0% found this document useful (0 votes)
219 views37 pages

Aero Final Booklet First Semester 2020

This document provides information about Parul Institute of Engineering & Technology-DS 1st Shift's Aeronautical Engineering Department. It includes messages from the university president and heads of the aeronautical engineering department welcoming new students. It also provides details about the university's vision, mission, infrastructure, and different support cells including the Social Responsive Cell and International Relations Cell. The document appears to be an informational handbook for new aeronautical engineering students at the university.

Uploaded by

Vijay Makawana
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
0% found this document useful (0 votes)
219 views37 pages

Aero Final Booklet First Semester 2020

This document provides information about Parul Institute of Engineering & Technology-DS 1st Shift's Aeronautical Engineering Department. It includes messages from the university president and heads of the aeronautical engineering department welcoming new students. It also provides details about the university's vision, mission, infrastructure, and different support cells including the Social Responsive Cell and International Relations Cell. The document appears to be an informational handbook for new aeronautical engineering students at the university.

Uploaded by

Vijay Makawana
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 37

PARPARUL

UL ININSTITUTE ENGINEERIN&G TECHNOLOGY-DS


STITUTE OOFF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOG1Y (SHIFT
DS) ST

DEPARTMENT OF AERONAUTICAL ENGINEERING

STUDENT
INFORMATION
HANDBOOK
SEMESTER 1

DIV-P

DEPARTMENT OF AERONAUTICAL
ENGINEERING

BATCH 2020
2020

P . O . L I M D A , T A . W A G H1O D I A , D I S T V A D O D A R A
AERONAUTICAL
P H . 0ENGINEERING
2 6 6 8 - 2 6 0 DEPARTMENT
340.
PARUL INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY-DS 1ST SHIFT

About University
Parul University is an established university established under Gujarat Private University Act 2009,
after legislation passed by the Government of Gujarat on 26th March 2015 giving University status
to Parul Group of Institutes functioning under the aegis of Parul Arogya Seva Mandal Trust. Parul
University is an amalgamation on 34 Institutes offering, 250+ programs, 150+ acre fully equipped
campus housing 28000+ students, 900+ International Students from 49 Countries, 2000+ faculty
members & providing in-campus residential facility to 7000+ students making it India’s Premier
Multidisciplinary University. Nevertheless, the fact is that it is the only institution in Gujarat to have
110+ faculty members from reputed organizations such as IITs & NITs. Parul University has various
support cells which facilitate 360-degree learning and career building opportunity during the
learning period as well as after the completion, Research & Development Cell, Entrepreneurship
Development
Cell, Career Development Cell, Training & Placement Cell, International Relations Cell, International
Students’ Affair Cell, Department of Events & Media Relations, Students’ Council and Alumni
Association to name a few. Campus is an immaculate blend of youth under the guidance of
experienced academicians creating serene academic ambience of teaching, learning, knowledge &
innovation for all the stake holders.

Vision
To contribute towards generating resources and means for the betterment of humanity through
quality educational Services, active participation in community services and establishment of
institutions to sensitize all stakeholders Towards “Inclusive India, Progressive India.”

Mission

To make a difference in the lives of those living in rural region by equipping them with the means
and resources to empower not only their families but also the entire region.

2
AERONAUTICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT
PARUL INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY-DS 1ST SHIFT

Message by Dr. Devanshu Patel,


Hon. President, Parul University

Parul Group of Institutions under an Act of State Legislature viz., Gujarat Private Universities
Act, 2009 and Gujarat Private Universities (Second Amendment) Act, 2015 became Parul
University on April 21, 2015. I am pleased to state that our journey from PGI to PU has been
challenging, fulfilling and satisfactory as Parul University has succeeded in attracting 25,000
students in pursuing their studies in its 32 educational institutions of which around 800 are
foreign students from 49 different countries. Our commitment to provide quality education in
various fields coupled with state-of-the-art infrastructural facilities and highly qualified faculty
members has yielded rich dividend as several of our students have achieved laurels in their
professional and entrepreneurial journey and have credited Parul University for equipping them
with the requisite skill sets, knowledge and adequate practical exposure helping them carving
niche for themselves. It is my privilege to extend a warm welcome to our ignited minds to come
and find their calling at Parul University.

1
AERONAUTICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT
PARUL INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY-DS 1ST SHIFT

Message by Prof. Ruchi Shrivastava,


Principal,
Parul Institute of Engineering & Technology
(Diploma Studies)
Science and Technology are changing rapidly and they are shaping many of the key developments
in modern society.A well chosen engineering diploma programme will help to develop the
positive qualities sought by employers the World over and will give the opportunity to lead
scientific technological resource developments. Knowledge has to be mellowed with a kind heart
which will impart knowledge for the welfare of the society as awhole. This is what we intend to
do at our Parul Institute Of Engineering Technology-Diploma studies (PIET-DS).There are many
factors on which good institution must pay attention for the all round development of the
students, staff and ultimately of the institute. Some of the factors are infrastructure facilities,
Lab. Equipments, Library facilities,Student-teacher ratio and human resources, adequate facilities
for teaching learning process, training to the teachers, Research and development, Industry
Institute interactions, Social services etc. I am happy to state that our position on all above fronts
is very good and improving with experience. Finally we all staff & students adhere to our
objective and try to make our institute as a role model in all walks of life.

Message by Head of Department,


Prof. Ankit Patel,
Head of Aeronautical Engineering

Welcome to the department of Aeronautical engineering, it is an honour for me to welcome the


keen learning generation of modern India to a prestigious form of knowledge. This department
has very strong Diploma graduate program. The department program is focused on providing not
only the technical knowledge but also to encourage the student to be more innovative. The
department emphasizes the development of technical skill and critical thinking. The teaching
philosophy of institute is to ensure the environment is making the learner grasp the knowledge.
The feedback system in the interactive session helps in analyzing each student adaption and
gripping ability. I, congratulate the teaching and non teaching staff and students for their brilliant
effort in making the department. I wish all of you great academic career ahead. Thank you for
visiting us.

