Excel Text Functions

Functions to Remove Extra Characters Replacing / Substituting Parts of a Text String

CLEAN Removes all non-printable characters from a

REPLACE Replaces all or part of a text string with
supplied text string
another string (from a user supplied
position)
TRIM Removes duplicate spaces, and spaces at
the start and end of a text string
SUBSTITUTE Substitutes all occurrences of a search
text string, within an original text string,
Functions to Convert Excel Data Types with the supplied replacement text

BAHTTEXT Converts a number, plus the suffix "Baht"

Cutting Up & Piecing Together Text Strings
into Thai text

DOLLAR CONCATENATE
Converts a supplied number into text, Joins together two or more text
using a currency format strings

FIXED LEFT
Rounds a supplied number to a specified Returns a specified number of
number of decimal places, and then characters from the start of a supplied
converts this into text text string

TEXT Converts a supplied value into text, using MID

a Returns a specified number of
user-specified format characters from the middle of a
supplied text string
VALUE Converts a text string into a numeric value
RIGHT Returns a specified number of
characters from the end of a supplied
Functions to Convert Between Upper & Lower Case text string

LOWER Converts all characters in a supplied text

REPT Returns a string consisting of a
string to lower case
supplied text string, repeated a
specified number of times
PROPER Converts all characters in a supplied text
string to proper case (i.e. letters that do not
follow another letter are upper case and all Information Functions
other characters are lower case)
LEN Returns the length of a supplied text string

UPPER FIND
Converts all characters in a supplied text Returns the position of a supplied character
string to upper case or text string from within a supplied text
string (case-sensitive)

Converting Between Characters & Numeric Codes SEARCH Returns the position of a supplied character
or text string from within a supplied text
CHAR Returns the character that corresponds to a string (non-case-sensitive)
supplied numeric value
EXACT Tests if two supplied text strings are exactly
CODE Returns the numeric code for the first the same and if so, returns TRUE;
character of a supplied string Otherwise, returns FALSE. (case-sensitive)
T Tests whether a supplied value is text and
if so, returns the supplied text; If not,
returns an empty text string.
Excel Logical Functions

Boolean Operator Functions Conditional Functions

AND Tests a number of user-defined conditions andIF Tests a user-defined condition and returns
returns TRUE if ALL of the conditions evaluate one result if the condition is TRUE, and
to TRUE, or FALSE otherwise another result if the condition is FALSE
OR Tests a number of user-defined conditions and
IFERRO
returns TRUE if ANY of the conditions evaluate Tests if an initial supplied value (or
to TRUE, or FALSE otherwise R expression) returns an error, and if so the
function returns a supplied value; Otherwise
NOT Returns a logical value that is the opposite of a the function returns the initial value. (New in
user supplied logical value or expression Excel 2007)
(ie. returns FALSE is the supplied argument is
TRUE and returns TRUE if the supplied Functions Returning Constant Values
argument is FALSE)
TRUE Simply returns the logical value TRUE
FALSE Simply returns the logical value FALSE

Excel Information Functions

Error Information Functions Other Data Type Functions

ISERROR Tests if an initial supplied value (or

ISBLANK Tests if a supplied cell is blank (empty),
expression) returns an error and if so,
and if so, returns TRUE; Otherwise,
returns TRUE; Otherwise returns
returns FALSE
FALSE

ISERR ISLOGICAL
Tests if an initial supplied value (or Tests if a supplied value is a logical value,
expression) returns an error (EXCEPT and if so, returns TRUE; Otherwise,
for the #N/A error) and if so, returns returns FALSE
TRUE; Otherwise returns FALSE

ISTEXT Tests if a supplied value is text, and if so,

ISNA Tests if an initial supplied value (or
returns TRUE; Otherwise, returns FALSE
expression) returns the Excel #N/A error
and if so, returns TRUE; Otherwise
returns FALSE ISNONTEXT Tests if a supplied value is text, and if it is
NOT, returns TRUE; Otherwise, returns
ERROR.TYPE Tests a supplied value and returns an FALSE
integer relating to the supplied value's
error type
ISREF Tests if a supplied value is a reference,
and if so, returns TRUE; Otherwise,
Numerical Information Functions returns FALSE
ISNUMBER Tests if a supplied value is a number, and
if so, returns TRUE; Otherwise, returns
FALSE. TYPE Returns information about the data type of
a supplied value
ISEVEN Tests if a supplied number (or expression)
is an even number, and if so, returns
 TRUE; Otherwise, returns FALSE. General Information Functions
ISODD Tests if a supplied number (or expression)
is an odd number, and if so, returns TRUE;
CELL Returns information about the contents,
Otherwise, returns FALSE. formatting or location of a given cell
N Converts a non-number value to a number,
a date to a serial number, the logical value
INFO Returns information about the the current
TRUE to 1 and all other values to 0 operating environment

Function Returning a Constant Value

NA Returns the Excel #N/A error

Excel Date and Time Functions

Before using the Date and Time Excel Functions, it is advised that you ensure you have a clear understanding
of the way Excel stores Dates and Times - For details, see the Excel Dates and Times pages.

