GLOSSARY

Access: The database management program in Windows.

Address: A name that designates the location of someone on the
internet.
ADSL: Asymetric Digital Suscriber Line.
Applications: They are often designed to meet the most common
needs of most users.
ASCII: Coding system of alphanumeric characters that assigns a
number from 0 to 127 to each letter , number or special character
collected ; the extended ASCII allows up to 256 different characters.
Example:
CHARACTER ASCII CODE CHARACTER ASCII CODE
& 00100100 / 00101111
@ 01000000 ? 00111111
A 01000001 B 01000010
C 01000011 D 01000110

Binary code: A binary code represents text or computer processor

instructions using the binary number system's two binary digits, 0
and 1. The binary code assigns a bit string to each symbol or
instruction.
Bit: A bit is the smallest unit used to represent information in a
computer. It corresponds to a binary digit (0 or 1).
Browser: A browser is a program that finds and opens the web
pages we want to access.

Byte: A byte is a set of 8 bits.

There are some multiples:
 GLOSSARY
Unit Symbol Equivalnce Unit Symbol Eqivalence
Kibibyte KiB 1024 bytes Kilobyte KB 1000 bytes
Mebibyte MiB 1024 Kib Megabyte MB 1000 KB
Gibibyte GiB 1024 MiB Gigabyte GB 1000 MB
Tebibyte TiB 1024 GiB Terabyte TB 1000 GB

Chat: Chats are programs, located on servers, which provide a

communication service through text in real life.
there are two types:
-IRC: This is used in professional fields and by groups of people
interested in the same subject.
-Web-chats: These are web pages located on servers that allow
users to connect to each other whenever they want.
Code: The system of signs that the interlocutors share and use to
create their messages.
Computer: A computer is an electronic device that receives and
processes data into useful information.
Computer science: Computer science is the study of computing,
programming, and computation in correspondence with computer
systems. This field of study uses theories on how computers work
to design, test, and analyze concepts.
Create:to cause to come into existence.

Data: Individual facts, statistics, or items of information.

There are two types:
 GLOSSARY
-Output data: Data generated by a computer is referred to as output.
-Input data: Data that is entered into the computer.
Device: A thing made for a particular purpose.
There are two types:
-Storage devices: Devices that store data used by the computer. It
can only be deleted if the user does.
There are three more groups:
-Magnetic: Information is stored through the magnetic
arrangement of particles on the device.
-Optical: Information is encoded by means of microscopic grooves
on the surface.
-Solid-state: They are manufactured in the form of small
components called transistors.
-Peripheral devices: Devices that communicate what is inside the
computer to the outside world.
There are three more groups:
-Input devices: They are used to enter data and instructions into the
computer from the outside.
Some examples are the keyboard or the mouse.
-Output devices: They are used to get information from the
computer after the data has been processed.
Some examples are the monitor or the printer.
-Input/output devices: They are used to enter data to the computer
but also to get information from it.
Some examples are the modem or digital cameras.
Desktop: Screen that you see on the computer after turning it on.
Digital cameras: They are used to take and transfer photographs
and videos to and from a computer.
Document: A computer data file.

Domain: It is the server name plus the generic top-level domain.

DOMAIN au Australia com commercial organisation
COUNTRY es Spain org non-profit organisition
 GLOSSARY
DOMAIN fr France edu educational organisation
MEANING uk United Kingdom int international organisation

Drag: Move from one place to another after clicking and holding it.

E-mail: E-mail is a network service that allows users to send and

receive messages and files quickly through electronic
communication systems.
Encode: To convert into code.
Excel: The spreadsheet program in Windows.

File: Document created by the programs.

EXTENSION TYPE OF FILE EXTENSION TYPE OF FILE

DOC Word document EXE/COM Executable program

TIX/TEXT Text document PDF PDF document
XLS Excel HTM/HTML Web page
spreadsheet
BMP/GIF/JPG Graphic file AVI Audio and video

Folder: Where files are stored.

Hardware: The physical components of the computer.

Hub: A hub is an element that controls and distributes
communication among computers.
Hard drive: The hard drive is a data storage device that uses a non-
volatile magnetic recording system for storing digital data.
 GLOSSARY
I

Interconnected network: It is two or more networks connected

together to form a system.
Interlocutor: Each person who is communicating.
Internet: Worldwide computer network that uses the phone line to
transmit information.

