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Numerical Analysis &

Computer Programming
Previous year Questions from
2017 to 1992

Ramanasri Institute

WEBSITE: MATHEMATICSOPTIONAL.COM
CONTACT: 8750706262/6363 1
 2017
1. Explain the main steps of the Gauss-Jordan method and apply this method to find the inverse of the matrix
2 6 6
2 8 6 . [10 Marks]
 
 2 6 8 
2. Write the Boolean expression z( y  z)( x  y  z) in the simplest form using Boolean postulate rules. Mention
the rules used during simplification. Verify your result by constructing the truth table for the given
expression and for its simplest form. [10 Marks]
3. For given equidistant values u1, u0 , u1 and u2 a values is interpolated by Lagrange’s formula. Show that it may
y( y 2  1) 2 x( x 2  1) 2
be written in the form ux  yu0   u1   u0 , where x  y  1 . [15 Marks]
3! 3!

b 3h
4. Derive the formula a ydx  [( y0  yn )  3( y1  y2  y4  y5  ...  yn1 )  2( y3  y6  yn3 )]. Is there any
8
3
restriction on n ? State that condition. What is the error bounded in the case of Simpson’s rule?
8
[20 Marks]
5. Write an algorithm in the form of a flow chart for Newton-Raphson method. Describe the cases of failure of
this method. [15 Marks]

2016
6. (i) 4096 (ii) 0.4375 (iii) 2048.0625
Convert the following decimal numbers to univalent binary and hexadecimal numbers: (10 marks)
7. Let f ( x )  e2x cos3x for x [0,1] . Estimate the value of f (0.5) Using Lagrange interpolating
polynomial of degree 3 over the nodes x  0, x  0.3, x  0.6 and x  1 .Also compute the error bound
over the interval [0,1] and the actual error E(0.5) (20 marks)
1
8. For an integral  f ( x )dx show that the two point Gauss quadrature rule is given by
1
1 4
 1   1  x
 f ( x )dx  f  3   f   3  using this rule estimate  2xe dx (15 marks)
1 2
9. Let A, B, C be Boolean variable denote complement A, A  B of is an expression for A OR B and
B. A is an expression for AANDB .Then simplify the following expression and draw a block diagram
of the simplified expression using AND and OR gates.
A.( A  B,C ).( A  B  C ).( A  B  C ).( A  B  C ). (15 marks)

2015
10. Find the principal (or canonical) disjunctive normal form in three variables p, q, r for the Boolean
expression ( p  q )  r   ( p  q )  r  . Is the given Boolean expression a contradiction or a
tautology? (10 Marks)
11. Find the Lagrange interpolating polynomial that fits the following data:

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 x 1 2 3 4
f ( x ) 1 11 31 69
Find f (1.5) (20 Marks)
dy
12. Solve the initial value problem  x ( y  x ), y(2)  3 in the interval [2, 2.4] using the Runge-
dx
Kutta fourth-order method with step size h  0.2 (15 Marks)
13. Find the solution of the system
10x1  2x 2  x3  x 4  3
2x1  10x 2  x3  x 4  15
x1  x 2  10x3  2x 4  27
x1  x 2  2x3  10x 4  9
using Gauss-Seidel method (make four iterations) (15 Marks)

2014
14. Apply Newton-Raphson method to determine a root of the equation cos x  xex  0 correct up to
four decimal places. (10 Marks)
1
dx
15. Use five subintervals to integrate  2
using trapezoidal rule. (10 Marks)
01 x

16. Use only AND and OR logic gates to construct a logic circuit for the Boolean expression z  xy  uv
(10 Marks)
17. Solve the system of equations
2x1  x2  7
x1  2x2  x3  1
 x 2  2x 3  1
using Gauss-Seidel iteration method (perform three iterations) (15 Marks)
dy
18. Use Runge-Kutta formula of fourth order to find the value of y at x  0.8, where  x  y,
dx
y(0.4)  0.41 . Take the step length h  0.2 (20 Marks)
19. Draw a flowchart for Simpson’s one-third rule. (15 Marks)
20. For any Boolean variables x and y, show that x  xy  x . (15 Marks)