Creating Dates & Times Performing Calculations with Dates

DATE EDATE
Returns a date, from a user-supplied Returns a date that is the
year, month and day specified number of months
before or after an initial
supplied start date
TIME Returns a time, from a user-supplied
hour, minute and second EOMONTH Returns a date that is the last
day of the month which is a
DATEVALUE Converts a text string showing a date, to specified number of months
an integer that represents the date in before or after an initial
Excel's date-time code supplied start date

WORKDAY Returns a date that is a

TIMEVALUE Converts a text string showing a time, to supplied number of working
a decimal that represents the time in days (excluding weekends &
Excel holidays) ahead of a given start
date
Current Date & Time
WORKDAY.INTL Returns a date that is a
supplied number of working
NOW Returns the current date & time days (excluding weekends &
holidays) ahead of a given start
TODAY Returns today's date date, using supplied
parameters to specify weekend
days (New in Excel 2010)
Extracting The Components of a Time
DAYS360 Calculates the number of days
HOUR Returns the hour part of a user-supplied time between 2 dates, based on a
360-day year (12 x 30 months)

MINUTE Returns the minute part of a user-supplied

NETWORKDAYS Returns the number of whole
time networkdays (excluding
weekends & holidays),
SECOND Returns the seconds part of a user-supplied between two supplied dates
 time NETWORKDAYS.INTL Returns the number of whole
networkdays (excluding
Extracting The Components of a Date weekends & holidays),
between two supplied dates,
DAY Returns the day (of the month) from a using parameters to specify
user-supplied date weekend days (New in Excel
2010)
MONTH Returns the month from a user-supplied
date
YEARFRAC Calculates the fraction of the
YEAR Returns the year from a user-supplied date year represented by the
number of whole days between
WEEKNU Returns an integer representing the week two dates
M number (from 1 to 53) of the year from a
user-supplied date
WEEKDAY Returns an integer representing the day of
the week for a supplied date

Excel Lookup and Reference Functions

Functions To Return References to Cell Ranges Data Lookup Functions

HLOOKUP Looks up a supplied value in the first

ADDRESS Returns a reference, in text format, for a row of a table, and returns the
supplied row and column number corresponding value from another
row

INDEX Returns a reference to a cell (or range of

cells) for requested rows and columns VLOOKUP Looks up a supplied value in the first
within a supplied range column of a table, and returns the
corresponding value from another
column
INDIRECT Returns a cell or range reference that is
represented by a supplied text string LOOKUP Searches for a specific value in one
data vector, and returns a value from
the corresponding position of a
OFFSET Returns a reference to a range of cells that second data vector
is a specified number of rows and columns
from an initial supplied range GETPIVOTDATA Extracts data stored in a Pivot Table

CHOOSE Returns one of a list of values,

Row / Column / Area Information
depending on the value of a supplied
index number
ROW Returns the row number of a supplied
range, or of the current cell
MATCH Finds the relative position of a value
COLUMN Returns the column number of a supplied in a supplied array
range, or of the current cell

ROWS Other
Returns the number of rows in a supplied
range HYPERLINK Creates a hyperlink to a document in a
supplied location.
COLUMNS Returns the number of columns in a
supplied range TRANSPOSE Performs a transpose transformation on
a range of cells (ie. transforms a
horizontal range of cells into a vertical
 AREAS Returns the number of areas in a supplied range and vice versa)
range RTD Retrieves real-time data from a program
that supports COM automation

Excel Math and Trig Functions

Basic Numeric Information Conditional Sums

SUMIF Adds the cells in a supplied range, that

ABS Returns the absolute value (ie. the modulus)
satisfy a given criteria
of a supplied number

SUMIFS Adds the cells in a supplied range, that

SIGN Returns the sign (+1, -1 or 0) of a supplied satisfy multiple criteria (New in Excel
number 2007)

GCD Returns the Greatest Common Divisor of two

Advanced Mathematical Operations
or more supplied numbers
SUMPRODUCT Returns the sum of the products of
LCM Returns the Least Common Multiple of two or corresponding values in two or more
more supplied numbers supplied arrays

