*13–4.

If the 50-kg crate starts from rest and achieves a velocity of P

v = 4 m>s when it travels a distance of 5 m to the right,
determine the magnitude of force P acting on the crate.
30⬚
The coefficient of kinetic friction between the crate and the
ground is mk = 0.3.

SOLUTION
Kinematics: The acceleration a of the crate will be determined first since its motion
is known.
(: + ) v2 = v 2 + 2a (s - s )
0 c 0

42 = 02 + 2a(5 - 0)

a = 1.60 m>s2 :

Free-Body Diagram: Here, the kinetic friction Ff = mkN = 0.3N is required to be

directed to the left to oppose the motion of the crate which is to the right, Fig. a.

Equations of Motion:

+ c ©Fy = may; N + P sin 30° - 50(9.81) = 50(0)

N = 490.5 - 0.5P

Using the results of N and a,

+ ©F = ma ;
: P cos 30° - 0.3(490.5 - 0.5P) = 50(1.60)
x x

P = 224 N Ans.
*13–20.

The 400-kg mine car is hoisted up the incline using the cable M
and motor M. For a short time, the force in the cable is
F = 13200t22 N, where t is in seconds. If the car has an v1 2 m/s
initial velocity v1 = 2 m>s when t = 0, determine its
velocity when t = 2 s.

SOLUTION 17
8
15

3200t2 - 40019.812 a b = 400a

8
Q+ ©Fx¿ = max¿ ; a = 8t2 - 4.616
17

dv = adt
v 2
dv = 18t 2 - 4.6162 dt
L2 L0

v = 14.1 m>s Ans.

*13–36.

The 2-lb collar C fits loosely on the smooth shaft. If the 15 ft/s
spring is unstretched when s = 0 and the collar is given a s
velocity of 15 ft> s, determine the velocity of the collar when C
s = 1 ft.

1 ft

SOLUTION k 4 lb/ft

Fs = kx; Fs = 4 A 21 + s2 - 1 B

+ ©F = ma ; s 2 dv
: x x -4 A 21 + s2 - 1 B ¢ ≤ = a b av b
21 + s 2 32.2 ds
1 v
4s ds 2
- ¢ 4s ds - ≤ = a b v dv
L0 21 + s 2 L15 32.2

1 1
- C 2s2 - 4 31 + s2 D 0 = A v2 - 152 B
32.2

v = 14.6 ft>s Ans.

*13–44.

When the blocks are released, determine their acceleration

and the tension of the cable. Neglect the mass of the pulley.

SOLUTION
Free-Body Diagram: The free-body diagram of blocks A and B are shown in Figs. b A
and c, respectively. Here, aA and aB are assumed to be directed downwards so that
10 kg
they are consistent with the positive sense of position coordinates sA and sB of
blocks A and B, Fig. a. Since the cable passes over the smooth pulleys, the tension in B
the cable remains constant throughout.
30 kg
Equations of Motion: By referring to Figs. b and c,

+ c ©Fy = may; 2T - 10(9.81) = -10aA (1)

and

+ c ©Fy = may; T - 30(9.81) = -30aB (2)

Kinematics: We can express the length of the cable in terms of sA and sB by referring
to Fig. a.

2sA + sB = l

The second derivative of the above equation gives

2aA + aB = 0 (3)

Solving Eqs. (1), (2), and (3) yields

aA = -3.773 m>s2 = 3.77 m>s2 c aB = 7.546 m>s2 = 7.55 m>s2 T Ans.

T = 67.92 N = 67.9 N Ans.

*13–56.

Cartons having a mass of 5 kg are required to move along

the assembly line at a constant speed of 8 m/s. Determine 8 m/s
the smallest radius of curvature, r, for the conveyor so the
cartons do not slip. The coefficients of static and kinetic ρ
friction between a carton and the conveyor are ms = 0.7 and
mk = 0.5, respectively.

SOLUTION
+ c ©Fb = m ab ; N - W = 0

N = W

Fx = 0.7W

+ ©F = m a ; W 82
; n n 0.7W = ( )
9.81 r

r = 9.32 m Ans.
*13–60.

At the instant u = 60°, the boy’s center of mass G has a

downward speed vG = 15 ft>s. Determine the rate of u
increase in his speed and the tension in each of the two
supporting cords of the swing at this instant. The boy has a
weight of 60 lb. Neglect his size and the mass of the seat 10 ft
and cords.

SOLUTION G
60
+ R©Ft = mat ; 60 cos 60° = a at = 16.1 ft>s2 Ans.
32.2 t

60 152
Q+ ©Fn = man ; 2T - 60 sin 60° = a b T = 46.9 lb Ans.
32.2 10
13–65.