2
AERONAUTICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT
PARUL INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY-DS 1ST SHIFT

University Infrastructure Detail

HOSTEL UNIVERSITY OFFICE CAFETERIAS & CANTEEN

LIBRARIES & READING ROOM TEMPLE SPORT COMPLEX

AUDITORIUM GYMNASIUM SEMINAR HALL

TRANSPORT AND PARKING


HI-TECH CLASSROOM HEALTHCARE FACILITIES

3
AERONAUTICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT
PARUL INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY-DS 1ST SHIFT

Different Cells at Parul University

Social Responsive Cell


Sensitizing people by making them responsible toward
the needs of the fellow human beings in one’s
surrounding is the first step to achieve the objective of
better tomorrow. To improve quality of life & overall
well being of communities by taking up sustainable
need based initiatives with holistic approach, the
University established Social Responsive Cell (SRC)
with its official launch on 6th September, 2016 to fulfill
University’s obligation towards its own people like
staff and students as well as the community
surrounding the campus and nearby places. The goal of SRC is to respond to the needs of the
society in its surroundings and implement sustainable drives. The persons contributing to the
activities of the cell does so, on a purely voluntary basis without expecting any gainful returns. The
other functions of SRC is collaboration with Industries and NGOs for various projects and generate
funds for activities

International Relation Cell


The International Relations Cell is responsible for
administering and facilitating international academic
service-engagement at Parul University. This
department serves as a nodal point for all strategic
Campus activities and engagements that are
international in nature. The department is involved in
Initiating dialogue and establishing relations with
foreign academic and/or research institutions and
similar bodies, Collaborating with them and
organizing visits of subject experts & students from
foreign countries, Mediating and facilitating student and faculty exchange program, Locally
organizing and managing international programs with coordination of both Event Management
Cell and concerned College/s on campus. Informing higher education aspirants (students) on Parul
Campus of local (Indian) as well as foreign Government Grants, schemes, scholarships, etc.

Armed Forces Motivational Cell


Armed Forces Motivational Cell is an unique part of
Parul University where we focus in imbibing the spirit
of Discipline and Patriotism. Well qualified Naval
officer and Army officer is handling the responsibility
of motivating, guiding by lectures/Motivational
movies/discussions/Guest lectures by Armed forces
Officers and giving an insight of Armed Forces by
4
AERONAUTICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT
PARUL INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY-DS 1ST SHIFT

arranging visits in various Army, Navy and Airforce stations. We strive to inculcate values of
discipline, integrity, courage, duty, respect, moral and ethical values among the young generation
of Parul University. We prepare them for joining as officers in Indian Armed Forces and mentoring
them to crack Service Selection Board. Our Endeavour is also to start all three wings of NCC within
the Campus.

Career Development Cell


Career Development Cell is an exceptional fragment
of Parul University, where we emphasis on overall
development of an individual above academics.
Highly Qualified Trainers of CDC regularly conduct
seminars and workshops on Personality
Development, Behavioral Skills, Etiquette and
Manners, Career Planning, Effective Communication
Skills, Resume building and Interview Techniques.
The body of CDC comprises of more than 50 highly
qualified trainers.We have intended demand driven curriculum, meeting the needs of level of
students keeping in mind the requirements of the corporate arena. Regular sessions are
conducted in all the Faculties of the University to instill the designed curriculum.

Entrepreneurship Development Cell


The Entrepreneurship Development cell is the
creative hub at Parul University that nurtures the
entrepreneurial Endeavour’s of all students, with
complete support from the EDC department; the
EDC has some of the most successful entrepreneurs
in the country on board helping students make their
dreams into reality. The EDC is committed to
assisting students in every stage of the lifecycle of
an enterprise– right from inspiration, ideation and
initiation, to incubation, investments and
internationalization for both mainstream innovations as well as ventures around social innovation
and sustainability.EDC at Parul University is having an organized structure with expert team
chaired by Provost, Vice-President and President, as well as a core committee with mature and
highest level of business sense; cross-sector expertise is the major criterion for mentoring and
nurturing of idea to start-up.

Women Development Cell


Gender equity, including protection from sexual
harassment and right to work with dignity is
universally recognized basic human rights.
Eradication of social evils has been the Principle aim
of Constitution of India. Article 15 of the
Constitution of India prohibits discrimination on
grounds of religion, race, caste, sex, or place of
birth. The WDC Cell is indulge in different activities

5
AERONAUTICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT
PARUL INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY-DS 1ST SHIFT

such as create awareness among the women employees and students regarding their rights and
privileges, through workshops, seminars, special talks, etc.To act as a platform for receiving
complaints of any nature from women employees and students of the university, To analyze the
complaints received with the help of suitable evidences and also existing laws and to recommend
suitable measures to the University for Implementation and To act as forum for the women
employees and students of the university to have frank free and fair discussion

Training and Placement Cell


The Training and Placement Cell of Parul University
provides guidance and all the assistance to the
students in order to achieve their career goals. The
Objective of the placement cell is to facilitate the
process of placement & ensure that each eligible
student gets an opportunity in the industries. The
college is in the process of signing MOUs with
many industrial organizations and industrial
chambers to provide some of the best placements
in India. The Training& Placement cell emphasizes
extensively on the training aspect of the students right from the first year itself. The main
objective is to To mould the students to meet the corporate expectation and place them in
reputed companies based on the expected job profiles of each student.Create awareness among
students regarding available career options and help them in identifying their career objectives.

Student Activity Centre


College Campus life is the most treasured time of
everyone’s life. Well, we have taken some special
measures to ensure that students create life time
memories during their most treasured time. We
have come up with a concept of PU hang-outs and
Student Activity Centres which will make the
Campus life of students more enriching.