SUMSQ Returns the sum of the squares of a

Basic Mathematical Operations supplied list of numbers

SUM SUMX2MY2
Returns the sum of a supplied list of Returns the sum of the difference of
numbers squares of corresponding values in
two supplied arrays

PRODUCT Returns the product of a supplied list of

SUMX2PY2 Returns the sum of the sum of squares
numbers
of corresponding values in two
supplied arrays
POWER Returns the result of a given number
raised to a supplied power SUMXMY2 Returns the sum of squares of
differences of corresponding values in
two supplied arrays
SQRT Returns the positive square root of a
given number
SERIESSUM Returns the sum of a power series

QUOTIENT Returns the integer portion of a division

between two supplied numbers Trigonometry Functions

PI Returns the constant value of pi

MOD Returns the remainder from a division
between two supplied numbers
SQRTPI Returns the square root of a supplied
number multiplied by pi
AGGREGATE Performs a specified calculation (eg. the
sum, product, average, etc.) for a list or
database, with the option to ignore DEGREES Converts Radians to Degrees
hidden rows and error values (New in
RADIANS Converts Degrees to Radians
 Excel 2010)

SUBTOTAL COS
Performs a specified calculation (eg. the Returns the Cosine of a given angle
sum, product, average, etc.) for a
supplied set of values
ACOS Returns the Arccosine of a number

Rounding Functions COSH Returns the hyperbolic cosine of a number

ACOSH Returns the inverse hyperbolic cosine of a

CEILING Rounds a number away from zero number
(ie. rounds a positive number up
and a negative number down), to a
multiple of significance SIN Returns the Sine of a given angle

CEILING.PRECISE ASIN
Rounds a number up, regardless of Returns the Arcsine of a number
the sign of the number, to a
multiple of significance (New in
SINH Returns the Hyperbolic Sine of a number
Excel 2010)
ASINH Returns the Inverse Hyperbolic Sine of a
ISO.CEILING Rounds a number up, regardless of number
the sign of the number, to a
multiple of significance. (New in
TAN Returns the Tangent of a given angle
Excel 2010)

ATAN Returns the Arctangent of a given number

EVEN Rounds a number away from zero
(ie. rounds a positive number up
and a negative number down), toATAN2 Returns the Arctangent of a given pair of x
the next even number and y coordinates

TANH Returns the Hyperbolic Tangent of a given

FLOOR Rounds a number towards zero number
(ie. rounds a positive number down
and a negative number up), to a
multiple of significance ATANH Returns the Inverse Hyperbolic Tangent of
a given number

FLOOR.PRECISE Rounds a number down

regardless of the sign of the Matrix Functions
number, to a multiple of
significance (New in Excel 2010) MDETERM Returns the matrix determinant of a
supplied array
INT Rounds a number down to the next
integer MINVERSE Returns the matrix inverse of a supplied
array

MROUND Rounds a number up or down

MMULT Returns the matrix product of two supplied
the nearest multiple of significance
arrays

ODD Rounds a number away from zero Factorials

(ie. rounds a positive number up
and a negative number down), to
the next odd number FACT Returns the Factorial of a given
 ROUND Rounds a number up or down, to a number
given number of digits

FACTDOUBLE Returns the Double Factorial of a given

ROUNDDOWN Rounds a number towards zero number
(ie. rounds a positive number down
and a negative number up), to a
given number of digits MULTINOMIA Returns the Multinomial of a given set
L of numbers

ROUNDUP Rounds a number away from zero

(ie. rounds a positive number upRandom Numbers
and a negative number down), to a
given number of digits
RAND Returns a random number between 0
and 1
TRUNC Truncates a number towards zero
(ie. rounds a positive number down
RANDBETWEEN Returns a random number between
and a negative number up), to the two given integers
next integer.

Miscellaneous
Exponentials & Logarithms COMBIN Returns the number of combinations for a
given number of objects
EXP Returns e raised to a given power
ROMAN Returns a text string depicting the roman
LN Returns the natural logarithm of a given
numeral for a given number
number
LOG Returns the logarithm of a given number, to a
specified base
LOG10 Returns the base 10 logarithm of a given
number

Excel Statistical Functions

Finding the Largest & Smallest Values Counting Cells

COUNT Returns the number of numerical

MAX Returns the largest value from a list of values in a supplied set of cells or
supplied numbers values

MAXA COUNTA
Returns the largest value from a list of Returns the number of non-blanks in a
supplied values, counting text and the supplied set of cells or values
logical value FALSE as the value 0 and
counting the logical value TRUE as theCOUNTBLANK Returns the number of blank cells in a
value 1 supplied range