2013
21. In an examination, the number of students who obtained marks between certain limits were given
in the following table:
Marks 30-40 40-50 50-60 60-70 70-80
No. of students 31 42 51 35 31

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 Using Newton forward interpolation formula, find the number of students whose marks lie
between 45 and 50. (10 Marks)
22. Develop an algorithm for Newton-Raphson method to solve f ( x )  0 starting with initial iterate
x 0 , n be the number of iterations allowed, epsilon be the prescribed relative error and delta be
the prescribed lower bound for f '( x ) (20 Marks)
23. Use Euler’s method with step size h  0.15 to compute the approximate value of y(0.6), correct
up to five decimal places from the initial value problem. y '  x( y  x )  1, y(0)  2 (15 Marks)
24. The velocity of a train which starts from rest is given in the following table. The time is in minutes
and velocity is in km/hour.
t 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20
v 16 28.8 40 46.4 51.2 32.0 17.6 8 3.2 0
1
Estimate approximately the total distance run in 30 minutes by using composite Simpson’s rule.
3
(15 Marks)

2012
25. Use Newton-Raphson method to find the real root of the equation 3x  cos x  1 correct to four
decimal places (12 Marks)
dy
26. Provide a computer algorithm to solve an ordinary differential equation  f ( x , y) in the interval
dx
[ a,b] for n number of discrete points, where the initial value is y(a)   , using Euler’s method.
(15 Marks)
27. Solve the following system of simultaneous equations, using Gauss-Seidel iterative method :
3x  20 y  z  18
20x  y  2z  17 (20 Marks)
2x  3 y  20z  25
dy
28. Find at x  0.1 from the following data:
dx
x: 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4
(20 Marks)
y : 0.9975 0.9900 0.9776 0.9604
29. In a certain examination, a candidate has to appear for one major & two major subjects .The rules
for declaration of results are marks for major are denoted by M1 and for minors by M 2 and M 3 .If
the candidate obtains 75% and above marks in each of the three subjects, the candidate is declared
to have passed the examination in first class with distinction. If the candidate obtains 60% and
above marks in each of the three subjects, the candidate is declared to have passed the
examination in first class. If the candidate obtains 50% or above in major, 40% or above in each of
the two minors and an average of 50% or above in all the three subjects put together, the
candidate is declared to have passed the examination in second class. All those candidates, who
have obtained 50% and above in major and 40% or above in minor, are declared to have passed the
examination. If the candidate obtains less than 50% in major or less than 40% in anyone of the two
minors, the candidate is declared to have failed in the examinations. Draw a flow chart to declare
the results for the above. (20 Marks)

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 2011
10
dx
30. Calculate  1 x (up to 3 places of decimal) by dividing the range into 8 equal parts by Simpson’s
2
1 rd
rule. (12 Marks)
3
31. (i) Compute (3205)10 to the base 8.
(ii) Let A be an arbitrary but fixed Boolean algebra with operations ,  and ' and the zero and
the unit element denoted by 0 and 1 respectively. Let x , y, z... be elements of A . If
x , y  A be such that x  y  0 and x  y  1 then prove that y  x '... (12 Marks)
32. A solid of revolution is formed by rotating about the x - axis, the area between the x - axis, the line
x  0 and x  1 and a curve through the points with the following co-ordinates:
x 0.00 0.25 0.50 0.75 1
y 1 0.9896 0.9589 0.9089 0.8415
Find the volume of the solid. (20 Marks)
33. Find the logic circuit that represents the following Boolean function. Find also an equivalent simpler
circuit:
x y z f ( x , y, z )
1 1 1 1
1 1 0 0
1 0 1 0
1 0 0 0 (20 Marks)
0 1 1 1
0 1 0 0
0 0 1 0
0 0 0 0
34. Draw a flow chart for Lagrange’s interpolation formula. (20 Marks)

