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Trigonometry Formulas Are Essential For

Trigonometry deals with angles, lengths, and heights of triangles and geometric figures. Important trigonometric formulas relate the measurements of angles to the lengths of sides in right triangles. These formulas are essential for solving problems in trigonometry, geometry, and for competitive exams. Some key formulas include the definitions of sine, cosine, and tangent as ratios of sides of a right triangle, as well as the Pythagorean theorem.

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Ina Suelen Penales
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454 views

Trigonometry Formulas Are Essential For

Trigonometry deals with angles, lengths, and heights of triangles and geometric figures. Important trigonometric formulas relate the measurements of angles to the lengths of sides in right triangles. These formulas are essential for solving problems in trigonometry, geometry, and for competitive exams. Some key formulas include the definitions of sine, cosine, and tangent as ratios of sides of a right triangle, as well as the Pythagorean theorem.

Uploaded by

Ina Suelen Penales
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Trigonometry is a branch of mathematics that

deal with angles, lengths and heights of


triangles and relations between different parts
of circles and other geometrical figures.
Trigonometric Ratios and identities are very
useful and learning the below formulae help in
solving the problems better.

Trigonometry formulas are essential for


solving questions in Trigonometry Ratios and
Identities in Competitive Exams.
Pythagorean theorem, the well-known
Trigonometric Ratio - relationship between the geometric theorem that the sum of the squares
measurement of the angles and the length of
on the legs of a right triangle is equal to the
the side of the right triangle. These formulas
relate lengths and areas of particular circles or square on the hypotenuse (the side opposite
triangles. On the next page you’ll find identities. the right angle)—or, in familiar algebraic
The identities don’t refer to particular geometric notation, (P)2 + (B)2 = (H)2
figures but hold for all angles. Applying Pythagoras theorem for the given
right-angled theorem, we have:
Trigonometry Formulas
(Perpendicular)2 + (Base)2 = (Hypotenuse)2
 Formulas for arcs and sectors of
circles ⇒ (P)2 + (B)2 = (H)2
You can easily find both the length of an arc
and the area of a sector for an angle θ in a The trigonometric properties are given below
circle of radius r.

Length of an arc. The length of the arc is just


the radius r times the angle θ where the angle
is measured in radians. To convert from
degrees to radians, multiply the number of
degrees by π/180. Arc = rθ.

Trigonometric Formulas - Right Angle


The most important formulas for
trigonometry are those for a right triangle.
If θ is one of the acute angles in a
triangle, then the sine of theta is the ratio
of the opposite side to the hypotenuse,
the cosine is the ratio of the adjacent side
to the hypotenuse, and the tangent is the
ratio of the opposite side to the adjacent
side.
Reciprocal Relations

Square Law Formulas


Let us assume an angle of θ1 lying in the 1st
quadrant and an angle θ in quadrant one and
two combined.

So let us see how signs change with respect to


the quadrant they lie in.

In Q1 all Trigonometric Ratios are positive.


(Angles between 00 – 900)

Along with the knowledge that the two acute In Q2 all trigonometric ratios of sinθ and cosecθ
angles are complementary, that is to say, they are positive. (Angles between 90 0 – 1800)
add to 90°, you can solve any right triangle:
In Q3 all trigonometric ratios of cosθ and secθ
 If you know two of the three sides, you are positive. (Angles between 180 0 – 2700)
can find the third side and both acute
angles. In Q4 all trigonometric ratios of tanθ and cotθ
are positive. (Angles between 270 0 – 3600)
 If you know one acute angle and one of
the three sides, you can find the other
acute angle and the other two sides.
θ is the angle made between the x-axis and the
Signs of Trigonometric Ratios line, in the anti-clockwise direction. If we move
in the clockwise direction, the angle will be
A lot of trigonometry formulas are based on the taken as – θ. We know that in quadrant 4, only
signs of trigonometric ratios, based on the cosθ and secθ will be positive, the others will be
quadrants they lie in. Therefore it becomes negative, therefore-
extremely essential for us to understand how
trigonometric ratios get the positive or negative
sign. The sign is based on the quadrant in  Sin (– θ) = - Sin θ
which the angle lies.  Cos (– θ) = Cos θ
 Tan (– θ) =- Tan θ
 Sec (– θ) = - Sec θ
 Cot (– θ) = - Cot θ
We need to understand that trigonometric ratios
would change for angles- 90o ± θ and 270o ± θ Trigonometry Formulas |
and they will remain same for 180o ± θ and Sum and Difference of Angles
360o ± θ. Let’s see what happens when we add
or subtract θ from 90o ± θ and 270o ± θ

 Sec (90o + θ ) = Cos θ


 Cot (90o - θ ) = Cos θ
 Tan (90o + θ ) = - Cot θ
 Tan (90o - θ ) = Cot θ
 Sec (90o + θ ) = Cosec θ Trigonometry Formulas |
 Sec (90o + θ ) = Cosec θ Double Angle Formulas
 Sin (270o - θ ) = - Cos θ
 Sin (270o - θ ) = - Cos θ

This is because any angle that is 2700+θ will


fall in quadrant 4 and in this quadrant only
trigonometric ratios of cos and sec are positive.
So the above will be negative. 2700-θ will fall in
the quadrant 3 and in this quadrant
trigonometric ratios of tan and cot are positive,
so it will again be negative. For 180o ± θ and for
360o ± θ, the signs will remain the same.
Trigonometry Formulas |
 Sin (360o + θ ) = Sin θ Triple Angle Formulas
 Sin (360o - θ ) = - Sin θ

For 3600+θ, the angle will complete one full


rotation and then lie in quadrant 1 where all
trigonometric ratios are positive. So there are 2
important things to remember-
 The sign of the trigonometric ratios
change based on the value of θ.
 sin becomes cos and cos becomes sin
for 900+θ and for 2700+θ and it remains
the same for 1800+θ Trigonometry Formulas |
Converting Product into Sum and
and for 3600+θ. Difference

Trigonometry Formulas |
Trigonometric Identities

After looking at the trigonometric ratios, let us


move on to trigonometric identities, which are
the basics of most trigonometry formulas. The
above identities hold true for any value of θ.
Trigonometry Formulas | Complex relations
Values of Trigonometric Ratios

Periodicity and Periodic Identities


Complimentary angle

Negative arguments

Half angle identities

Reciprocal arguments
CBSE Sample Papers NCERT Solutions LearnCBSE.in

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