COUNTIF Returns the number of cells (of a

MIN Returns the smallest value from a list of supplied range), that satisfy a given
supplied numbers criteria

COUNTIFS Returns the number of cells (of a

MINA Returns the smallest value from a list of
supplied range), that satisfy a set of
 supplied values, counting text and the given criteria (New in Excel 2007)
logical value FALSE as the value 0 and
counting the logical value TRUE as the
value 1 Distribution & Tests of Probability

BETADIST Returns the cumulative beta

probability density function
LARGE Returns the Kth LARGEST value from a (Replaced by BETA.DIST
list of supplied numbers, for a given value function in Excel 2010)
K
BETA.DIST Returns the cumulative beta
distribution function or the beta
SMALL Returns the Kth SMALLEST value from a probability density function
list of supplied numbers, for a given value in Excel 2010 - replaces
K BETADIST function)
BETAINV Returns the inverse of the
cumulative beta probability
Averages, Frequency & Rank density function (Replaced by
BETA.INV function in Excel
2010)
AVERAGE Returns the Average of a list of
BETA.INV Returns the inverse of the
supplied numbers cumulative beta probability
density function (New in Excel
2010 - replaces BETAINV
AVERAGEA Returns the Average of a list of function)
supplied numbers, counting text
and the logical value FALSE asBINOMDIST Returns the individual term
the value 0 and counting the binomial distribution probability
logical value TRUE as the value (Replaced by BINOM.DIST
1 function in Excel 2010)
BINOM.DIST Returns the individual term
binomial distribution probability
AVERAGEIF Calculates the Average of the (New in Excel 2010 - replaces
cells in a supplied range, that BINOMDIST function)
satisfy a given criteria (New in
Excel 2007) NEGBINOMDIST Returns the negative binomial
distribution (Replaced by
NEGBINOM.DIST function in
Excel 2010)
AVERAGEIFS Calculates the Average of the
cells in a supplied range, that NEGBINOM.DIST Returns the negative binomial
satisfy multiple criteria (New in distribution (New in Excel 2010 -
Excel 2007) replaces NEGBINOMDIST
function)
CRITBINOM Returns the smallest value for
MEDIAN Returns the Median (the middle which the cumulative binomial
value) of a list of supplied distribution is greater than or
numbers equal to a criterion value
(Replaced by BINOM.INV
function in Excel 2010)
MODE Returns the Mode (the most
frequently occurring value) of BINOM.INV
a Returns the smallest value for
list of supplied numbers which the cumulative binomial
(Replaced by MODE.SNGL distribution is greater than or
function in Excel 2010) equal to a criterion value
in Excel 2010 - replaces
CRITBINOM function)
MODE.SNGL Returns the Mode (the most CHIDIST Returns the right-tailed
frequently occurring value) of a
 list of supplied numbers (New in probability of the chi-squared
Excel 2010 - replaces MODE distribution (Replaced by
function) CHISQ.DIST.RT function in
Excel 2010)
CHISQ.DIST.RT Returns the right-tailed
MODE.MULT Returns a vertical array of the probability of the chi-squared
most frequently occurring values distribution (New in Excel 2010 -
in an array or range of data replaces CHIDIST function)
(New in Excel 2010)
CHISQ.DIST Returns the chi-squared
distribution (probability density
GEOMEAN Returns the geometric mean of or cumulative distribution
a set of supplied numbers function) (New in Excel 2010)
CHIINV Returns the inverse of the right-
tailed probability of the chi-
HARMEAN Returns the harmonic mean of a squared distribution (Replaced
set of supplied numbers by CHISQ.INV.RT function in
Excel 2010)
CHISQ.INV.RT Returns the inverse of the right-
TRIMMEAN Returns the mean of the interior
tailed probability of the chi-
of a supplied set of values
squared distribution (New in
Excel 2010 - replaces CHIINV
function)
FREQUENCY Returns an array showing the
number of values from CHISQ.INV
a Returns the inverse of the left-
supplied array, which fall into tailed probability of the chi-
specified ranges squared distribution (New in
Excel 2010)
CHITEST Returns the chi-squared
RANK Returns the statistical rank of a statistical test for independence
given value, within a supplied (Replaced by CHISQ.TEST
array of values (Replaced by function in Excel 2010)
RANK.EQ function in Excel
2010) CHISQ.TEST Returns the chi-squared
statistical test for independence
(New in Excel 2010 - replaces
RANK.EQ Returns the Mode (the most CHITEST function)
frequently occurring value) of CORREL
a Returns the correlation
list of supplied numbers (if more coefficient between two sets of
than one value has same rank, values
the top rank of that set is
returned) (New in Excel 2010 EXPONDIST
- Returns the exponential
replaces RANK function) distribution (Replaced by
EXPON.DIST function in Excel
2010)
RANK.AVG Returns the statistical rank of EXPON.DIST
a Returns the exponential
given value, within a supplied distribution (New in Excel 2010 -
array of values (if more than one replaces EXPONDIST function)
value has same rank, the
average rank is returned) (New FDIST Returns the right-tailed F
in Excel 2010) probability distribution for two
data sets (Replaced by
F.DIST.RT function in Excel
KURT Returns the kurtosis of a data 2010)
set F.DIST.RT Returns the right-tailed F
probability distribution for two
data sets (New in Excel 2010 -
PERCENTILE Returns the K'th percentile of replaces FDIST function)
values in a supplied range, F.DIST Returns the F probability
where K is in the range 0 - 1 distribution (probability density
(inclusive) (Replaced by or cumulative distribution
PERCENTILE.INC function in function) (New in Excel 2010)
Excel 2010)
FINV Returns the inverse of the right-
tailed F probability distribution
PERCENTILE.INC Returns the K'th percentile of for two data sets (Replaced by
values in a supplied range, F.INV.RT function in Excel
where K is in the range 0 - 1 2010)
(inclusive) (New in Excel 2010 F.INV.RT
- Returns the inverse of the right-
replaces PERCENTILE tailed F probability distribution
function) for two data sets (New in Excel
2010 - replaces FINV function)

