Short Answer Questions:

1. Define Mass Transfer Operations.

2. Give three molecular transport equations.
3. Give the relation between diffusity and temperature for molecular diffusion in gases.
4. Define mass transfer coefficients.
5. Give any one relation between general mass transfer co-efficient and specific mass transfer
co-efficient.
6. Write any expression to calculate the total resistance in gas phase.
7. Define point efficiency.
8. Define Dew temperature of Vapour-Gas Mixture.
9. Define evaporative cooling.
10. Give psychometric ratio for air-water system.
11. Define Bound Moisture.
12. Define Critical Moisture Content.
13. Fick’s law diffusion.
14. Equilibrium moisture content.
15. Stefan’s diffusion.
16. Tray efficiency.
17. Gas and Liquid film controlling.
18. Factors effecting the drying operation.
19. Flooding condition in absorber.
20. Define Ficks law and explain the terms in it.
21. Explain in one line, why mass transfer coefficients are required.
22. Define local mass transfer coefficients.
23. Give relation between overall mass transfer coefficients to specific mass transfer
coefficients in gas-phase resistance.
24. In what condition murphee efficiency is equal to point efficiency? Explain in one line.
25. Give an expression for wet bulb depression.
26. Define relative humidity.
27. Explain equilibrium moisture content.
28. The free moisture is sum of -------------+---------------
29. Relate the diffusivity and F (Mass Transfer coefficient).
30. Overall tray efficiency.
31. Wet bulb temperature.
32. Molecular diffusion.
33. Gas film controlling.
34. Relative humidity.
35. Dehumidification.
36. Psychometric ratio.
37. Weeping condition in absorber.
38.
39.
 UNIT – I
1. Ammonia gas (A) is diffusing through a uniform tube 0.10m long containing N 2 gas (B) at
1.0132x105 Pa pressure and 298K. The partial pressure at point 1 is 1.013x10 4Pa and at
point 2, the partial pressure is 0.507x104 Pa. The diffusivity DAB=0.230x10-4m2/s.
(i) Calculate the flux JA at steady state. (ii) Calculate the flux JB.
2. A mixture of benzene and Toluene is being distilled in a distillation column at 1 bar and
1080C. The liquid phase contains 20 mole% benzene and the vapor phase contains 60 mole
% benzene respectively. At the operating conditions the vapor pressure of Toluene is 0.75
bar. Diffusivity of Toluene in benzene is 5x10-6 m2/s. Assume equimolar counter diffusion.
If the diffusion thickness is 0.2mm. Calculate the molecular diffusion rate.
3. Discuss the analogy between momentum, heat and mass transfer.

4. Obtain an expression for the steady state diffusion of two gases, when one gas is at rest.

5. Explain the film theory, penetration theory.

6. Estimate the mass transfer coefficient in a stream of air at 325.6K flowing in a duct by the
following shapes made of Naphthalene. The velocity of the air is 1.5234m/s at 325.6K and
202.6KPa. DAB of Naphthalene in air is 5.16 X 10 -6 m2/s at 273K and 101.3KPa. i) For air
flowing parallel to the flat plate with 0.152m length. ii) For air flowing by a simple sphere
12.7mm diameter.
7. A circular tube of 1.5cm dia and 1m long has a gas B. A gas ‘A’ is diffusing through the
tube from one end to the other and its concentration in terms of partial pressures at both the
ends are 400 and 80 mmHg. The temperature and pressure of the system are 25 0C and
1atm. At these conditions the diffusivity of ‘A’ in ‘B’ is 1.8x10-5m2/s. Assuming Equimolar
counter diffusion of ‘A’ and ‘B’, estimate the steady state rate of transfer of gas ‘A’ in
kmol/s.
8. Calculate the rate of diffusion of water from the water surface at the bottom of a well 3.5m
deep to dry air flowing over the top of the well. The well diameter is 3.5m. Find the total
weight of water diffused per hour from the surface of the water in the well. The entire
system is at 298k and atmospheric pressure. The vapour pressure of water vapor at 298k is
3140 N/m2. The diffusivity of water in air is 3.05x10-5 m2/s and 1 atm pressure.
 UNIT – II
1. Ammonium is absorbed by water in a welted-wall column operated at 298K and 1 std.atm.
The overall gas co-efficient is 1.5Kmol NH3 /hm2 std. atm. At one point of column, the gas
contains 12 mole% ammonia and liquid phase contains 0.2 mol ammonia per m 3 of the
solution. 14% of the total resistance in the liquid phase. Assume Henry’s law constant at
2980K is 4.247x10-3 std atm / mol NH3 / M3 solution. Determine interfacial film
coefficients and interfacial compositions.
2. Explain with neat sketch the following.
i) Murphase efficiency
ii) Print efficiency
iii) Column efficiency
3. Derive the relationship between individual and overall mass transfer coefficients.