2010
2
35. Find the positive root of the equation 10xe x  1  0 correct up to 6 decimal places by using
Newton-Raphson method. Carry out computations only for three iterations. (12 Marks)
36. (i) Suppose a computer spends 60 per cent of its time handling a particular type of
computation when running a given program and its manufacturers make a change that
improves its performance on that type of computation by a factor of 10. If the program
takes 100 sec to execute, what will its execution time be after the change?
(ii) If A  B  AB ' A ' B, find the value of x  y  z. (6+6=12 Marks)
37. Given the system of equations
2x  3 y  1
2x  4 y  z  2
2 y  6z  Aw  4
4 z  Bw  C

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 State the solvability and uniqueness conditions for the system. Give the solution when it exists.
(20 Marks)
5
1
38. Find the value of the integral  log10 x dx by using Simpson’s rd rule correct up to 4 decimal
1 3
places. Take 8 subintervals in your computation. (20 Marks)
39. (i) Find the hexadecimal equivalent of the decimal number (587632)10
(ii) For the given set of data points ( x1 , f ( x1 ),( x2 , f ( x2 ),...( xn , f ( xn ) write an algorithm to find
the value of f ( x ) by using Lagrange’s interpolation formula
(iii) Using Boolean algebra, simplify the following expressions
(a) a  a ' b  a ' b ' c  a ' b ' c ' d  ...
(b) x ' y ' z  yz  xz where x ' represents the complement of x (5+10+5=15 Marks)

2009
40. (i) The equation x 2  ax  b  0 has two real roots  and  . Show that the iterative method
( ax k  b)
given by : x k 1   , k  0,1,2... is convergent near x   , if   
xk
(ii) Find the values of two valued Boolean variables A, B,C, D by solving the following
simultaneous equations:
A  AB  0
AB  AC
AB  AC  CD  CD
where x represents the complement of x (6+6=12 Marks)
41. (i) Realize the following expressions by using NAND gates only :
g  (a  b  c)d(a  e) f where x represents the complement of x
(ii) Find the decimal equivalent of (357.32)8 (6+6=12 Marks)
42. Develop an algorithm for Regula-Falsi method to find a root of f ( x )  0 starting with two initial
iterates x 0 and x1 to the root such that sign  f ( x0 )   sign  f ( x1 )  . Take n as the maximum number
of iterations allowed and epsilon be the prescribed error. (30 Marks)
43. Using Lagrange interpolation formula, calculate the value of f (3) from the following table of values
of x and f ( x ) :
x 0 1 2 4 5 6 (15 Marks)
f (x ) 1 14 15 5 6 19
44. Find the value of y(1.2) using Runge-Kutta fourth order method with step size h  0.2 from the
initial value problem: y '  xy, y(1)  2 (15 Marks)

2008
45. Find the smallest positive root of equation xex  cos x  0 using Regula-Falsi method. Do three
iterations. (12 Marks)
46. State the principle of duality

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 (i) in Boolean algebra and give the dual of the Boolean expressions  X  Y  . X .Z . Y  Z   
and X X  0
(ii)    
Represent A  B  C A  B  C A  B  C in NOR to NOR logic network.
(6+6=12 Marks)
47. (i) The following values of the function f ( x )  sin x  cos x are given:
x 100 200 300
f ( x ) 1.1585 1.2817 1.3360
 
Construct the quadratic interpolating polynomial that fits the data. Hence calculate f   .
 12 
Compare with exact value.
(ii) Apply Gauss-Seidel method to calculate x , y, z from the system:
x  y  6z  42
6x  y  z  11.33
x  6 y  z  32
with initial values  4.67, 7.62, 9.05 . Carry out computations for two iterations
(15+15=30 Marks)
48. Draw a flow chart for solving equation F ( x )  0 correct to five decimal places by Newton-Raphson
method (30 Marks)