Department of Events
The Balance Both Education and Joy. The Campus
is filled with vibrant events and co – curricular
activities round the year. All Festivals, irrespective
of religion, are celebrated to the fullest.
Breathtaking concerts and mesmerizing celebrity
visits make #Life at PU a worth while experience.
Annual technical and Cultural festivals help all the
students to make memories for a life time

6
AERONAUTICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT
PARUL INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY-DS 1ST SHIFT

About Aeronautical Engineering Department


Aeronautical Engineering Department was established in 2015. The educational objective of
Aeronautical Engineering course is to produce competent engineers who are ready to contribute
effectively to the advancement of aeronautical engineering and to accommodate the needs of the
community. The objective of the department is to give students a broad exposure to all the areas
of Aeronautical Engineering and moulding them to be technically competitive and place them
ahead in the race for quality employment and to enable the students to acquire practical
experience in Aeronautical Engineering discipline through design projects and opportunities to
work with faculty in research. The department works in the direction of create future engineers
and innovators in order to make substantial contribution to the society of Aeronautical Engineers.
Aeronautical engineering is one of the highly ambitious and challenging fields of study in
Engineering and Technology with a very broad range for career growth where one can solve
problems related to the science and technology of aircrafts and other flying vehicles and come up
with unique solutions to the problem. Aeronautical Engineering Course imparts multi-faceted
training to students in areas like manufacturing and development of aircrafts and missiles.

AERODYNAMICS LAB

7
AERONAUTICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT
PARUL INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY-DS 1ST SHIFT

AIRCRAFT PROPULSION LAB

AIRCRAFT STRUCTURE LAB

8
AERONAUTICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT
PARUL INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY-DS 1ST SHIFT

AIRCRAFT INSTRUMENTS AND SYSTEM LAB

AEROMODELLING LAB

9
AERONAUTICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT
PARUL INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY-DS 1ST SHIFT

List of Faculties at Aeronautical Engineering Department

Sr.No. Name Contact No Mail Address Photo

pietds1aeronauticalhod@parulunive
1 Ankit Patel 9978225359
rsity.ac.in

2
9723615801 [email protected]
Karnail Saini

rakshit.thakor270112@paruluniversi
3 Rakshit Thakor 9426432946
ty.ac.in

[email protected]
4 9974065420
n
Krunal Kayasth

[email protected]
5 9624823920
Vijay Makwana n

10
AERONAUTICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT
PARUL INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY-DS 1ST SHIFT

Teaching Scheme & Syllabus


TEACHING SCHEME 1ST SEMESTER

PARUL INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY - DIPLOMA STUDIES


PO. Limda, Tal. Waghodia, Vadodara - 391760
Teaching Scheme for Diploma in Aeronautical Engineering
FIRST YEAR - Diploma in Aeronautical Engineering
SEMESTER - I
TEACHING
EXAMINATION SCHEME
SUBJECT SCHEME CREDIT
S.N SUBJECT THEORY PRACTICAL
CODE (L+P+T) TOTAL
L T P
ESE PA ESE PA MARKS

1 3310101 APPLIED PHYSICS 3 0 2 5 70 30 20 30 150

APPLIED
2 3310102 4 2 0 6 70 30 0 0 100
MATHEMATICS-I

3 3300002 ENGLISH 3 2 0 5 70 30 20 30 150

BASIC ENGINEERING
4 3300007 2 0 4 6 70 30 40 60 200
DRAWING
ENVIRONMENT
CONSERVATION AND
5 3300003 3 0 0 3 70 30 0 0 100
HAZARD
MANAGEMENT
ENGINEERING
6 3301901 WORKSHOP 0 0 4 4 0 0 40 60 100
PRACTICES
TOTAL 15 4 10 29 350 150 120 180 800

DE AERO SEM-1 DETAIL SYLLABUS (3310101) APPLIED PHYSICS

Total credit Examination scheme


Teaching Scheme Theory Practical Marks
Marks Total Marks
Theory Tutorial Practical c ESE PA ESE PA
3 0 2 5 70 30 20 30 150

