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Arhitectura Calculatoarelor: Prelegerea #13 Placa Video. (GPU)

The document discusses the history and components of graphics processing units (GPUs). It describes how GPUs have evolved from early CRT displays using electron beams to modern chips from Intel and AMD. It also covers the basics of additive and subtractive color models, color spaces, and the graphics pipeline that processes graphics through programmable shader stages.

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Nelu Turcanu
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41 views20 pages

Arhitectura Calculatoarelor: Prelegerea #13 Placa Video. (GPU)

The document discusses the history and components of graphics processing units (GPUs). It describes how GPUs have evolved from early CRT displays using electron beams to modern chips from Intel and AMD. It also covers the basics of additive and subtractive color models, color spaces, and the graphics pipeline that processes graphics through programmable shader stages.

Uploaded by

Nelu Turcanu
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Arhitectura Calculatoarelor

Prelegerea #13
Placa Video. (GPU)
Исторические ПК
PC istorice
Современные
Intel , AMD
GPU
CRT. Кинескопы. ЭЛТ (Электронно-лучевые Трубки)
CRT
Растр (Кадр )

Строка

Обратный ход строчный

Обратный ход кадра


Spectrul Electromagnetic
• Frecvente ale luminei Visible...
– Ros = 4.3 x 1014 hz (700nm)
– Violet = 7.5 x 1014 hz (400nm)
Color CRT
Цветная ЭЛТ

8
RGB Color Model: XYZ Color Model
Модель Цветности RGB
Intuitive Color Spaces
• HSV is an
intuitive color
space
• Corresponds
to our perceptual
notions of tint, shade,
and tone
• Hue (H) is the angle
around the vertical axis
• Saturation (S) is a value from
0 to 1 indicating how far from
the vertical axis the color lies
• Value (V) is the height of the “hexcone”
10
Additive color vs. Subtractive color
• Additive colors models are used in light
– Start with black, and add colored light to make your desired shade
• Subtractive color models are used with paint
– Start with white, and add colors
– A given color – red – subtracts away (from the reflected light) any
wavelength that is not red
• Additive color mixing:  Subtractive color mixing:
Graphics Logical Pipeline

Programmable graphics shader stages are blue, and fixed-


function blocks are white.
Базовая унифицированная архитектура GPU
Basic Unified GPU Architecture
NVIDIA Processor Array

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