2007
49. Use the method of false position to find a real root of x 3  5x  7  0 lying between 2 and 3 and
correct to 3 places of decimals. (12 Marks)
50. Convert:
(i) 46655 given to be in the decimal system into one in base 6.
(ii) (11110.01)2 into a number in the decimal system. (6+6=12 Marks)
51. (i) Find from the following table, the area bounded by the x - axis and the curve y  f ( x )
between x  5.34 and x  5.40 using the trapezoidal rule:
x 5.34 5.35 5.36 5.37 5.38 5.39 5.40
(15 Marks)
f ( x ) 1.82 1.85 1.86 1.90 1.95 1.97 2.00
(ii) Apply the second order Runge-Kutta method to find an approximate value of y at x  0.2
taking h  0.1, given that y satisfies the differential equation and the initial condition
y '  x  y, y(0)  1 (15 Marks)

2006
1
2
52. Evaluate I   e  x dx by the Simpson’s rule
0
b
x
 f ( x )dx   f ( x0 )  4 f ( x1 )  2 f ( x2 )  4 f ( x3 )  .....  2 f ( x2n2 )  4 f ( x2n1 )  f ( x2n ) with
3 
a

2n  10, x  0.1, x0  0, x1  0.1,..., x10  1.0 (12 Marks)

53. (i) Given the number 59.625 in decimal system. Write its binary equivalent.

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 (ii) Given the number 3898 in decimal system. Write its equivalent in system base 8.
(6+6=12 Marks)
54. If Q is a polynomial with simple roots 1 ,2 ,...n and if P is a polynomial of degree  n, show that
P(x ) n P ( k )
 . Hence prove that there exists a unique polynomial of degree with given
Q( x ) k 1 Q '( k )( x   k )
values ck at the point k , k  1,2,...n. . (30 Marks)
55. Draw a flowchart and algorithm for solving the following system of 3 linear equations in 3
unknowns x1 , x2 & x3 : C  X  D with C   cij  , X  x j 
3 3
, D   di 
3
i 1
(30 Marks)
i , j 1 j 1

2005
56. Use appropriate quadrature formulae out of the Trapezoidal and Simpson’s rules to numerically
1
dx
integrate  2
with h  0.2 . Hence obtain an approximate value of  . Justify the use of
01 x

particular quadrature formula. (12 Marks)

57. Find the hexadecimal equivalent of (41819)10 and decimal equivalent of (111011.10)2 (12 Marks)
58. Find the unique polynomial P ( x ) of degree 2 or less such that P (1)  1, P(3)  27, P(4)  64 . Using
the Lagrange’s interpolation formula and the Newton’s divided difference formula, evaluate P (1.5)
(30 Marks)
59. Draw a flow chart and also write algorithm to find one real root of the non linear equation x   ( x )
by the fixed point iteration method. Illustrate it to find one real root, correct up to four places of
decimals, of x 3  2x  5  0. (30 Marks)

2004
60. The velocity of a particle at distance from a pint on it s path is given by the following table:
S(meters) 0 10 20 30 40 50 60
V (m/sec) 47 58 64 65 61 52 38
1 rd
Estimate the time taken to travel the first 60 meters using Simpson’s rule. Compare the result
3
3 th
with Simpson’s rule. (12 Marks)
8
61. (i) If ( AB,CD)16  ( x )2  ( y)8  ( z )10 then find x , y & z
(ii) In a 4-bit representation, what is the value of 1111 in signed integer form, unsigned integer
form, signed 1’s complement form and signed 2’s complement form? (6+6=12 Marks)
x
62. How many positive and negative roots of the equation e  5sin x  0 exist? Find the smallest
positive root correct to 3 decimals, using Newton-Raphson method. (10 Marks)
63. Using Gauss-Siedel iterative method, find the solution of the following system:
4 x  y  8z  26
5x  2 y  z  6 up to three iterations. (15 Marks)
x  10 y  2z  13

