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Physical Topology: - Where N Number of Nodes

The document discusses and compares different physical network topologies: 1) Mesh topology provides fully connected links between all devices but has high cabling and cost. Star and bus topologies require less cabling but are less robust. 2) Ring topology connects each device in a left-right arrangement via repeaters, providing easy installation and fault isolation but multi-hop communication. 3) Hybrid topologies like a star backbone within a ring combine advantages of different topologies for better robustness and lower cost.

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80 views11 pages

Physical Topology: - Where N Number of Nodes

The document discusses and compares different physical network topologies: 1) Mesh topology provides fully connected links between all devices but has high cabling and cost. Star and bus topologies require less cabling but are less robust. 2) Ring topology connects each device in a left-right arrangement via repeaters, providing easy installation and fault isolation but multi-hop communication. 3) Hybrid topologies like a star backbone within a ring combine advantages of different topologies for better robustness and lower cost.

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ve
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Physical Topology

• A) Mesh:

• Each device has dedicated point-to-point link


to other devices. Fully connected mesh will
have n( n-1)/ 2 F.D. links
– Where n = number of nodes
• Advantages: Fast communication, Robust and
Privacy (Security)
• Disadvantages: Cabling Space and cost
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Figure 1.5 A fully connected mesh topology (five devices)

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Physical Topology (cont..)
• B) Star:

• Devices are connected Point to Point to a


central “Hub” (Controller Exchanger)
• Advantages: Less cabling and H/W ports, two
hops only.
• Disadvantage: Not robust

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Figure 1.6 A star topology connecting four stations

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Figure 1.7 A bus topology connecting three stations

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– C) Bus:
• Multipoint link as “backbone” for a network
where devices have drop line to tap into the
bus

Advantage: Less Cabling


• Disadvantages: Topology dependent, limit
number of nodes on the bus due to signal
power loss with distance, not so
robust 6
Figure 1.8 A ring topology connecting six stations

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• C) Ring: Each device connects Point to Point
with only two other devices in a left and right
neighbors arrangement via a repeater.
• Advantages : easy installation, better fault
isolation and robustness.
• Disadvantages: N/2 hops communication

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Figure 1.9 A hybrid topology: a star backbone with three bus networks

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• D) Hybrid: • Pizza “star” inside a “ ring”
• Pros: Better robustness, still low cost, Delay is
1 hop (until the star is not with a ring cut, max
2. • Star of busses

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Categories of Networks:
• Local Area Networks (LAN): Few Kilometers
Connects devices (PCs, printers, servers.)
within the same room, building, company, and
campus.
• Topologies most used are bus, ring and star.

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