Determine the constant speed of the passengers on the

4m
amusement-park ride if it is observed that the supporting
cables are directed at u = 30° from the vertical. Each chair
including its passenger has a mass of 80 kg. Also, what are
the components of force in the n, t, and b directions which
the chair exerts on a 50-kg passenger during the motion? 6m
b

u
t
SOLUTION
n
+ ©F = m a ; v2
; n n T sin 30° = 80( )
4 + 6 sin 30°

+ c ©Fb = 0; T cos 30° - 8019.812 = 0

T = 906.2 N

v = 6.30 m>s Ans.

16.3022
©Fn = m an ; Fn = 50( ) = 283 N Ans.
7
©Ft = m at; Ft = 0 Ans.

©Fb = m ab ; Fb - 490.5 = 0

Fb = 490 N Ans.
13–82.

The 800-kg motorbike travels with a constant speed of y

80 km > h up the hill. Determine the normal force the
surface exerts on its wheels when it reaches point A. A
Neglect its size. y2 2x

100 m

SOLUTION
dy 22 d2y 22
Geometry: Here, y = 22x1>2. Thus, = 1>2
and 2
= - 3>2 . The angle that
dx 2x dx 4x
the hill slope at A makes with the horizontal is
22
u = tan - 1 a b2
dy
= tan - 1 ¢ 1>2 ≤ 2 = 4.045°
dx x = 100 m 2x x = 100 m

The radius of curvature of the hill at A is given by

22 2 3>2
B1 + a b R
dy 2 3>2
B1 + a b R 1>2
dx 2(100 )
rA = 5 = = 2849.67 m
2
2
dy
2 22
2- 2
dx2 4(1003>2)
x = 100 m

Free-Body Diagram: The free-body diagram of the motorcycle is shown in Fig. (a).
Here, an must be directed towards the center of curvature (positive n axis).

Equations of Motion: The speed of the motorcycle is

v = a 80 ba ba b = 22.22 m>s
km 1000 m 1h
h 1 km 3600 s
v2 22.222
Thus, an = = = 0.1733 m>s2. By referring to Fig. (a),
rA 2849.67
R+ ©Fn = man; 800(9.81)cos 4.045° - N = 800(0.1733)

N = 7689.82 N = 7.69 kN Ans.

*14–16.

Determine the velocity of the 60-lb block A if the two

blocks are released from rest and the 40-lb block B moves
2 ft up the incline. The coefficient of kinetic friction
between both blocks and the inclined planes is mk = 0.10.

SOLUTION
Block A:
A
+a©Fy = may; NA - 60 cos 60° = 0 B

NA = 30 lb 60 30

FA = 0.1(30) = 3 lb

Block B:

+Q©Fy = may; NB - 40 cos 30° = 0

NB = 34.64 lb

FB = 0.1(34.64) = 3.464 lb

Use the system of both blocks. NA, NB, T, and R do no work.

T1 + ©U1-2 = T2

a b v2A + a bv2
1 60 1 40
(0 + 0) + 60 sin 60°|¢sA| - 40 sin 30°|¢sB| - 3|¢sA| -3.464|¢sB| =
2 32.2 2 32.2 B

2sA + sB = l

2¢sA = - ¢sB

When |¢sB| = 2 ft, |¢sA| = 1 ft

Also,

2vA = -vB

Substituting and solving,

vA = 0.771 ft>s Ans.

vB = -1.54 ft>s
*14–20.

The steel ingot has a mass of 1800 kg. It travels along the
conveyor at a speed v = 0.5 m>s when it collides with the 0.5 m
“nested” spring assembly. Determine the maximum 0.45 m
deflection in each spring needed to stop the motion of the kB kA
ingot. Take kA = 5 kN>m, kB = 3 kN>m. C
A

SOLUTION B

Assume both springs compress

T1 + ©U1 - 2 = T2

1 1 1
(1800)(0.5)2 - (5000)s2 - (3000)(s - 0.05)2 = 0
2 2 2

225 - 2500 s2 - 1500(s2 - 0.1 s + 0.0025) = 0

s2 - 0.0375 s - 0.05531 = 0

s = 0.2547 m 7 0.05 m (O.K!)

sA = 0.255 m Ans.

sB = 0.205 m Ans.
*14–28.

