The Impact of Selected Variables on Student Nurses Level of

Stress and their Coping Mechanism

In partial fulfillment

Of the Requirements for the Degree

Bachelor of Science in Nursing

Sharmaine Kate G. Payumo

Shania Mae Llagas

Emmanuel Nilo Clava

INTRODUCTION
Background of the Study

Stress is described as any element that produces adaptation to a surroundings tough for

the character to take care of a country of equilibrium between himself

and therefore the exterior environment (Humphrey, Yow & Bowen 2000). It includes a physical

and mental response to meet the demands of the stressful event (Richlin-Klonsky & Hoe 2003).

These events or conditions that put a strain on the individual are called stressors (Santrock 2003).

There are variations in individual reactions to stressors. The factors for the variations is

also because of the differences in their age, sex/gender, education status, friends, family (Larkin

2005).

College students within the Philippines are fairly often within the late adolescent years.

As students, they're said to experience a singular cluster of stressors (Garrett 2001) which may

have a significant impact on their ability to cope with college life (Dussellier etal. 2005).

No one can live without experiencing some degree of stress at all times (Selye 1987). In

fact, it has been accepted in the society that everyday stress is part of modern living (Murray and

Pizzorno, 1998).

College presents a myriad of new experiences, and many of these experiences are

stressful. Students simultaneously face academic challenges as well as family or social crises.

Many balance irregular or extended workloads, have difficulty with time management, and may
have fears over loss of financial scholarship support
(Dopp & Parrish, 2007; Tansy & Roe, 2009). Other areas of concern for students include

housing, being away from parents for the first time, attainment of personal goals, being

overwhelmed with difficulties and loss of personal control (Feldt, 2008; Ahern & Norris, 2011).

Stress and anxiety are often experienced as students meet goals for their developmental

stage. The majority of nursing students, age 18-24 years old, are described as young adults, or
emerging adults. Goals for this developmental stage include developing personal independence

and self-sufficiency (Hockenberry & Wilson, 2011). Difficulty meeting these goals may lead to

maladaptive coping, with symptoms of stress, anxiety and depression. Maladaptive coping,

adaptive coping, life satisfaction, social status, living alone, religion, and class standing were

evaluated by Mahmoud, Staten, Hall, and Lennie (2012) in young adult college students.

Increased stages of stress may additionally lead to poor academic performance, burn-out,

and the development of inadequate coping mechanisms (Lewis & Shaw, 2007; Gibbons, 2010).

Burn-out is defined as emotional exhaustion and diminished interest (Gibbons, 2010).

Investigated stress tiers among college and expert students. Results indicated that

nursing college students suggested greater stages of Stress than pharmacy

students, remedy students, and college students in dentistry, medicine, and school. Nursing

student pronounced higher stress ratings for academic and external stressor. Student nurses also

suggested higher common stages of stress than expert students, scientific students, and graduate

students. Elevated level of stress effect the physical and psychological well-being of student

nurse (Stecker 2004).

Evaluated the impact of stress on student nurse through in-depth interviews between nursing

graduates. Results recommended that stress experienced via scholar nurse will now
not function at a highest quality degree and inhibited growth and development.
Participants reported that the stress triggered them to feel indifference, helplessness, and as even
though they had lost control. In terms of cognitive effects, members reported a minimize
in focus and concentration for the duration of periods of stress. The stress also resulted in
physiological discomfort. Understanding the ranges of stress, the causative factors, and the
relationship to fitness within the undergraduate nursing student populace is necessary to the
identification of life-style processes to control physiological and psychological health.
Through further exploration of the role and have an impact on of stress on the undergraduate

student nurse population, efforts may additionally be taken to become aware of methods to

mitigate stress in an strive to prevent bad effects from stress and maintain best health Thus,

this study will constitute an effort to illustrate the levels of

stress, discover common stressors amongst nursing students, describe the good sized relationship

between nursing students’ degree of stress and their profile, and to come up with an interventions

that may want to assist decrease the level of stress among nursing students (Freeburn and

Sinclair 2009).

(Reddy et al. 2018) in their learn about concludes that move smart difference in stress does exist

in students. It is essential to deal with stress at personal, social and institutional level. Remedies

such as feedback, yoga, lifestyles competencies straining, mindfulness, meditation and

psychotherapy have been observed beneficial to deal with stress.

To perceive the major motive of stress is the key to deal with it. Professionals can enhance tailor

made strategies to deal with stress. The built-in properly being of the students is vital no

longer only for the individual but for the institute as well.

(Dimitrov, 2017) in his learn about claimed that stress can be addressed by using making sure

that the students give utmost importance to their welfare. Food, exercise, work, endeavor is some

of the areas to focus on. He additionally concluded that the education device is greater to do with

the academic qualifications and does not contribute sufficient to the holistic development of

students.

Printed the hyperlink between tutorial stress and mental fitness among
students. He recommended that tutorial stress and intellectual health are correlated
and that college students are cramped with the academic structure. Parents and
 faculties pressurize the college student’s way to a whole lot for the higher grades that
disheartens the students, similarly to add on there is no longer sufficient help from the mother

and father and school in terms of guidance. The students are mentally healthful when

they operate constructively in the academic forums. (Subramani and Kadhiravan, 2017).

And they find out about referred to the use of a number of techniques to curb stress. Doing
one bodily workout on every day groundwork can tackle the challenge of stress. One
can also undertake to a number time management tools and get concerned with leisure things to
do which can advantage students. Also, it used to be suggested that schools have to have a
conducive ambience to curtail the stress.
Change in the fashion of delivery from instructors and offering mentors

can deliver clean air to the instructing style (Sharma et al. 2016).

