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Equation of Continuity

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Equation of Continuity

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Equation of Continuity

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The equation of continuity states that a mass of a fluid cannot be created nor destroyed. If we consider
the flow of a given mass of air through an opening which varies in size, the mass has to move through Articles
in the same time. In other words, what goes in, goes out. Figure 1.1 visualizes this situation:
Forces on an airplane
Bernoulli's Theorem
Equation of Continuity

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Figure 1.1 Velocity and pressure variation in venturi tube

When we consider air flowing through the venturi, the airflow will be a function of the crossectional
diameter, velocity and pressure. The product of these factors have to be the same at all points along
the way through the tube. Or: A x V x ρ = constant. This means that calculating these factors at
any point will result in the same outcome. If we consider the equation of continuity to be applied at
speeds below 300kts (where we won't have to bother about compressibility) density changes are
neglible and the equation can be written as: A x V = constant

Let us consider to have a given airmass air passing through (1) with a passageway which is reduced
along the way untill it reaches its narrowest point (2). In order to maintain the same mass flow, the air
has to travel at a higher speed. Eventually when the passage way increases again (3), the speed of the
mass flow reduces again

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