UNIT – I UNITS & MEASUREMENTS


Need of measurement and unit in engineering and science, definition of unit, requirements of standard
unit, systems of units-CGS, MKS and SI, fundamental and derived quantities and their units Least count and
range of instrument, least count of vernier caliper, micrometer screw gauge, Definition of accuracy,
precision and error, estimation of errors -absolute error, relative error and percentage error, rules and
identification of significant figures. (Numerical on above topics).
UNIT– II FORCE AND MOTION
Recapitulation of equations of motion, Newton’s Ist law of motion, Force, basic forces in motion,
gravitational force, electrostatic force, electromagnetic force, nuclear force, Inertia, types of inertia (inertia
11
AERONAUTICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT
PARUL INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY-DS 1ST SHIFT
of rest, inertia of motion, inertia of direction ), Momentum, Newton’s IInd law of motion, measurement of
force using second law, simple problems on F = ma and equations of motion, Impulse of force, Impulse as
the product of force and time, impulse as the difference of momentum, examples of impulse, simple
problems on impulse, Newtons IIIrd law of motion and its examples. Law of conservation of momentum,
Statement, simple problems(Numerical on above topics)
UNIT–III GENERAL PROPERTIES OF MATTER
Elasticity -Deforming force, restoring force, elastic and plastic body, and stress and strain with their types.
Elastic limit, Hooke’s law, Young’s modulus, bulk modulus, modulus of rigidity and relation between them
(no derivation), stress strain diagram. Behavior of wire under continuously increasing load, yield point,
ultimate stress, breaking stress, factor of safety.
Surface Tension. -Molecular force, cohesive and adhesive force, Molecular range, sphere of influence,
Laplace’s molecular theory, Definition of surface tension and its S.I. unit, angle of contact, capillary action
with examples, shape of meniscus for water and mercury, relation between surface tension , capillary rise
and radius of capillary (no derivation),effect of impurity and temperature on surface tension
Viscosity-Fluid friction, viscous force, Definition of viscosity, velocity gradient, Newton’s law of viscosity,
coefficient of viscosity and its S.I. unit, streamline and turbulent flow with examples, critical velocity,
Reynolds’s number and its significance, free fall of spherical body through viscous medium (no derivation),
up thrust force, terminal velocity, Stokes law (statement and formula) (Numerical on Above topics)
UNIT– IV HEAT TRANSFER
Three modes of transmission of heat -conduction, convection and radiation, good and bad conductor of
heat with examples, law of thermal conductivity, coefficient of thermal conductivity and its S.I. unit.
Heat capacity and specific heat of materials Celsius, Fahrenheit and Kelvin temperature scales and their
conversion formula. (Numerical on above topics)
UNIT– V WAVES AND SOUND
Definition of wave motion, amplitude, period, frequency, and wavelength, relation between velocity,
frequency and wavelength, longitudinal and transverse wave, principle of superposition of waves,
definition of resonance with examples, Formula for velocity of sound in air and various factors affecting it
Ultrasonic Waves Definition, Properties of ultrasonic waves Uses of ultrasonic waves. Acoustics Of Building
Importance of Reverberation, Reverberation time, Optimum time of Reverberation, Coefficient of
absorption of Sound, Sabine’s formula for Reverberation time, Factors affecting Reverberation time and
acoustics of building.(Numerical on above topics)
UNIT– VI MODERN PHYSICS
Light :Properties Of Light, Electromagnetic spectrum, Reflection, refraction, snell’s law, diffraction,
polarization, interference of light, constructive and destructive interference (Only definitions),physical
significance of refractive index, dispersion of light. (Numericals on above topics)
LASER : Introduction, Characteristics of laser radiation, Spontaneous and stimulated emission, Working of
LASER with basic idea about Population, Inversion, Pumping mechanism, Optical Resonators Nd:YAG
LASER, Applications of LASER: Medical, Industrial,Communication and other.
FIBER OPTICS:Introduction of Optical Fiber, Advantages of Optical Fiber, Total Internal Reflection,
Numerical Aperture and Acceptance angle, Modes of Propagation, Types of Optical Fiber, Applications of
optical fiber.
UNIT– VII NANOPHYSICS
Nanoscale, Surface to volume ratio, Surface effects on Nanomaterials, Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology,
Unusal properties of Nanomaterials, Disadvantages of Nanomaterials, Carbon Nanotubes: Introduction,
Structure, Synthesis, Properties and applications Applications of Nanomaterial’s

TEXTBOOK:-
1. Engineering Physics: by R. K. Gaur and S. L. Gupta, Dhanpat Rai Publications (P) Ltd.

12
AERONAUTICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT
PARUL INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY-DS 1ST SHIFT

DE AERO SEM-1 DETAIL SYLLABUS (3310102) APPLIED MATHEMATICS-I

Total credit Examination scheme


Teaching Scheme Theory Practical Marks
Total
Marks
Marks
Theory Tutorial Practical c ESE PA ESE PA
4 2 0 6 70 30 0 0 100

UNIT – I LOGARITHM
Concept, Rules and related Examples. Solve simple problems using concepts of Logarithms
UNIT– II DETERMINANTS AND MATRICES
Idea of Determinant and Matrix, Types of Matrices, Addition/Subtraction ,Product, Inverse of matrices (
up to 3X3 matrix) Solution of Simultaneous Linear Equations(up to three variables)
UNIT– III TRIGONOMETRY
Measures of Angles, Allied & Compound Angles, Graph of Sine and Cosine, Periodic functions, Sum and
Factor formula, Multiple – Submultiples angles, Inverse trigonometric function.
UNIT– IV SEQUENCES AND SERIES
Introduction, Arithmetic Progression, Arithmetic Series, Geometric Progression, Geometric Series,
Arithmetic Mean and Geometric Mean.
UNIT– V VECTORS
Basic concept of Vector and Scalar, Addition & Subtraction of Vectors, scalar and vector Product,
Geometric meaning of Scalar and Vector Product, Angle between two vectors, Applications of Dot
(scalar) and Cross (vector) Product, Work done and Moment of Force.
UNIT – VI CO-ORDINATE GEOMETRY
Point :Distance Formula, Mid-point, Locus of a point, Straight Line : Forms of Equation of St Lines, Slope
Point Form, Two Point Form Intercept Form, Parallel and Perpendicular lines, Circle : Equation of Circle,
Centre and radius form, General form of circle,Tangent and Normal and related problems.
UNIT-VII MENSURATION
Area of Triangle, Square, Rectangle, Trapezium, Parallelogram, Rhombus and Circle, Surface Area &
Volume of Cuboids, Cone, Cylinder and Sphere, Capacity of solids.
TEXTBOOK:-
1. Polytechnic Mathematics by S P Deshpande.

DE AERO SEM-1 DETAIL SYLLABUS OF (3300002) ENGISH

Total credit Examination scheme


Teaching Scheme Theory Practical Marks
Total
Marks
Marks
Theory Tutorial Practical c ESE PA ESE PA
3 2 0 5 70 30 20 30 150

UNIT – I GRAMMAR
Present Tense (Simple, Continuous, Perfect, Perfect Continuous), Past Tense (Simple, Continuous, Perfect)
,Future Tense (Simple), Determiners, Articles (A, An, The) Some, Any, Much, Many, All, Both, Few, A few,
The few, Little, A little, The little, Each, Every, Modal Auxiliaries Can, Could, May, Might, Shall, Should,
Will, Would, Must, Have to, Need, Ought to Subject- Verb Agreement, The Passive Voice, Simple Tenses,
Perfect Tenses And Modal Auxiliary Verbs, Prepositions: Time, Place and Directio, Connectors: And, But,
Or, Nor, Though, Although, If, Unless, Otherwise, Because, as, Therefore, So, Who, Whom, Whose, Which,
Where, When, Why.