4. Explain the material balances in steady state counter current cascade processes.

5. What are the inoperable conditions encountered in plate column operation and the
responsible factors for such conditions? Explain?
6. Write a note on Venturi scrubbers and their applications.
 UNIT – III
1. Derive an expression for the calculation of adiabatic saturation temperature?
2. An air-water mixture has a dry bulb temperature 55 0C and an absolute humidity of
0.030 kg water /Kg dry air. Determine the wet bulb temperature of this mixture. The
total pressure is atmosphere.
Data: (i) Latent heat of vaporization = 2400kJ/kg (ii) Vapor pressure of water =
15730 N/m2 (iii) Humid heat= 1060kJ/kg k. Verify the result by using humid charts.
3. Derive an expression for adiabatic saturation temperature.
4. The dry bulb temperature of an unsaturated sample of air is at 300C and the saturation
is 50%. The vapor pressure data for water is given below:
Vap. Pressure (kg/cm2): 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.05 0.06 0.07 0.08
Temperature, 0C : 6.7 17.2 23.77 28.6 32.6 35.9 38.7 41.2
Without using humidity chart, calculate the following properties of unsaturated air sample:
i) Humidity ii) Relative saturation iii) Humid volume.
5. An air-water sample has a dry bulb temperature 50 0C and an absolute humidity of
0.030 kg water vapor/ Kg dry air at 1 std.atm. Find the following by humidity chart.
i) Percentage humidity and saturation humidity at 550C.
ii) The molal humidity and partial pressure of water in a sample.
iii) The relative humidity and dew point.
iv) Humid volume and humid heat.
 Unit-IV
1. A slab of paper pulp100cmx100cmx1.5cm is to be dried under constant drying conditions
from 66.7% to 30% moisture. The value of equilibrium moisture for the material is 0.5%.
If critical moisture content is 60% and the rate of drying at the critical point is
1.5kg/m.M2 .Calculate the total drying time. The dry weight of each slab is 2.5kg. All
moisture contents on wet basis.
2. Give the classification of the drying equipment.

3. Explain in detail the working of any two dryers.

4. A certain material was dried under constant drying conditions and it was found that 2 hrs
time is required to reduce the free moisture concentration from 20% to 10%. How much
longer would be required to reduce the free moisture to 4%. Assume that constant rate
period is encountered?
Assumptions: 1. Equilibrium moisture content is zero
2. Falling rate period is linear
5. It is necessary to dry a batch of 160Kg of a wet material from 30% to 5% moisture
content, under constant rate and falling rate period. The Falling rate period is assumed to
be linear. Calculate the total drying time considering an available drying surface of
1m2/40kg of dry solid. A constant drying flux of 3×10-4kg/m2 is given.
6. A wet solid is to be dried from 35 to 10% moisture under constant drying conditions in 5
hrs. If the equilibrium moisture content is 4 % and the critical moisture content 14%,
how long it will take to dry solids to 6% moisture under the same conditions?
7. 100kg batch of granular solids containing 30% moisture is to be dried in a tray drier to
16% moisture by passing a current of air at 350K across its surface at a velocity of
1.8m/s. If the constant rate drying under these conditions 0.7×10-3kg/m2.s and the critical
moisture content is 15%. Calculate the drying time. Drying surface =0.03m2/kg dry
weight.