PERCENTILE.EXC Returns the K'th percentile of F.INV Returns the inverse of the
values in a supplied range, Cumulative F distribution
where K is in the range 0 - 1 in Excel 2010)
(exclusive) (New in Excel 2010)FISHER Returns the Fisher
transformation

PERCENTRANK Returns the rank of a value in FISHERINV

a Returns the inverse of the Fisher
data set, as a percentage (0 - 1 transformation
inclusive) (Replaced by
FTEST Returns the result of an F-Test
PERCENTRANK.INC function for 2 supplied data sets
in Excel 2010) (Replaced by F.TEST function in
Excel 2010)

PERCENTRANK.INC Returns the rank of a value in F.TEST

a Returns the result of an F-Test
data set, as a percentage (0 - 1 for 2 supplied data sets (New in
inclusive) (New in Excel 2010 - Excel 2010 - replaces FTEST
replaces PERCENTRANK function)
function) GAMMADIST Returns the gamma distribution
(Replaced by GAMMA.DIST
function in Excel 2010)
PERCENTRANK.EXC Returns the rank of a value in a
data set, as a percentage (0 - GAMMA.DIST
1 Returns the gamma distribution
exclusive) (New in Excel 2010) (New in Excel 2010 - replaces
GAMMADIST function)
GAMMAINV Returns the inverse gamma
QUARTILE Returns the specified quartile of cumulative distribution
a set of supplied numbers, (Replaced by GAMMA.INV
based on percentile value 0 - 1 function in Excel 2010)
(inclusive) (Replaced by
QUARTILE.INC function GAMMA.INV
in Returns the inverse gamma
Excel 2010) cumulative distribution (New in
Excel 2010 - replaces
GAMMAINV function)
QUARTILE.INC Returns the specified quartile of
GAMMALN Calculates the natural logarithm
a set of supplied numbers, of the gamma function for a
based on percentile value 0 - 1 supplied value
(inclusive) (New in Excel 2010 -
replaces QUARTILE function) GAMMALN.PRECIS Returns the natural logarithm of
E the gamma function for a
supplied value (New in Excel
2010)
QUARTILE.EXC Returns the specified quartile of
 a set of supplied numbers, HYPGEOMDIST Returns the hypergeometric
based on percentile value 0 - 1 distribution (Replaced by
(exclusive) (New in Excel 2010) HYPGEOM.DIST function in
Excel 2010)
HYPGEOM.DIST Returns the hypergeometric
Deviation & Variance distribution (New in Excel 2010 -
replaces HYPGEOMDIST
function)
AVEDEV Returns the average of theLOGNORMDIST Returns the cumulative log-
absolute deviations of data normal distribution (Replaced by
points from their mean LOGNORM.DIST function in
Excel 2010)
STDEV LOGNORM.DIST
Returns the standard deviation Returns the log-normal
of a supplied set of values probability density function or
(which represent a sample of a the cumulative log- normal
population) (Replaced by distribution (New in Excel 2010 -
STDEV.S function in Excel replaces LOGNORMDIST
2010) function)
LOGINV Returns the inverse of the
lognormal distribution (Replaced
STDEV.S Returns the standard deviation by LOGNORM.INV function in
of a supplied set of values Excel 2010)
(which represent a sample of a
LOGNORM.INV
population) (New in Excel 2010 Returns the inverse of the
- replaces STDEV function) lognormal distribution (New in
Excel 2010 - replaces LOGINV
function)
STDEVA Returns the standard deviationNORMDIST Returns the normal cumulative
of a supplied set of values distribution (Replaced by
(which represent a sample of a NORM.DIST function in Excel
population), counting text and 2010)
the logical value FALSE as the
NORM.DIST
value 0 and counting the logical Returns the normal cumulative
value TRUE as the value 1 distribution (New in Excel 2010 -
replaces NORMDIST function)
NORMINV Returns the inverse of the
STDEVP Returns the standard deviation normal cumulative distribution
of a supplied set of values (Replaced by NORM.INV
(which represent an entire function in Excel 2010)
population) (Replaced by
STDEV.P function in Excel NORM.INV Returns the inverse of the
2010) normal cumulative distribution
(New in Excel 2010 - replaces
NORMINV function)
STDEV.P Returns the standard deviation
NORMSDIST Returns the standard normal
of a supplied set of values cumulative distribution
(which represent an entire (Replaced by NORM.S.DIST
population) (New in Excel 2010 function in Excel 2010)
- replaces STDEVP function)
NORM.S.DIST Returns the standard normal