13
AERONAUTICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT
PARUL INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY-DS 1ST SHIFT
UNIT – II COMPREHENSION PASSAGES
Comprehension Passages, Lincoln’s Letter to His Son’s Teacher (Abraham Lincoln), What we must Learn
from the West (Narayana Murthy), Dabbawallas: Mumbai’s Best Managed Business (Amberish K. Diwanji)
Internet (Jagdish Joshi), Vocabulary Items: Matching items (word and its Meaning), One word Substitution
Phrases and idioms, Synonyms and Antonyms from given MCQs.
UNIT III SHORT STORIES
My Lost Dollar by Stephen Leacock, The Snake in the Grass by R K Narayan A Day’s Wait by Earnest
Hemingway.
UNIT – IV WRITING SKILLS
Dialogue Writing Samples for Practice: Meeting ad Parting Introducing and Influencing - Requests Agreeing
and Disagreeing Inquiries and Information. Letter: Placing an order, Letter to Inquiry, Letter of Complaint,
Letter of Adjustment, Letter seeking permission.
UNIT – V SPEAKING SKILLS
For 28 hours of practical periods, digital language laboratory is recommended to be established in every
polytechnic. But as polytechnics currently do not have digital language laboratories practical periods will be
engaged encouraging the students to speak as per the text taught in the class.

TEXTBOOK:-
1. Active English by Juneja & Qures Macmillan

DE AERO SEM-1 DETAIL SYLLABUS (3300007) BASIC ENGINEERING DRAWING

Total credit Examination scheme


Teaching Scheme Theory Practical Marks
Total
Marks
Marks
Theory Tutorial Practical c ESE PA ESE PA
2 0 4 6 70 30 40 60 200

UNIT – I ENGINEERING DRAWING AIDS


Drawing equipment’s, instruments and materials (a) Equipment’s-types, specifications, method to use
them, applications. (b) Instruments-types, specifications, methods to use them and applications. (c)
Pencils-grades, applications, types of points and applications. (d) Other materials-types and applications.
UNIT– II PLANNING, LAYOUT AND SCALLING OF DRAWING
I.S. codes for planning and layout. Scaling technique used in drawing
UNIT– III LINES, LETTERING AND DIMENSIONING
Different types of lines, Vertical capital and lower case letters, Inclined capital and lower case letters,
Numerals and Greek alphabets, Dimensioning methods. Aligned method, Unilateral with chain, parallel,
progressive and combined dimensioning.
UNIT– IV GEOMETRIC CONSTRUCTION ENTS
Geometric construction related with line like bisecting a line, to draw perpendicular with a given line,
divide a line, etc. Geometric construction related with angle like bisect an angle, trisect an angle, etc. To
construct polygon.na: Triangle: Square / Rectangle.nc: Pentagon with special method : Hexagon with
special method. To draw tangents. Geometric construction related with circle & arc.
UNIT– V ENGINEERING CURVES
Conic sections. Concept and understanding of focus, directrix, vertex and eccentricity and drawing of
conics sections Using various methods, understand construction of i. Ellipse. ii. Parabola. iii. Hyperbola.
Cycloidal Curves(Cycloid, Epicycloid, Hypocycloid), Involutes. Involutes of a circ, Involutes of a polygon
Spiral (Archimedean spiral only).
UNIT– VI PROJECTION OF POINTS, LINES AND PLANES
Reference planes, orthographic projections. Concept of quadrant. 1st angle and 3rd angle projection and
their symbols. Projection of points. Projection of lines – determination of true length and inclinations for
following cases. (a) Line parallel to one or both the plane. (b) Line perpendicular to one of the plane.
(c) Line inclined to one plane and parallel to another. (d) Line inclined to both the planes. Projection of
14
AERONAUTICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT
PARUL INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY-DS 1ST SHIFT
Planes. (a) Types of planes. (b) Projection of planes parallel to one of the reference planes. (c) Projection
of plane inclined to one reference plane and perpendicular to another. (d) Projection of planes inclined
to both reference planes.
Note :Triangle, Square / rectangle, pentagon, hexagon and circle shape should be included in various
plane problems.
UNIT– VII ORTHOGRAPHC PROJECTIONS
Types of projections-orthographic, perspective, isometric and oblique: concept and applications. Various
term associated with orthographic projections.(a) Theory of projection. (b) Methods of projection. (c)
Orthographic projection. (d) Planes of projection. Conversion of simple pictorial views into Orthographic
views. Illustrative problems ON orthographic projection. B.I.S. code of practice.
UNIT– VIII ISOMETRIC PROJECTIONS
Isometric axis, lines and planes. Isometric scales. Isometric view and isometric drawing. Difference
between isometric projection and isometric drawing. Illustrative problems limited to objects Containing
lines, circles and arcs shape only.

TEXTBOOK:
1. Elements of Engineering Drawing by N.D. Bhatt

DE AERO SEM-1 DETAIL SYLLABUS (3300003) ENVIRONMENT CONSERVATION AND HAZARD


MANAGEMENT

Total credit Examination scheme


Teaching Scheme Theory Practical Marks
Total
Marks
Marks
Theory Tutorial Practical c ESE PA ESE PA
3 0 0 3 70 30 0 0 100