Keyboard: This enables us to enter data and to carry out certain

specific functions on the computer.
Parts:
PART FUNCTION
Function keys These may have one or more
functions.
Backspace This moves the cursor to the left
and erases the character.
Shift and caps These change letters into capital
letters.
Control and Alt These perform special functions if
pressed at the time as others.
Text keys These are used to write.
Space bar This makes a space between
words.
Cursor control keys These move the cursor.
Number keys These are used to write numbers.

Linux: A very popular free operating system which can be used,

modified, upgraded, and shared without paying.
 GLOSSARY
M

Means: The instruments used by the interlocutors to send and

receive messages.
Memory: The memory is where we store the data and instructions
that form part of the programs.
There are two types:
-RAM: Stands for Random Access Memory, the computer's main
memory , where programs and data reside on which you can perform
reading and writing operations.
-ROM: Stands for Read Only Memory, integrated read-only memory that
stores instructions and data permanently circuit.
Memory card: A memory card is a storage device that stores data
that has been stored correctly even with the loss of energy ; ie it is a
non -volatile memory.
Message: The content of communication.
Microprocessor: The microprocessor is like the brain of the
computer. It controls everything happening inside the computer.
In a computer it´s called CPU (Central Processing Unit).
Modem: It enables communication over telephone lines between
computers.
There are two types:
-Internal: Installed in the computer.
-External: Connected to a computer port.

Monitor: It displays images or text. Its characteristics are the size

and the resolution.
There are two types:
-LCD: Stands for Liquid Crystal Display. It´s also called TFT (Thin
Film Transistor screen). it´s pretty popular nowadays.
-CRT: Stands for Cathode Ray Tube. It´s not vey popular as it´s
quite big and heavy.
 GLOSSARY
Mouse: It allows us to perform a number of actions by moving the
cursor or pointer and pressing a button.
It has two buttons: the left is the main button and the right is the
secondary button. There is normally a wheel between both used to
move the screen up and down through the documents.

Network interface card: A network interface card is a device that

allows communication with devices connected to each other and
sharing resources between two or more computers.
Network: A network is two or more computers connected to one
another that can share documents.
O

Operating system: This is the core program that tells the computer
how it should perform all its basic.

PDA: Stand for Personal Digital Assistant. It is a pocket computer

with a touch screen often used as an electronic diary.
Portal: It is a website that provides access to internet and offers a
series of services and resources.
There are two types:
-Horizontal portals: Contain general contents.
-Vertical portals: Have their own specialised contents.
Powerpoint: The presentation program in Windows.
Printer: It prints information in different formats.
Process: To accept, handle, and organize (data), esp.
electronically.
Programs: They are often designed to meet the most common
needs of most users.
Programming language: Language in which the instructions in the
programs are written.
Protocol: It is the way in which the code is called.
 GLOSSARY
R

Recipient: Who receives the e-mail.

Scanner: This is used to input printed documents into the computer.

Search engine: Is a page resource that has a database of contents
of web pages throughout the internet.
Select: To choose in preference.
Sender: Who sends the e-mail.
Server: System that provides resources. In Internet this term often
designates systems that provide information to users of networks.

Smartphones: They include a small operating system that lets us

transfer files easily between a telephone and a computer.
Software: The programs or systems of instructions, that make it
possible to operate and use a computer.
Show: To appear, be seen, etc.
Store: To put or retain (data) in a computer memory unit.

Terminal: A terminal is an electronic hardware device that is used

for entering data into, and displaying data from, a computer.
Transmit: To send to someone receiving, or to a destination.
Touch screen: This is a touch-sensitive device with which you can
access different functions on a computer by touching the screen.

URL: Is the online route that is followed to get to the web page that
we want to use.

V
 GLOSSARY
Videoconference: A videoconference is the most complete and
efficient way of communicating through the internet because you
can exchange voice and moving images.
Videoconferences are communication in real time and two-
directional.

Webcam: A camera that transmits images over the internet.

Windows: The most popular operating system.

All windows have:
ELEMENT FUNCTION
Title bar Shows the name of the program
Menu bar Shows the main menus
Control menu Identifies the program window
Status bar Provides information about the
open document
 GLOSSARY
Work area The place where you work
Toolbar Shows different tools and
functions
Scroll bar Lets you move through the
document and its contents.
Close button Used to close the window
Maximise button Used to make the window larger
Minimise button Used to make the window
disappear and become an icon

Wireless: Cables are unnecessary.

Word: The word processor in Windows.
Word processor: A word processor is an electronic device or
computer software application, that performs the task of
composition, editing, formatting, printing of documents .