Teacher: Joel Cabusao Lacay

Educ’l Attainment: _________________________

Subject: Computer Hardware Servicing NC II
Topic: Computer Hardware
Module Content:
Lesson 1: Set-up Computer Networks
 6 TECHNICAL TERMS

 Active Hubs – amplify or boost signals

 Anti-Static – A product that prevents the build up of static electricity
 BIOS – Basic Input/Output System, chip that controls the most basic functions of the computer and performs a self-test every time you
turn it on.
 Flash drive– RAM that can retain data without electrical power. It is widely used for BIOS chips and for digital camera and digital music
storage.  Graphic tablet – objects are drawn using a pen or a puck. The puck is technically a tablet cursor, not a mouse
 Goggles – A large spectacles, with shields around the rims, for protecting the eyes from dust, excessive light, wind, etc.
 Hard-disk drive – is a storage device that stores billions of characters of data on a nonremovable disk.
 Hardware- refers to the tangible (things you can touch) components of a computer system. Hardware components are further divided
into three groups namely
 Host – any computer whether mainframe, server, or even PC that acts as an information source on a network.
 Intelligent Hubs – select which path a specific signal will travel
 Joy Stick - a hand-held control stick that allows a player to control the movements of a cursor on a computer screen or a symbol in a
video game .
 LAN Card – Local area network interface card.
 Laptop computer- A small, portable computer -- small enough that it can sit on your lap.
 Local Area Network- the smallest of the three network types, consist of PCs connected together within a limited area, such as within the
same building, floor or department.  Mainframe: A powerful multi-user computer capable of supporting many hundreds or thousands
of users simultaneously.
 Metropolitan Area Network – are network that spans no more than 50 miles. It is design to connect LANs spanning a town or city
 Minicomputer: A multi-user computer capable of supporting up to hundreds of users simultaneously.
 Metropolitan Area Network – is anetwork that spans no more than 50 miles. It is design to connect LANs spanning a town or city
 Motherboard – contains the CPU, BIOS, Memory, mass storage interfaces, serial and parallel ports, expansion slot and all the controllers
required to control standard peripheral devices such as the display screen, keyboard and disk drive
 Modem - (Modulator-Demodulator) The modem is a device that allows a given computer to share data or otherwise a device which let
computers exchange information
 Modular Hubs – are popular in networks because they are easily expanded and always have management option. It is purchased as
chassis, or card cage, with multiple card slots, each of which accepts a communication card, or module
 Multimedia- is the combination of different types of communication media (sound, print, video, and so on)
 Multitester- is an instrument use to measure voltage, current and resistance.
 NIC – Network Interface Card–The PC expansion board that plug into a personal computer or server and works with the network
operating system to control the flow of information over the network.
 Network – is a communications system connecting two or more computers.
 NetworkBridge – divides network into smaller, more manageable sections helping reduce network traffic.
 Network Hub - a hardware device that all PCs on a network are connected to by cabling. The hub manages receiving and transmitting
data from networked services.
 Network Server- is a powerful computer whose sole purpose is to serve network clients.
 Network Switch – It helps determine how data moves over large networks.
 Notebook computer an extremely lightweight personal computer that weighs weigh less than 6 pounds and are small enough to fit
easily in a briefcase.
 OHS – Occupational Health and Safety
 Operating System (Os) -software that controls the allocation and use of programs and data that a computer uses.
 Passive Hubs– simply connects various cables
 Personal computer: A small, single-user computer based on a microprocessor.
 Port hub /Port – is a connector on the back of a computer or other device. A port is either a serial port or a parallel port.
 Peers- mean any computer sharing the same protocol layer with another computer.
 Protocol – refers to the specific standards governing the sending and receiving of data.
 Repeater– a device that strengthen signals and allow then to stay clear over longer distances.
  Printer - It is a piece of hardware that produces a paper copy (also known as ‗hardcopy‘) of the information generated by the computer.
 RAM – Random Access Memory, is a primary memory. This memory is used inside the computer to hold programs and data while it is
running.  RJ 45 – is the connector plugged into the NIC ports on computers and often connecting the main networking hardware
together.
 Router – a device that forwards data packets between Local or Wide Area Network groups.
 Scanner- it is an input device that read text or illustration printed on paper, translates the information into a form that a computer can
use.
 Server – is a part of a network. It is a special computer that users on the network can asses to carry out a particular job.  Software –
programs and data that a computer uses.
 Software applications- enables you to perform specific tasks- solve problems, perform work, or entertain yourself.
 Stackable Hubs – work just like standalone hubs, except that several of them can be ―stacked‖ (connected) together, usually by short
lengths of cable.
 Standalone Hubs – are single products with a number of ports. It is usually include some method of linking them to other standalone
hubs for network expansion.
 Static – The discharge of electricity between two objects with different electrical potential
 Sub notebook computer - A portable computer that is slightly lighter and smaller than a full-sized notebook computer. Typically, sub
notebook computers have a smaller keyboard and screen, but are otherwise equivalent to notebook computers.
 UTP – (Unshielded Twisted Pair) least expensive and most popular network media.
 USB – Universal Serial Bus, a hardware interface for low-speed peripherals such as the keyboard, mouse, joystick, scanner, printer and
telephony devices.
 Video Camera - camera using videotape: a camera that records onto videotape
 Wide Area Network – used to distribute information thousand of miles among thousands of users.
 Wireless Hubs– are hubs designed for the home  Workstation- is any network computer that connects to and request resources from a
network

Install network cables Assessment Criteria:

1. Cable routes are determined and planned in accordance with network design and actual installation site.

2. Network materials necessary to complete the work are identified and obtained in accordance with established procedures and checked
against systems requirements

3. Tools, equipment and testing devices needed to carry out the installation work are obtained in accordance with established procedures and
checked for correct operation and safety

4. Appropriate personal protective equipment is used and OHS policies and procedures are followed 5. Copper cable

What is Network?

