.1
Stresses Ok? OK
Critical Stress Factor 0.73
Deflection Check OK? OK
Hence, Overall: OK
Notes:
1. Section Properties Check based on Section 9 of B:5950 Part 5 is a guideline and not mandatory
2. Currently, this design only works if full width is effective. If full width is not effective,
this spreadsheet will report Failure in Stress Check
3. Not suitable currently for curved roofs.
4. Design is not suitable for varying spans of purlins (varying truss spacing)
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