UNIT – I. ECOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENT


Importance of environment and scope, Engineering and environment issues,The natural system, Biotic
and a-Bioticcomponents and processes of natural system Eco system, food chain and webs and
otherbiological Systems, Causes of environmental pollution Pollution due to solid waste water pollution,
air pollution, the Noise as pollution, Pollution of land due to industrial and Chemical waste Radiation and
its effects on vegetables andanimals
UNIT – II SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
Concept of sustainable development, Natural resources, a-biotic and biotic resources, Principles of
conservation of energy and management, Need of Renewable energy, Growth of renewable energy in
India and the world, Concept of waste management and recycling
UNIT – III WIND POWER
Growth of wind power in India, Types of wind turbines – Vertical axis wind turbines (VAWT) and
horizontal axis wind turbines (HAWT) Types of HAWTs – drag and lift types, Working of large wind
turbines, Aerodynamic control of large and small Wind turbines, Types of electrical generators used in
small and large , Turbine.
UNIT – IV SOLAR POWER
Features of solar thermal and PV systems, Types of solar cookers and solar water heaters, Solar PV
systems and its components and their working, Types of solar PV cells, Solar PV and solar water heaters,
rating and costing.
UNIT – V BIOMASS ENERGY
Types of Biomass Energy Sources, Energy content in biomass of different types, Types of Biomass
conversion processes, Biogas production.
UNIT – VI SEISMIC ENGINEERING AND DISASTER MANAGEMENT
Introduction of seismic engineering and its application civi engineering designs, Features of disasters such
as Floods, Earthquakes, Fires, Epidemics, Gas/radioactive leaks etc Management and mitigation of above
disasters
15
AERONAUTICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT
PARUL INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY-DS 1ST SHIFT

TEXTBOOK:-
1. Renewable Energy Technologies by Solanki, Chetan Singh

DE AERO SEM-1 Detail Syllabus (3301901) ENGINEERING WORKSHOP PRACTICES

Total credit Examination scheme


Teaching Scheme Theory Practical Marks
Total
Marks
Marks
Theory Tutorial Practical c ESE PA ESE PA
0 0 4 4 0 0 40 60 100

UNIT – I INTRODUCTION TO WORKSHOP Workshop layout.


Importance of various sections/shops of workshop, Types of jobs done in each shop. General safety rules
and work procedure in workshop.
UNIT – II FITTING
Sketch, specification and applications of fitting work holding tools- bench vise, V-block with clamp and C-
clamp. Sketch, specification , material ,applications and methods of using fitting marking and measuring
tools-marking table, surface plate, angle plate, universal scribing block, try-square, scriber, divider centre
punch, letter punch, calipers, vernier caliper, etc Types, sketch, specification , material , applications and
methods of using of fitting cutting tools hacksaw, chisels, twist drill, taps, files, dies Types, sketch,
specification, material, applications and methods of using of fitting finishing tools-files, reamers, Sketch,
specification and applications of miscellaneous tools- hammer, spanners, screw drivers sliding screw
wrench. Demonstration of various fitting operations such as chipping, filing scraping, grinding, sawing,
marking, drilling, tapping. Preparation of simple and male- female Joint. Safety precautions.
UNIT – III TIN SMITHY
Concept of group dynamics. Concept and conversions of SWG and other gauges in use. Use of wire gauge.
Types of sheet metal joints and applications, Types, sketch, specification, material, applications and
methods of using tin smithy tools-hammers, stakes, scissors/snips, etc. Demonstration of various tin
smithy tool and sheet metal operations such as shearing, bending and join Preparation of tin smithy job.
Safety precautions.
UNIT– IV CARPENTRY
Types, sketch, specification, material, applications and methods of using of carpentry tools-saws, planner,
chisels, hammers, pallet, marking gauge, vice, try square, rule, etc. Types of woods and their applications.
Types of carpentry hardwares and their uses. Demonstration of carpentry operations such As marking,
sawin planning, chiseling, grooving, boring, joining, etc Preparation of wooden joints. Safety precautions.
UNIT – V PIPE FITTING
Types, specification, material and applications of pipes, Types, specification, material and applications of
pipe fittings, Types, specifications, material, applications and demonstration of pipe fitting tools,
Demonstration of pipe fitting operations such as marking, cutting, Bending ,threading, assembling,
dismantling, etc, Types and application of various spanners such as flat, fix, ring, box, adjustable, etc..
Preparation of pipe fitting job. Safety precautions
UNIT – VI METAL JOINING
Types, specification, material and applications of arc welding transformer, Types, specification, material and
applications of arc welding accessories and consumables, Demonstration of metal joining operations- Arc
welding, soldering and brazing. Show effect of current and speed. Also demonstrate various welding
positions. Demonstrate gas cutting operation, Preparation of metal joints, Safety precautions.

TEXTBOOK:
1. Mechanical workshop practice by K.C. John

16
AERONAUTICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT
PARUL INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY-DS 1ST SHIFT

Awards , Achievements & Accolades

17
AERONAUTICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT
PARUL INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY-DS 1ST SHIFT

Prominent Aluminies

18
AERONAUTICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT
PARUL INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY-DS 1ST SHIFT

Glimpses of Induction Program 2019

Extra Curricular Activity

19
AERONAUTICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT
PARUL INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY-DS 1ST SHIFT

NSS Activities

20
AERONAUTICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT
PARUL INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY-DS 1ST SHIFT

Co curricular Activities

Technical Events at PU

21
AERONAUTICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT
PARUL INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY-DS 1ST SHIFT
Glimpses of Seminar / Workshop

Gold Medalist in GTU

22
AERONAUTICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT
PARUL INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY-DS 1ST SHIFT

Toppers of first Year from Department as per GTU Result

RANK ENROLLMENT NO NAME OF STUDENT SPI

1 196380301011 GOHIL KAPILBHAI SHAMJIBHAI 9.50


2 196380301043 SONI MAHARSHI HARESHKUMAR 9.47
3 196380301040 SHAIKH VAZIDALI HAIDERALI 9.33
4 196380301027 PANCHAL KRISHNA YATINKUMAR 9.30
5 196380301028 PANDYA DHRUV MANISHKUMAR 9.20
6 196380301031 PANJVANI AADIL ABBAS ALIRAZA 8.87
7 196380301034 VIBHANSHU PATHAK 8.87
8 196380301047 VARAD RAHUL GHUMARE 8.87
9 196380301009 GAWALI JAYESH GORAKH 8.77
10 196380301003 ARYAN BATHWAR 8.53
11 196380301030 PANDYA HIMANI SAMIRKUMAR 8.47
12 196380301022 MUJAJATI VAKAI FRANCIS 8.20
13 196380301033 PATEL DIYA SURAYAKANT 8.20
14 196380301036 PRAKAHR JAIN 8.20