Researched on the greater secondary students and implied that male students

are extra pressured than the female students. Urban student’s academic stress is larger than the

rural students. Government college student’s stress is lower than the private school students

stress. Student from Science circulate are greater stressed than the student from Arts (Prabu,

2015)

Recounted that mental health of teens get affected due to the educational stress. Girls

with educational stress have been located to have negative mental health as compared to the

boys. This used to be accounted on the learn about that dad and

mom at instances put stress and pressure on students that leads to deteriorated intellectual health

(Kaur, 2014).

In his learn about measured the educational stressors experienced by means of college

students at university. The end result of the analysis confirmed that there is an

unreasonable tutorial overload, not ample time to learn about due to

the massive direction content material being covered, excessive household expectations and low

motivation degrees are some of the reasons for the stress. Fear of failure

is additionally the prime cause for stress. There used to

be no significant distinction located amongst the college students from special of specializations

(Bataineh 2013).

Concluded that stress clearly impacts the educational overall performance in

a bad way though no sizeable distinction was once found as per the gender. The distinction used

to be evident between junior and senior students. Stress, for sure, impacts the ability to learn

about efficiently and managing the time. Studying many times is important, this

helps minimize the tutorial pressure and helps them fulfill their goals (Khan and Kausar, 2013).

Researched accelerated baccalaureate nursing students’ stresses and supports,

and said nursing school have the ability to limit conceivable stress. As expected, mature college
students reported the work load stressful, in addition to family responsibilities (Weitzel and
McCahon, 2008).
(Anthony et al 2012) they find out that some of relaxation or distressing techniques used by the
students include music, meditation, and exercise. The students who exercise several times per
week have lower stress than those who exercise infrequently.
(Adel Shdaifat 2018) in his study he said that Problem Solving is the most frequently used
coping mechanism of the student.
Moral support, developing relation ship, and praying are common coping mechanism identified.
Coping mechanism that were mainly relationship-based (Bam, Oppong and Ibitoye 2014)

(Bista, Bhattrai and Khadka 2017) they found out that similarly 58.3% used Emotion-focused
strategies for coping mechanism and 3.9% used Problem-focused strategies for coping
mechanism.
 Significance of the Study

Researchers. This study will enable the researchers to apply the theories learned in

nursing research thus helping them to hone their skills.

Student Nurses. Nursing students will somehow be ready in handling everyday stressors

that might come. They will be competent and be effective nurses someday.

Clinical Instructors. This study will give them knowledge on the levels of stress felt by

their students. The clinical instructors then will be able to plan and balance the different

academic and clinical requirements to be done by the students. Understand the stress experienced

by the student nurses.

Future Researchers. This study will serve as guide and source of information to the

future researchers thus make them finish their paper easier and faster.

Statement of the Problem

The aim of this study is to illustrate the level of stress in selected factors among student

nurses of Panpacific University and their coping mechanism.

Specifically, this study sought to answer the following questions:

1.) What is the profile of the student nurse in terms of:

a. Age

b. Gender

c. Year Level

d. Status

Paradigm of the Study

The study will follow the quantitative approach utilizing the exploratory process. The synopsis

will focus on distributing survey questionnaires that will serve as the main tool in gathering the
data. Moreover, interviews will also be conducted to validate various information procured by

the researchers. The study will trail the Input-Process-Output (IPO) model.

Figure 1:

Input Process Output

Theoretical Framework

One of the normal effect of nurses’ everyday lives is stress; nurses’ lives is not normal in

a way that you will have incomplete hours of sleep and night becoming day.

Through stress management, nursing students are being capable of facing different

stressors in school and in hospital setting. Their competency and effectivity of these students

may also depend on how they adapt and cope with stress.
 On Hans Selye’s Stress of Life, he pointed out that few people define the concept of

stress in the same way or even bother to attempt a clear-cut definition. According to Selye, an

important aspect of stress is that a wide variety of dissimilar situations are capable of producing

the stress response such as fatigue, effort, pain, fear, and even success. This has led to several

definitions of stress, each of which highlights different aspects of stress.

METHODOLOGY

Research Design

In this study, descriptive method will be used by the researchers because this type of

method tells existing facts or certain educational phenomenon. Similarly, it involves facts finding

with adequate interpretation. (Barrientos-Tan, 2006) the data will be collected through the use of

questionnaires and interviews of students from level three nursing students of Panpacific

University.

Population and Locale of the Study

The total population of the study will involve the student nurses of Panpacific University,

from first year to fourth year college level. The researchers will use the Slovin’s formula in order

to identify the sample size.

Slovin’s Formula:

N
n=
1+ Ne2

Where:

n = Sample Size

N = Population Size

E = Margin of error (5%)

The research will be conducted on Panpacific University.

Ethical Consideration

Before administering the research instrument, permission to float questionnaires shall be

secured first from the Dean of the College of Nursing. Rest assured that all the procured data
from the beginning of the study shall be treated with utmost confidentiality and shall only be

used for the sole purposes of this research.

Data Gathering Tool

Data collection is an essential component to conducting a research or an evaluation. In

order to collect data, the researchers shall conduct a questionnaire.

Treatment of Data

The statement of the problem will be carefully treated with a statistical treatment. The

statistical tool will be Average Weighted Mean

Average Weighted Mean:

W 1 X 1+W 2 X 2+W 3 X 3 … WnXn

X=
W 1+ w 2+ w 3 … Wn

The Average Weighted Mean (AWM) is a perfect tool in assessing the third guiding

question. This will be perfect as assigning weights for the ordinal values will further advance the

statistical tool in identifying the level of stress.

Where:

X = AWM

Wn = Number of Weight

Xn = Frequency

To determine the level of stress of student nurse of Panpacific University, the mean,

overall mean (OM), and the grand overall mean (GOM) shall be used with corresponding

descriptive values as presented in Table 1.

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