A network is a collection of computers and related equipment (printers, webcams, game consoles, etc.) connected so that data can move
between them. Even if you have a single computer, it looks to the Internet as part of a network. The Internet, then, is a network of networks.
The majority of networking, is done using the internet standard.

Three Basic Network Categories

 Local Area Network- the smallest of the three network types, consist of PCs connected together within a limited area, such as within the
same building, floor or department.
 Metropolitan Area Network – are network that spans no more than 50 miles. It is design to connect LANs spanning a town or city
 Wide Area Network – used to distribute information thousands of miles among thousands of users. Network Hardware
 Network Interface Card (NIC) – a printed circuit board, an adapter that plugs into the computer ‘s motherboard when connected with a
network cable, provides the physical link between your computer and the network.
 Network Hub – a hardware device that all PCs on a network are connected to by cabling. The hub manages receiving and transmitting
data from networked services.
 Wireless Hubs– are hubs designed for the home
Modular Hubs – are popular in networks because they are easily expanded and always have management option. It is purchased as chassis, or
card cage, with multiple card slots, each of which accepts a communication card, or module

3 Basic Hub Types

- Passive Hubs– simply connects various cables

- Active Hubs – amplify or boost signals - Intelligent Hubs – select which path a specific signal will travel

 Repeater – a device that strengthen signals and allow them to stay clear over longer distances.
 Network Bridge – divides network into smaller, more manageable sections helping reduce network traffic.
 Network Switch – It helps determine how data moves over large networks.
 Router – a device that forwards data packets between Local or Wide Area Network groups.

Write the letter of the correct answer. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering.

1. Which among the network hardware forwards data packets between Local or Wide Area Network groups.

a. Network Hubs c. Repeater b. Network Switch d. Router

2. A typical computer system consists of the following except

a. Central Processing Unit d. Output Device b. Input Device e. Storage Device c. Network Device

3. What network hardware strengthens signals and allows then to stay clear over longer distances?

a. Network Hubs c. Repeater b. Network Switch d. Router

4. Which of the following is the collection of computers and related equipment that are connected so that data can move between them.

a. Computer System c. Hardware b. Network d. Software

5. Which provides the physical link between your computer and the network

a. Network Hubs c. Network Switch b. Network Interface Cards d. Router

Configuration Topologies Network topologies have gone through many evolutions since the first network was introduced. After the development
of new technologies and methods, better, more efficient designs have been introduced.

three main topologies that are used:

1. Bus Network

2. Ring Network

3. Star Network BUS NETWORK A bus network is a line of computers connected together by a cable. The cable is called the bus. The bus must be
terminated at both ends. Data can flow between machines, and each machine has some of the software used by the entire network. This can
lead to data clashes if the same request is made at the same time by two machines. Ethernet uses a modified type of bus network. RING
NETWORK

A ring network is a bus network that has been attached at both ends.

Network Cable is the medium through which information usually moves from one network device to another. There are several types of cable
which are commonly used with LANs. In some cases, a network will utilize only one type of cable, other networks will use a variety of cable
types. The type of cable chosen for a network is related to the network's topology, protocol, and size. Understanding the characteristics of
different types of cable and how they relate to other aspects of a network is necessary for the development of a successful network.
Examples of network media:

 Unshielded Twisted Pair (UTP) Cable

 Shielded Twisted Pair (STP) Cable
 Coaxial Cable
 Fiber Optic Cable
 Wireless LANs
 Cable Installation Guides Unshielded Twisted Pair Connector The standard connector for unshielded twisted pair cabling is an RJ-45
connector. This is a plastic connector that looks like a large telephone-style

must be thinking as to who or what allocates this Dynamic IP address every time the device logs in. Well, these IP address are assigned using
DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol). Talking about DHCP in detail is beyond the scope of this article and we will take it up in a future
post.

42. DATE: Module : Setting-up computer networks Page Version 42 How to set a Static IP Address Normally, your computer‘s IP Address has a
dynamic IP Address. To find out your computer‘s Dynamic IP simply click the Start button, type cmd and press Enter. Then, enter the command
IPCONFIG and press Enter. To permanently set it as your Static IP 1. Right click on Wifi icon (Laptop) or LAN icon (PC) at the notification bar and
select Open Network and Sharing Center 2. Select Change adapter settings 3. Right click Local Area Connection and select Properties

43. DATE: Module : Setting-up computer networks Page Version 43 4. Select Internet Protocol Version 4 and click on Properties 5. Select Use the
following IP address and enter the following IP Addresses Note: If you change the default gateway and preferred DNS server, you will lose your
internet connection.