The cyclist travels to point A, pedaling until he reaches a y

speed vA = 4 m>s. He then coasts freely up the curved
surface. Determine how high he reaches up the surface
before he comes to a stop. Also, what are the resultant normal C
force on the surface at this point and his acceleration? The
total mass of the bike and man is 75 kg. Neglect friction, the x1/2 y1/2 2
mass of the wheels, and the size of the bicycle. 4m
B y x
SOLUTION 45 A
x
1 1
x + y = 2
2 2
4m
1 -1 1 1 dy
x 2 + y-2 = 0
2 2 dx
1
dy -x-2
= 1
dx y-2
T1 + ©U1 - 2 = T2

1
(75)(4)2 - 75(9.81)(y) = 0
2

y = 0.81549 m = 0.815 m Ans.

x1>2 + (0.81549)1>2 = 2

x = 1.2033 m

dy - (1.2033) - 1>2
tan u = = = -0.82323
dx (0.81549) - 1>2

u = -39.46°

Q+ ©Fn = m an ; Nb - 9.81(75) cos 39.46° = 0

Nb = 568 N Ans.

+R©Ft = m at ; 75(9.81) sin 39.46° = 75 at

a = at = 6.23 m>s2 Ans.

*14–72.

The 2-kg collar is attached to a spring that has an

unstretched length of 3 m. If the collar is drawn to point B
and released from rest, determine its speed when it arrives
at point A.
k = 3 N/m
3m

A B
SOLUTION
4m
Potential Energy: The initial and final elastic potential energy are
(3) A 232 + 42 - 3 B 2 = 6.00 J and (3)(3 - 3)2 = 0, respectively.The gravitational
1 1
2 2
potential energy remains the same since the elevation of collar does not change when it
moves from B to A.

Conservation of Energy:

TB + VB = TA + VA

1
0 + 6.00 = (2) v2A + 0
2

vA = 2.45 m s Ans.
*14–76.

The roller coaster car having a mass m is released from rest A

at point A. If the track is to be designed so that the car does
not leave it at B, determine the required height h. Also, find B
the speed of the car when it reaches point C. Neglect 7.5 m
friction. h
20 m

SOLUTION

Equation of Motion: Since it is required that the roller coaster car is about to leave
vB 2 vB 2
the track at B, NB = 0. Here, an = = . By referring to the free-body
rB 7.5
diagram of the roller coaster car shown in Fig. a,

vB 2
©Fn = ma n; m(9.81) = m ¢ ≤ vB 2 = 73.575 m2>s2
7.5

Potential Energy: With reference to the datum set in Fig. b, the gravitational
potential energy of the rollercoaster car at positions A, B, and C are
A Vg B A = mghA = m(9.81)h = 9.81mh, A Vg B B = mghB = m(9.81)(20) = 196.2 m,
and A Vg B C = mghC = m(9.81)(0) = 0.

Conservation of Energy: Using the result of vB 2 and considering the motion of the
car from position A to B,

TA + VA = TB + VB

mvA 2 + A Vg B A = mvB 2 + A Vg B B
1 1
2 2

1
0 + 9.81mh = m(73.575) + 196.2m
2

h = 23.75 m Ans.

Also, considering the motion of the car from position B to C,

TB + VB = TC + VC

mvB 2 + A Vg B B = mvC 2 + A Vg B C
1 1
2 2

1 1
m(73.575) + 196.2m = mvC 2 + 0
2 2

vC = 21.6 m>s Ans.

*14–92.

The 75-kg man bungee jumps off the bridge at A with an A

initial downward speed of 1.5 m>s. Determine the required
unstretched length of the elastic cord to which he is
attached in order that he stops momentarily just above the
surface of the water. The stiffness of the elastic cord is
k = 80 N>m. Neglect the size of the man. 150 m

SOLUTION B

Potential Energy: With reference to the datum set at the surface of the water, the
gravitational potential energy of the man at positions A and B are A Vg B A = mghA =
75(9.81)(150) = 110362.5 J and A Vg B B = mghB = 75(9.81)(0) = 0. When the man
is at position A, the elastic cord is unstretched (sA = 0), whereas the elastic cord
stretches sB = A 150 - l0 B m, where l0 is the unstretched length of the cord.Thus, the
elastic potential energy of the elastic cord when the man is at these two positions are
A Ve B A = ksA 2 = 0 and A Ve B B = ksB 2 = (80)(150 - l0)2 = 40(150 - l0)2.
1 1 1
2 2 2

Conservation of Energy:

TA + VA = TB + VB

mvA 2 + B a Vg b + A Ve B A R = mvB 2 + B aVg b + A Ve B B R

1 1
2 A 2 B

(75)(1.52) + A 110362.5 + 0 B = 0 + C 0 + 40(150 - l0)2 D

1
2

l0 = 97.5 m Ans.