cumulative distribution (New in
STDEVPA Returns the standard deviation Excel 2010 - replaces
of a supplied set of values NORMSDIST function)
(which represent an entire NORMSINV Returns the inverse of the
population), counting text and standard normal cumulative
the logical value FALSE as the distribution (Replaced by
 value 0 and counting the logical NORM.S.INV function in Excel
value TRUE as the value 1 2010)
NORM.S.INV Returns the inverse of the
standard normal cumulative
VAR Returns the variance of a distribution (New in Excel 2010 -
supplied set of values (which replaces NORMSINV function)
represent a sample of a
PEARSON
population) (Replaced by VAR.S Returns the Pearson product
function in Excel 2010) moment correlation coefficient
RSQ Returns the square of the
Pearson product moment
VAR.S Returns the variance of a correlation coefficient
supplied set of values (which
represent a sample of POISSONa Returns the Poisson distribution
population) (New in Excel 2010 (Replaced by POISSON.DIST
- replaces VAR function) function in Excel 2010)
POISSON.DIST Returns the Poisson distribution
(New in Excel 2010 - replaces
VARA Returns the variance of a POISSON function)
supplied set of values (which
represent a sample of PROB a Returns the probablity that
population), counting text and values in a supplied range are
the logical value FALSE as the within given limits
value 0 and counting the logical
SKEW Returns the skewness of a
value TRUE as the value 1 distribution
STANDARDIZE Returns a normalized value
VARP Returns the variance of TDIST
a Returns the Student's T-
supplied set of values (which distribution (Replaced by
represent an entire population) T.DIST.2T & T.DIST.RT
(Replaced by VAR.P function in functions in Excel 2010)
Excel 2010)
T.DIST.2T Returns the two-tailed Student's
T-distribution (New in Excel
VAR.P Returns the variance of a 2010 - replaces TDIST function)
supplied set of values (whichT.DIST.RT Returns the right-tailed Student's
represent an entire population) T-distribution (New in Excel
(New in Excel 2010 - replaces 2010 - replaces TDIST function)
VARP function)
T.DIST Returns the Student's T-
distribution (probability density
VARPA Returns the variance of a or cumulative distribution
supplied set of values (which function) (New in Excel 2010)
represent an entire population),
TINV Returns the two-tailed inverse of
counting text and the logical the Student's T-distribution
value FALSE as the value 0 and (Replaced by T.INV.2T function
counting the logical value TRUE in Excel 2010)
as the value 1
T.INV.2T Returns the two-tailed inverse of
the Student's T-distribution
COVAR Returns population covariance in Excel 2010 - replaces TINV
(ie. the average of the products function)
of deviations for each pair within
T.INV Returns the left-tailed inverse of
two supplied data sets) the Student's T-distribution
(Replaced by COVARIANCE.P in Excel 2010)
function in Excel 2010)
TTEST Returns the probability
associated with a Student's T-
COVARIANCE.P Returns population covariance Test (Replaced by T.TEST
(ie. the average of the products function in Excel 2010)
of deviations for each pair within
T.TEST Returns the probability
two supplied data sets) (New in associated with a Student's T-
Excel 2010 - replaces COVAR Test (New in Excel 2010 -
function) replaces TTEST function)
WEIBULL Returns the Weibull distribution
COVARIANCE.S Returns sample covariance (ie. (Replaced by WEIBULL.DIST
the average of the products of function in Excel 2010)
deviations for each pair within
WEIBULL.DIST Returns the Weibull distribution
two supplied data sets) (New in (New in Excel 2010 - replaces
Excel 2010) WEIBULL function)
ZTEST Returns the one-tailed
CONFIDENCE Returns the confidence interval probability value of a z-test
for a population mean, using a (Replaced by Z.TEST function in
normal distribution (Replaced by Excel 2010)
CONFIDENCE.NORM function Z.TEST Returns the one-tailed
in Excel 2010) probability value of a z-test
(New in Excel 2010 - replaces
ZTEST function)
CONFIDENCE.NORM Returns the confidence interval
for a population mean, using a
normal distribution (New in
Excel 2010 - replaces
CONFIDENCE function)