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 2003
1
2
64. Evaluate  e  x dx by employing three points Gaussian quadrature formula, finding the required
0

weights and residues. Use five decimal places for computation. (12 Marks)
65. (i) Convert the following binary number into octal and hexa decimal system:
101110010.10010
(ii) Find the multiplication of the following binary numbers: 11001.1 and 101.1 (6+6=12 Marks)
1 1
66. Find the positive root of the equation 2e  x   using Newton-Raphson method correct
x  2 x 1
to four decimal places. Also show that the following scheme has error of second order:
1  a 
xn1  xn 1  2  (30 Marks)
2  xn 
1 rd b
1
67. Draw a flow chart and algorithm for Simpson’s rule for integration  2
dx correct to 106
3 a 1  x
(30 Marks)

2002
68. Find a real root of the equation f ( x )  x 3  2x  5  0 by the method of false position. (12 Marks)
69. (i) Convert 100.8510 into its binary equivalent.
(ii) Multiply the binary numbers 1111.012 and 1101.112 and check with its decimal
equivalent (4+8=12 Marks)
70. (i) Find the cubic polynomial which takes the following values:
y(0)  1, y(1)  0, y(2)  1 & y(3)  10 . Hence , or otherwise, obtain y(4)
dy
(ii) Given:  y  x where y(0)  2, using the Runge-Kutta fourth order method, find y(0.1) and
dx

y(0.2) . Compare the approximate solution with its exact solution. e0.1  1.10517, e0.2  1.2214 . 
(10+20=30 Marks)
71. Draw a flow chart to examine whether a given number is a prime. (10 Marks)

2001
72. Show that the truncation error associated with linear interpolation of f ( x ), using ordinates at x 0
1
and x1 with x0  x  x1 is not larger in magnitude than M 2 ( x1  x0 )2 where M 2  max f ''( x )
8

2 t 2
in x0  x  x1 . Hence show that if f ( x )  e
 0
dt, the truncation error corresponding to linear

( x1  x0 )2
interpolation of f ( x ) in x0  x  x1 cannot exceed . (12 Marks)
2 2 e

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73. (i) Given A.B ' A '.B  C show that A.C ' A '.C  B
(ii) Express the area of the triangle having sides of lengths 6 2, 12, 6 2 units in binary
number system. (6+6=12 Marks)
74. Using Gauss Seidel iterative method and the starting solution x1  x2  x3  0, determine the
solution of the following system of equations in two iterations
10x1  x 2  x3  8
x1  10x2  x3  12 .
x1  x 2  10x3  10
Compare the approximate solution with the exact solution (30 Marks)
75. Find the values of the two-valued variables A, B,C & D by solving the set of simultaneous
equations
A ' A.B  0
A.B  A.C (15 Marks)
A.B  A.C ' C.D  C '.D

2000
76. (i) Using Newton-Raphson method, show that the iteration formula for finding the reciprocal
x  p  1  Nxi 
of the pth root of N is xi 1  i
p
(ii) Prove De Morgan’s Theorem ( p  q)'  p '.q ' (6+6=12 Marks)
1
dx
77. (i) Evaluate  1  x 2 , by subdividing the interval (0, 1) into 6 equal parts and using Simpson’s one-
0
third rule. Hence find the value of  and actual error, correct to five places of decimals
(ii) Solve the following system of linear equations, using Gauss-elimination method:
x1  6x 2  3x3  6
2x1  3x 2  3x3  117 (15+15=30 Marks)
4 x1  x2  2x3  283

1999
b
78. Obtain the Simpson’s rule for the integral I   f ( x )dx and show that this rule is exact for polynomials of
a
degree n  3 . In general show that the error of approximation for Simpson’s rule is given by
(b  a )5 iv
R f ( ),    0,2  .
2880
1
dx
Apply this rule to the integral  and show that R  0.008333. (20 Marks)
01 x

du
79. Using fourth order classical Runge-Kutta method for the initial value problem  2tu2 ,u(0)  1, with
dt
h  0.2 on the interval [0, 1], calculate u(0.4) correct to six places of decimal. (20 Marks)