Industry Visit Detail

SR NO INDUSTRY VISIT NAME


1 AIRPORT VADODARA
2 ISRO AHMEDABAD
3 AIRFORCE HARNI
4 INDO GERMAN TOOL ROOM,VATVA,AHMEDABAD
5 AIRFORCE STATION JAMNAGAR
6 AAA LTD AHMEDABAD
7 NDC WAGHODIA
8 HAL BANGULURU
9 DELHI MUSEUM
10 JAIVEL AEROSPACE - RAJKOT LTD
11 GBT COMPOSITES
12 SCIENCE CITY, AHMEDABAD
13 ENERGY PROCESS EQUIPMENTS & PATSON PIPES
14 DHUVARAN POWER PLANT

23
AERONAUTICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT
PARUL INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY-DS 1ST SHIFT

24
AERONAUTICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT
PARUL INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY-DS 1ST SHIFT

Expert Talk
Expert talks were arranged by the experts from the following industries,

SR
INDUSTRY VISIT NAME
NO
1 ISRO Ahmedabad
2 Flydocs Aero
3 Hitech Aero
4 AAA Ltd
5 IIT Bombay
6 GBT Composites Ltd
7 Air force
8 Airports

25
AERONAUTICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT
PARUL INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY-DS 1ST SHIFT

Different Cell active at PIET (DS)

SR.NO NAME OF CELL NAME CONTACT .NO

1 Anti Ragging Committee Mrs.Hetal Prajapati 9662053087


Appointment of Grievances Redressal
2 Mrs. Sonal Pujara 9825335984
Committee
Physically Disability Grievance
3 Mr.Shailesh Parmar 9824600642
committee
4 SC-ST Cell Committee Ms.Sonal Vasava 7574991072

5 Women’s Development Committee Mrs.Rina Chokshi 9429825116


Student Grievances Redressal
6 Mrs. Sonal Pujara 9825335984
Committee
Entrepreneurship Development Cell 9033822802
7 Mrs.Hetal Bhaidasana
Mr. Viral Chavan, Mr. 9904781879,
8 Sports
Yash Avashya 9428373064
9 Cultural Mr. Meet Jivani 8980276527

10 Technical Mr. Darshan Parmar 7405883928

11 NCC Mr. Vishal Makwana 7874092705

12 International Relation Cell Mrs. Preeti Joshi 9898404732

13 Internal Complain Committe Dr. Unnati Joshi 9106315723

Following are the Different scholarship which can be avail by students

SCHEME OF
SR.NO AMOUNT ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA
SCHOLARSHIP

The annual family income shall not be


more than Rs. 2,50,000 and The girls
100% scholarship whose family income is more than
1 SC scholarship
on tuition fees. Rs,2,50,000/- will be eligible to get only
maintenance allowance is about
Rs.2,300/-
The annual family income shall not be
more than Rs. 2,50,000/- and The girls
100% scholarship
2 ST Scholarship whose family income is more than
on tuition fees.
Rs,2,50,000/- will be eligible to get
scholarship on tuition fees.

26
AERONAUTICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT
PARUL INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY-DS 1ST SHIFT
Maximum of
The annual family income shall not be
SEBC/OBC Rs.5,500/- per
3 more than Rs. 1,00,000 and require NCL
Scholarship annum towards
Certificae.
scholarship
The selected
Applicant must be admitted to the 1st
students receive a
year of diploma/degree programme of an
Pragati & tuition fee of Rs.
AICTE approved Collage/Institute in the
4 Saksham Scheme 30,000 or the
current academic year through the
for girls only actual tuition fee
centralised admission process of the
amount, whichever
State/Central Government.
is less.
The candidate, who has secured
admission to diploma engineering shall
have secured a minimum 80 percentile in
MYSY Std.10 Examination conducted by
5 50% of tuition fees
scholarship Gujarat Secondary & Higher Secondary
Education Board or any other approved
board for being able to avail of MYSY
scheme.
The student
fulfilling the above
Socially and criteria will be
Educationally entitled to a
The annual family income shall not be
6 Backward Class scholarship
more than Rs. 2,50,000
scholarship amount of an
scheme(NTDNT) actual tuition fee
or or Rs.50,000/-,
whichever is less.
This post metric scholarship scheme is
National
available to students belonging to
scholarship Decided by
7 minority groups such as Muslim,
portal(Minority government
Christian, Sikh, Buddhist, Jain and
Scholarship)
parsis.

Teaching Learning Process

27
AERONAUTICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT
PARUL INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY-DS 1ST SHIFT

Software for Online Study


1. Google Hangout Meet : Introduction: ZOOM Video Communications
The easiest way to join a Google Hangout is
simply to accept an invite from someone
else, which will bring you right into the
video chat.
You can also start a Google Hangout any
time using your computer or the Hangouts
app on your mobile device.

How to join a Google Hangout by starting a new session on a computer


1. Go to https://hangouts.google.com.
2. Click on "VIDEO CALL" or "PHONE CALL."
3. Click "Join or start a meeting."
4. Enter the name you desire for the meeting and click "Continue."