CONFIDENCE.T Returns the confidence interval

for a population mean, using a
Student's t distribution (New in
Excel 2010)

DEVSQ Returns the sum of the squares

of the deviations of a set of data
points from their sample mean

Trend Line Functions

FORECAST Predicts a future point on a linear trend

line fitted to a supplied set of x- and y-
values

INTERCEPT Calculates the best fit regression line,

through a supplied series of x- and y-
values and returns the value at which this
line intercepts the y-axis
 LINEST Returns statistical information describing
the trend of the line of best fit, through a
supplied series of x- and y- values

SLOPE Returns the slope of the linear regression

line through a supplied series of x- and y-
values

TREND Calculates the trend line through a given

set of y-values and returns additional y-
values for a supplied set of new x-values

GROWTH Returns numbers in a exponential growth

trend, based on a set of supplied x- and y-
values

LOGEST Returns the parameters of an exponential

trend for a supplied set of x- and y- values

STEYX Returns the standard error of the

predicted y-value for each x in the
regression line for a set of supplied x- and
y- values

Miscellaneous

PERMUT Returns the number of permutations for a

given number of objects

Excel Database Functions

Database Functions Database Functions

DAVERAG Calculates the average of values in a field DPRODUCT Calculates the product of values in a field
E of a list or database, that satisfy specified of a list or database, that satisfy specified
conditions conditions

DCOUNT Returns the number of cells containing DSTDEV Calculates the standard deviation (based
numbers in a field of a list or database on a sample of a population), of values in
that satisfy specified conditions a field of a list or database, that satisfy
specified conditions
DCOUNTA Returns the number of non-blank cells in a
field of a list or database, that satisfyDSTDEVP Calculates the standard deviation (based
specified conditions on an entire population), of values in a
field of a list or database, that satisfy
DGET Returns a single value from a field of a list specified conditions
or database, that satisfy specified
conditions DSUM Calculates the sum of values in a field of a
list or database, that satisfy specified
 DMAX Returns the maximum value from a field of conditions
a list or database, that satisfy specified
conditions DVAR Calculates the variance (based on a
sample of a population), of values in a
field of a list or database, that satisfy
DMIN Returns the minimum value from a field of specified conditions
a list or database, that satisfy specified
conditions DVARP Calculates the variance (based on an
entire population), of values in a field of a
list or database, that satisfy specified
conditions

Excel Financial Functions

Investment Value Functions Internal Rate of Return Functions

FV Calculates the future value of an

investment with periodic constant IRR Calculates the internal rate of return for a
payments and a constant interest rate series of cash flows

FVSCHEDULE MIRR
Calculates the future value of an initial Calculates the internal rate of return for a
principal, after applying a series of series of periodic cash flows, considering the
compound interest rates cost of the investment and the interest on the
reinvestment of cash
NPV Calculates the net present value of an
investment, based on a supplied XIRR Calculates the internal rate of return for a
discount rate, and a series of future schedule of cash flows
payments and income

PV Calculates the present value of an Asset Depreciation Functions

investment (ie. the total amount that a
series of future payments is worth now)
AMORDEGR Calculates the prorated linear
RECEIVED Calculates the amount received at C depreciation of an asset for each
maturity for a fully invested Security accounting period (with depreciation
coefficient applied, depending on the
life of the asset)
XNPV Calculates the net present value for a
schedule of cash flows
AMORLINC Calculates the prorated linear
depreciation of an asset for each
Payment Functions accounting period

