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NCERT Notes: DR BR Ambedkar (Modern Indian History For Upsc)

The document provides information about Dr. B. R. Ambedkar in 3 paragraphs. It states that he was the chairman of the drafting committee for the Indian constitution, making him the "Father of the Indian Constitution". It describes that he faced discrimination as an untouchable and advocated for Dalit rights, education, and representation. The summary concludes that he converted to Buddhism late in life and authored several influential books before passing away in 1956.

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304 views2 pages

NCERT Notes: DR BR Ambedkar (Modern Indian History For Upsc)

The document provides information about Dr. B. R. Ambedkar in 3 paragraphs. It states that he was the chairman of the drafting committee for the Indian constitution, making him the "Father of the Indian Constitution". It describes that he faced discrimination as an untouchable and advocated for Dalit rights, education, and representation. The summary concludes that he converted to Buddhism late in life and authored several influential books before passing away in 1956.

Uploaded by

Marianinu antony
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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NCERT Notes: Dr BR Ambedkar [Modern Indian History For

UPSC]
NCERT notes on important topics for the UPSC Civil Services Exam. These notes will also
be useful for other competitive exams like banking PO, SSC, state civil services exams and
so on. This article talks about Dr. B R Ambedkar. Candidates can also download the notes
PDF from the link given below.

Dr. BR Ambedkar (UPSC Notes):- Download PDF Here


Dr. B R Ambedkar (14 April 1891 – 6 December 1956)

 Popularly known as Baba Saheb. He was the Chairman of the Drafting Committee of
the Constituent Assembly and is called the ‘Father of the Indian Constitution’.
 He was a jurist and an economist. Born into a caste that was considered untouchable,
he faced many injustices and discrimination in society. He was born in Mhow in the
Central Provinces (modern-day Madhya Pradesh) to a Marathi family with roots in
Ambadawe town of Ratnagiri, Maharashtra.
 He was a brilliant student and had doctoral degrees in economics from Columbia
University and the London School of Economics.
 Ambedkar was against the caste-based discriminations in society and advocated the
Dalits to organise and demand their rights.
 He promoted the education of Dalits and made representations to the government in
various capacities in this regard. He was part of the Bombay Presidency Committee
that worked with the Simon Commission in 1925.
 He established the Bahishkrit Hitakarini Sabha to promote education and socio-
economic improvements among the Dalits. He started magazines like Mooknayak,
Equality Janta and Bahishkrit Bharat.
 In 1927, he launched active agitation against untouchability. He organised and
agitated for the right of Dalits to enter temples and to draw water from public water
resources. He condemned Hindu scriptures that he thought propagated caste
discrimination.
 He advocated separate electorates for the ‘Depressed Classes’, the term with which
Dalits were called at that time. He was in disagreement with Mahatma Gandhi at that
time since Gandhi was against any sort of reservation in the electorates. When the
British government announced the ‘Communal Award’ in 1932, Gandhi went on a
fast in Yerwada Jail. An agreement was signed between Gandhi and Ambedkar in the
jail whereby it was agreed to give reserved seats to the depressed classes within the
general electorate. This was called the Poona Pact.
 Ambedkar founded the Independent Labour Party (later transformed into the
Scheduled Castes Federation) in 1936 and contested in 1937 from Bombay to the
Central Legislative Assembly. He also contested from Bombay (north-central) after
independence in the country’s first general elections. But he lost both times.
 He also worked as Minister of Labour in the Viceroy’s Executive Council. After
independence, Ambedkar became the first Law Minister in 1947 under the Congress-
led government. Later he resigned due to differences with Jawaharlal Nehru on the
Hindu Code Bill.
 He was appointed to the Rajya Sabha in 1952 and remained a member till his death.
 He advocated a free economy with a stable Rupee. He also mooted birth control for
economic development. He also emphasised equal rights for women.
 A few months before he died, he converted to Buddhism in a public ceremony in
Nagpur and with him lakhs of Dalits converted to Buddhism.
 He authored several books and essays. Some of them are: The Annihilation of Caste,
Pakistan or the Partition of India, The Buddha and his Dhamma, The Evolution of
Provincial Finance in British India, Administration and Finance of the East India
Company, etc.
 Ambedkar considered the Right to Constitutional Remedy as the soul of the
constitution.
 Ambedkar died of ill health in 1956 at Delhi. He was cremated according to Buddhist
rites in Dadar and a memorial is constructed there. The place is called Chaitya
Bhoomi. His death anniversary is observed as Mahaparinirvan Din. His birth
anniversary is celebrated as Ambedkar Jayanti or Bhim Jayanti on 14 April every
year.

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