Google Classroom : Introduction: Google Class room


Student can Extract
1. Study material
2. Videos
3. Assignments
4. MCQ’S
5. Give tests

2. Zoom Cloud Meeting : Introduction: ZOOM Video Communications


• Zoom provides the first Unified Meeting Experience
platform that brings HD video conferencing, mobility
and web meetings.
• Easy to use video conferencing program that allows
for multiple participants, audio and video sharing,
screen sharing, working on a whiteboard and
recording, with up to 100 people or rooms.
• It is available for Windows, Mac, iOS as well as
Android platform.
Working with Zoom: Windows
I. Setting up an Account & Downloading the Meeting Client
A. Setting up an Account:
You will need to set up a free account to use Zoom if you do not already have one.
• To set up free account, go to https://zoom.us. Click on the Sign Up, It’s Free button in the

28
AERONAUTICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT
PARUL INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY-DS 1ST SHIFT
upper right
hand corner of the screen.
• Follow the on screen instructions. A free trial allows you to host meetings that last up to 40
minutes
II. Logging I

III. Starting out meeting

Working with Zoom: Android


•Using Zoom with android platform Is
easy-to-do with features to join new
HD video conferencing.
•App can be downloaded from
Google play store

In this app you can


1. Invite participants
2. Chatting with participants
3. Screen sharing

29
AERONAUTICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT
PARUL INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY-DS 1ST SHIFT
Zoom app android home page

Online Activities carried out during this Lockdown:


1. Webinar
2. Online Video Lectures
3. Online Counseling.
4. Online Parents Meeting
5. Participation of Students in Various National Level Events like Hackathon.

30
AERONAUTICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT
PARUL INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY-DS 1ST SHIFT

Startup & Innovation


A startup or start-up is a company or project initiated by an entrepreneur to seek, effectively
develop, and validate a scalable business model.

Project : Human Urine Into Fertilizer


Prof.Ruchi Shrivastava, Principal
Grant: 60000

31
AERONAUTICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT
PARUL INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY-DS 1ST SHIFT

Project :Hydrohawks Project :Refrigeration and Oven


Aeronautical Department Mechanical Department
Grant:73227 Grant:19400

Project: Production Of Bioplastic From Zea


Project :Ruddra
Mays
Mechanical Department
Chemical Department
Grant:14000
Grant:150000

Project: NJ Creation Project: NJ Creation


Architecture Department Computer Department
Total funding-5000 Total funding-7000 Treshions

32
AERONAUTICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT
PARUL INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY-DS 1ST SHIFT

Name of start up-Vatsalya Bakers Project : Automated Wall Painting Machine


Department –Architecture Mechanical Department
Total Funding-20,000 Grant:80000

Vadodara Hackathon

Vadodara Hackathon 2020 is one of the biggest Hackathon of Gujarat state and Open Innovation
model, it is an excellent initiative by Diploma program of Parul University in collaboration with
SSIP, GESIA, FIG, Smart India Hackathon (MHRD), VCCI, VIC, GIC, MIC & IIC.

33
AERONAUTICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT
PARUL INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY-DS 1ST SHIFT

RULES & REGULATION


The smooth functioning of the institute depends upon observance of discipline by the
students. The institute can help the students better when Rules of Discipline are observed
properly. Violation of these rules deprives the students of the advantages of different
facilities provided by the institute. Following are some of the important rules of discipline.
Parents/Guardians are requested to direct their wards to observe the following Rules of
Discipline:
1. Students must attend lectures, practicals, tutorials, etc. as per the Time Table. They must
not abstain themselves from classes, practicals, tutorials, examinations etc. without written
permission of the Principal. Students whose attendance and/or progress in various tests
and examinations is not satisfactory and who do not perform the required number of
tutorials and/or practical are likely to lose their terms. Students who do not submit
compulsory project work in subject are likely to lose their term. Prolonged absence even on
grounds of ill health may also lead to loss of terms. Defaulters will not be sent up for
University Examinations.
2. The Identity Card is meant for identifying bonafide students and is used for permitting the
student to participate in various activities and programs of the institute. Every student must
wear the Identity Card as long as he/ she is in the institute campus. It must be produced by
the student whenever demanded by a member of the teaching or non-teaching staff of the
institute. Every student must bring his /her Identity Card to the institute every day. He/She
must take proper care of it to avoid its misuse by other students and outsiders. In case the
Identity Card is lost, the matter should be immediately reported to the Principal and an
application should be made for a duplicate Identity Card which will be issued on payment of
charges.
3. The conduct of the students in the classes and in the premises of the institute shall be such
as will cause no disturbance to teachers, fellow students or other classes.
4. Every student shall wear a clean and decent dress while coming to the institute. To wear
Shoes for the boys and sandal for the girls are compulsory in the institute campus.
5. No Society or Association shall be formed in the institute and no person should be invited
on the institute campus without the specific permission of the Principal. The Principal has a
right to refuse such permission.
6. No student is allowed to display any Notice/Circular/Poster/Banner in the institute
premises without the prior permission of the Principal. Strict action will be taken against
the defaulters.
7. All meetings, cultural programs, debates, elocutions, etc. organized on the institute
premises must be held in presence of teaching staff members and with the prior permission
of the Principal. The subjects of debates/elocutions must have the prior approval of the
Principal.
8. Students involved in malpractices at the institute / Board / University Examinations will not
be admitted to the institute.
9. Smoking & use of tobacco is strictly prohibited in the institute premises.
10.Mobile phones is strictly prohibited in the classroom.
11.Students must not loiter on the institute premises while the classes are at work.
12.Students shall do nothing inside or outside the institute that will interfere with the
discipline of the institute or tarnish the image of the institute.
13.Students must be enter the classroom before starting the lecture.
14.Half & full submission of all subjects are compulsory otherwise examination form will not
be
34
AERONAUTICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT
PARUL INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY-DS 1ST SHIFT
accepted.
15.Students should not do any kind of misbehavior with the other students and faculty
members.
PUNISHMENTS

Acts of misbehavior, misconduct, indiscipline or violation of the Rules of Discipline


mentioned above are liable for one or more punishments as stated below:
1. Warning to the student.
2. Warning to the student as well as a letter to the parents.
3. Imposition of a fine.
4. Denial of library, laboratory, student aid or any other facility for a specified period or for
the whole Term/year.
5. Cancellation of Terms.
6. Refusal of admission in the next term or academic year.
7. Cancellation of admission.
8. Expulsion from the institute for a specified period.
9. Rustication.

35
AERONAUTICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT

You might also like