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Tutorial 1: Atomic Structure and Bonding

This document contains 8 practice questions for a materials science tutorial on atomic structure and bonding. The questions cover topics like calculating the number of atoms in a sample of gold based on its mass and density, determining the empirical formula of a compound based on the percentages of elements, calculating the energy and wavelength of photons emitted during electron transitions or X-ray emissions, and using the electron gas model to explain properties of metallic bonding such as electrical/thermal conductivity and ductility.

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Abood Atiyat
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44 views

Tutorial 1: Atomic Structure and Bonding

This document contains 8 practice questions for a materials science tutorial on atomic structure and bonding. The questions cover topics like calculating the number of atoms in a sample of gold based on its mass and density, determining the empirical formula of a compound based on the percentages of elements, calculating the energy and wavelength of photons emitted during electron transitions or X-ray emissions, and using the electron gas model to explain properties of metallic bonding such as electrical/thermal conductivity and ductility.

Uploaded by

Abood Atiyat
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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KXEX1110: Basic Materials Science Semester II, 2013/2014

Lecturer: Dr. Wong Yew Hoong


Tutorial 1: Atomic Structure and Bonding

1. What is the mass in grams of one atom of gold? How many atoms are there in 1 g of gold?

2. A gold wire is 0.70 mm in diameter and 8.0 cm in length. How many atoms does it

contain? The density of gold is 19.3 g/cm3.

3. A solder alloy contains 52 wt% tin and 48 wt% lead. What are the atomic percentages of

Sn and Pb in the solder?

4. An intermetallic compound has the chemical formula MgxAly, where x and y are simple

integers, and consists of 15.68 wt% magnesium and 84.32 wt% aluminum. What is the

empirical formula of this intermetallic compound?

5. A hydrogen atom exists with its electron in the n = 4 state. The electron undergoes a

transition to the n = 3 state. Calculate (a) the energy of the photon emitted, (b) its

frequency, (c) its wavelength in nanometers (nm).

6. In a commercial X-ray generator, a stable metal such as tungsten (W) is exposed to an

intense beam of high energy electrons. These electrons cause ionization events in the

metal atoms. When the metal atoms regain their ground state, they emit X-rays of

characteristic energy and wavelength. For example, a tungsten atom struck by a high

energy electron may lose one of its K shell electrons. When this happens, another electron,

probably from the tungsten L shell will fall into the vacant site in the K shell. If such a 2p

 1s transition occurs in tungsten, a tungsten K  x-ray is emitted. A tungsten K  x-ray

has a wavelength  of 0.2138 nm. What is its energy? What is its frequency?

7. If the attractive force between a pair of Sr2+ and O2- ions is 1.29 × 10-8 N and the ionic

radius of the O2- ions is 0.132 nm, calculate the ionic radius of the Sr2+ ion in nanometers.

8. (a) How can the high electrical and thermal conductivities of metals be explained by the

“electron gas model” of metallic bonding? (b) How can the ductility of metals be

explained by the “electron gas model” of metallic bonding?

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