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 1998
3
dx
80. Evaluate  by Simpson’s rule with 4 strips. Determine the error by direct integration. (20 Marks)
1 x
81. By the fourth –order Runge-Kutta method. tabulate the solution of the differential equation
dy xy  1
 , y(0)  0 in [0, 0.4] with step length 0.1 correct to five places of decimals
dx 10 y2  4
(20 Marks)
82. Use Regula-Falsi method to show that the real root of x log10 x  1.2  0 lies between 3 and
2.740646 (20 Marks)

1997
83. Apply that fourth order Runge-Kutta method to find a value of y correct to four places of decimals
dy
at x  0.2, when y '   x  y, y(0)  1 (20 Marks)
dx
84. Show that the iteration formula for finding the reciprocal of N is xn1  xn  2  N xn  , n  0, 1...
(20 Marks)
85. Obtain the cubic spline approximation for the function given in the tabular form below:
x 0 1 2 3
and M 0  0, M3  0 (20 Marks)
f ( x ) 1 2 33 244

1996
86. Describe Newton-Raphson method for finding the solutions of the equation f ( x )  0 and show
that the method has a quadratic convergence. (20 Marks)
87. The following are the measurements t made on a curve recorded by the oscillograph representing
a change of current i due to a change in the conditions of an electric current:
t 1.2 2.0 2.5 3.0
i 1.36 0.58 0.34 0.20
Applying an appropriate formula interpolate for the value of i when t  1.6 (20 Marks)
dy dz
88. Solve the system of differential equations  xz  1,  xy for x  0.3 given that y  0
dx dx
and z  1 when x  0, using Runge-Kutta method of order four (20 Marks)

1995
89. Find the positive root of log e x  cos x nearest to five places of decimal by Newton-Raphson
method. (20 Marks)
3.4
3 rd
90. Find the value of  f ( x ) dx from the following data using Simpson’s rule for the interval
1.6 8
1 th
(1.6, 2.2) and rule for (2.2, 3.4) :
8

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 x 1.6 1.8 2.0 2.2 2.4
f ( x ) 4.953 6.050 7.389 9.025 11.023

x 2.6 2.8 3.0 3.2 3.4

(20 Marks)
f ( x ) 13.464 16.445 20.086 24.533 29.964

1994
x 2 x 3 0.3x
91. Find the positive root of the equation e x  1  x   e correct to five decimal places.
2 6
(20 Marks)
92. Fit the following four points by the cubic splines.

i 0 1 2 3
xi 1 2 3 4
yi 1 5 11 8

Use the end conditions Use the end conditions y "0  y "3  0
Hence compute (i) y(1.5)
(ii) y '(2) (20 Marks)
93. Find the derivative of f ( x ) at x  0.4 from the following table:

x 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4

(20 Marks)
y  f ( x ) 1.10517 1.22140 1.34986 1.49182

1993
94. Find correct to 3 decimal places the two positive roots of 2ex  3x 2  2.5644 (20 Marks)
3
4
95. Evaluate approximately x dx Simpson’s rule by taking seven equidistant ordinates. Compare it
3

with the value obtained by using the trapezoidal rule and with exact value. (20 Marks)
dy
96. Solve  xy for x  1.4 by Runge-Kutta method, initially x  1, y  2 (Take h  0.2 ) (20 Marks)
dx

1992
97. Compute to 4 decimal placed by using Newton-Raphson method, the real root of x 2  4sin x  0 .
(20 Marks)
dy
98. Solve by Runge-Kutta method  x  y with the initial conditions x0  0, y0  1 correct up to 4
dx
decimal places, by evaluating up to second increment of y (Take h  0.1 ) (20 Marks)
99. Fit the natural cubic spline for the data.

Reputed Institute for IAS, IFoS Exams Page 12

x: 0 1 2 3 4
(20 Marks)
y: 0 0 1 0 0

Reputed Institute for IAS, IFoS Exams Page 13