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Electricity: Ohm's Law

1. Electric current is defined as the flow of electric charge. It is measured in amperes, with one ampere being one coulomb of charge passing through a cross-section per second. 2. Potential difference is the work required to move a unit positive charge between two points in a circuit. It is measured in volts. 3. Ohm's law states that current is directly proportional to potential difference. It expresses the relationship between current, potential difference, and resistance in a circuit as V = IR.

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Manoj Bhawar Patil
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66 views3 pages

Electricity: Ohm's Law

1. Electric current is defined as the flow of electric charge. It is measured in amperes, with one ampere being one coulomb of charge passing through a cross-section per second. 2. Potential difference is the work required to move a unit positive charge between two points in a circuit. It is measured in volts. 3. Ohm's law states that current is directly proportional to potential difference. It expresses the relationship between current, potential difference, and resistance in a circuit as V = IR.

Uploaded by

Manoj Bhawar Patil
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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12.

Electricity

Current:
I = Q/t, Where I = Current
Q = Net charge flowing.
t = time
• Unit:
The unit of current is Ampere.
Q = Coulomb(C)
I = Ampere (A)
t = Second(s) 1 A = 1C/1s
Potential Difference:
The potential difference between two separate points is defined as the work done to
move a unit positive charge from one point to another.
V = W/Q
• Unit:
The unit of potential difference is Volt
1 Volt = 1 Joule/ 1 Coulomb
Ohm’s Law:
Current ∝ potential difference
V∝I
V = I R where, R = Resistance
• Unit:
R = Ω (Ohm)
1Ω = 1V / 1 A

When 1 coulomb of charge flows through any cross-section of a conductor in


1 second, the electric current flowing through it is said to be 1 ampere.

Short ans question:

1. By what other name is the unit joule/coulomb called?

2. What do the letters p.d. stand for?

3. Which device is used to measure p.d.?

4. What is the SI unit of potential difference?

5. What is the unit of electric charge?

6. Define one coulomb charge.

7. What is the flow of charge called?


8. What actually travels through the wires when you switch on a light?

9. In which direction does conventional current flow around a circuit?

10. In which direction do electrons flow?

11. What is the unit of electric current?

12. How many mill amperes are there in 1 ampere?

13. Compare how an ammeter and a voltmeter are connected in a circuit.

14. Name the unit of electrical resistance and give its symbol.

15. Which has less electrical resistance: a thin wire or a thick wire (of the same
length and same material)?

16. Keeping the potential difference constant, the resistance of a circuit is


halved. By how much does the current change?

Numerical:
1. If 20 C of charge pass a point in a circuit in 1 s, what current is flowing?

2. A current of 4 A flows around a circuit for 10 s. How much charge flows past a
point in the circuit in this time?

3. What is the current in a circuit if the charge passing each point is 20 C in 40 s?

4. If a potential difference of 10 V causes a current of 2 A to flow for 1 minute, how


much energy is transferred?

5. If the charge on an electron is coulombs, how many electrons should


pass through a conductor in 1 second to constitute 1 ampere current?

6. In 10 s, a charge of 25 C leaves a battery, and 200 J energy of are delivered to


an outside circuit as a result.
(a) What is the p.d. across the battery?
(b) What current flows from the battery?
Ohm Law

1. A resistance of 20 ohms has a current of 2 amperes flowing in it. What


potential difference is there between its ends?

2. A current of 5 amperes flows through a wire whose ends are at a


potential difference of 3 volts. Calculate the resistance of the wire.

3. What p.d. is needed to send a current of 6 A through an electrical


appliance having a resistance of 40 ohm?

4. An electric room heater draws a current of 2.4 A from the 120 V


supply line. What current will this room heater draw when connected
to 240 V supply line?

5. A p.d. of 10 V is needed to make a current of 0.02 A flow through a


wire. What p.d. is needed to make a current of 250 mA flow through
the same wire?

6. A current of 200 mA flows through a 4 k resistor. What is the p.d.


across the resistor?

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