Space Division Multiple Access (SDMA) : It Controls The Radiated Energy For Each User in Space
Space Division Multiple Access (SDMA) : It Controls The Radiated Energy For Each User in Space
Fig: A spatially filtered base station antenna serving different users by using spot
beams.
2. It can be seen from Fig above that SDMA serves different users by using spot
beam antennas. These different areas covered by the antenna beam may be served
by the same frequency (in a TDMA or CDMA system) or different frequencies (in
an FDMA system).
4. The reverse link presents the most difficulty in cellular systems for several
reasons. First, the base station has complete control over the power of all the
transmitted signals on the forward link. However, because of different radio
propagation paths between each user and the base station, the transmitted power
from each subscriber unit must be dynamically controlled to prevent any single
user from driving up the interference level for all other users. Second, transmit
power is limited by battery consumption at the subscriber unit, therefore there are
limits on the degree to which power may be controlled on the reverse link.
5. If the base station antenna is made to spatially filiter each desired user so that
more energy is detected from each subscriber, then the reverse link for each user
is improved and less power is required.
6. Adaptive antennas used at the base station (and eventually at the subscriber
units) promise to mitigate some of the problems on the reverse link. In the
limiting case of infinitesimal beamwidth and infinitely fast tracking ability,
adaptive antennas implement optimal SDMA, thereby providing a unique channel
that is free from the interference of all other users in the cell.
Advantages of SDMA :
1. It can be a purely optical signal path and therefore is capable of terabit / sec
throughput once the connection has been made.
Disadvantages of SDMA :
2. There are high insertion losses since each input must have the capability to be
split to any output.