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16CE303 - Surveying I: Unit - 3: Session - 3: SLO - 1

The document discusses two methods of orienting a plane table - by magnetic needle and by back sighting. The magnetic needle method uses a compass to align the table with magnetic north, but it can be inaccurate due to local magnetic attractions. The back sighting method is more accurate, where the table is turned until the line of sight bisects a ranging rod at the first survey station. Of the two methods, back sighting provides perfect orientation and is therefore the better approach.

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50 views6 pages

16CE303 - Surveying I: Unit - 3: Session - 3: SLO - 1

The document discusses two methods of orienting a plane table - by magnetic needle and by back sighting. The magnetic needle method uses a compass to align the table with magnetic north, but it can be inaccurate due to local magnetic attractions. The back sighting method is more accurate, where the table is turned until the line of sight bisects a ranging rod at the first survey station. Of the two methods, back sighting provides perfect orientation and is therefore the better approach.

Uploaded by

ranga
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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16CE303 – SURVEYING I

Unit – 3 : Session – 3 : SLO – 1

M.KUMARASAMY COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING,KARUR


Orientation

• • The Process by which the positions occupied


by the board at various survey stations are kept
parallel is known as the orientation.
• Thus, when a plane table is properly oriented, the
lines on the board are parallel to the lines on
ground which they represent.
• • There are two methods of orientation:
• • By magnetic needle
• • By back sighting
By Magnetic Needle

• • In this method, the magnetic north is drawn on


paper at a particular station. At the next station,
• The trough compass is placed along the line of
magnetic north and the table is turned in such a
way that the ends of magnetic needle are
opposite to zeros of the scale. The board is then
fixed in position by clamps.
• This method is inaccurate in the since that the
results are likely to be affected by the local
attraction.
By Back Sighting

• • A= First survey station


• • B= Second survey station
• • Suppose a line is drawn from station A on paper
as ab, representing line AB on ground
• • The table is turned till the line of sight bisects
the ranging rod at A.
• The board is then clamped in this position.
• • This method is better than the previous one
and it gives perfect orientation.
• “Surveying and Levelling” Vol- I Kanetkar and
Kulkarni (2011)
• “ Surveying” Vol- I Dr. B.C. Punamia

M.KUMARASAMY COLLEGE OF
ENGINEERING,KARUR

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