CUMIPMT Calculates the cumulative interest paid

DB Calculates the depreciation of an asset
between two specified periods for a specified period, using the fixed-
declining balance method
CUMPRIN Calculates the cumulative principal paid on
C a loan, between two specified periods
DDB Calculates the depreciation of an asset
for a specified period, using the double-
IPMT Calculates the interest payment for a given declining balance method, or some
period of an investment, with periodic
 constant payments and a constant interest other user-specified method
rate

SLN Returns the straight-line depreciation of

ISPMT Returns the interest paid during a specified an asset for one period
period of an investment

PMT Calculates the payments required to SYD Returns the sum-of-years' digits
reduce a loan, from a supplied present depreciation of an asset for a specified
value to a specified future value period

PPMT Calculates the payment on the principal for

VDB Returns the depreciation of an asset for
a given investment, with periodic constant a specified period, (including partial
payments and a constant interest rate periods), using the double-declining
balance method or another user-
specified method
Duration Functions

COUPDAYBS Calculates the number of days from Interest Rate Functions

the beginning of the coupon period to
the settlement date
ACCRINT Calculates the accrued interest for a
security that pays periodic interest
COUPDAYS Calculates the number of days in the
coupon period that contains the
settlement date
ACCRINTM Calculates the accrued interest for a
security that pays interest at maturity
COUPDAYSNC Calculates the number of days from
the settlement date to the next coupon
date DISC Calculates the discount rate for a security

COUPNCD Returns the next coupon date after the

EFFECT Calculates the effective annual interest
settlement date rate

COUPNUM Returns the number of coupons

INTRATE Calculates the interest rate for a fully
payable between the settlement date
invested security
and maturity date

COUPPCD NOMINAL
Returns the previous coupon date, Calculates the annual nominal interest rate
before the settlement date

RATE Calculates the interest rate required to pay

DURATION Calculates the Macauley duration of a off a specified amount of a loan, or reach a
security with an assumed par value of target amount on an investment over a
$100 given period

MDURATION Calculates the Macauley modified

duration for a security with anDollar Conversion
assumed par value of $100

NPER DOLLARDE
Returns the number of periods for an Converts a dollar price expressed as a
investment with periodic constant fraction, into a dollar price expressed as a
decimal
 payments and a constant interest rateDOLLARFR Converts a dollar price expressed as a
decimal, into a dollar price expressed as a
fraction
Yield Functions

YIELD Calculates the yield of a security that pays

periodic interest Price Functions

YIELDDISC Calculates the annual yield of a

PRICE Calculates the price per $100 face value
discounted security of a security that pays periodic interest
YIELDMAT Calculates the annual yield of a security
PRICEDISC Calculates the price per $100 face value
that pays interest at maturity of a discounted security
ODDFYIEL Calculates the yield of a security with an
PRICEMAT Calculates the price per $100 face value
D odd first period
of a security that pays interest at maturity
ODDLYIEL Calculates the yield of a security with an
D odd last period ODDFPRICE Calculates the price per $100 face value
of a security with an odd first period
TBILLEQ Calculates the bond-equivalent yield for a
treasury bill ODDLPRICE Calculates the price per $100 face value
of a security with an odd last period
TBILLYIELD Calculates the yield for a treasury bill
TBILLPRICE Calculates the price per $100 face value
for a treasury bill

Excel Engineering Functions

Converting Between Units of Measurement Testing Numeric Values

CONVER Converts a number from one measurement

DELTA Tests whether two supplied numbers are
T system to another equal

Bessel Functions GESTEP Tests whether a number is greater than a

supplied threshold value

BESSELI Calculates the modified Bessel function In(x)

Complex Numbers
BESSELJ Calculates the Bessel function Jn(x) COMPLEX Converts user-supplied real and
imaginary coefficients into a complex
number
BESSELK Calculates the modified Bessel function
Kn(x) IMABS Returns the absolute value (the
modulus) of a complex number
BESSELY Calculates the modified Bessel function
IMAGINARY Returns the imaginary coefficient of a
Yn(x) complex number
IMARGUMENT Returns the argument Θ (an angle
Converting Between Bases expressed in radians) of a complex
number
IMCONJUGAT Returns the complex conjugate of a
BIN2DEC Converts a binary number to a decimal E complex number
 BIN2HEX Converts a binary number to hexadecimal IMCOS Returns the cosine of a complex
number

BIN2OCT Converts a binary number to octal IMDIV Returns the quotient of two supplied
complex numbers

DEC2BIN Converts a decimal number to binary IMEXP Returns the exponential of a complex
number
IMLN Returns the natural logarithm of a
DEC2HEX Converts a decimal number to hexadecimal
complex number
IMLOG10 Returns the base-10 logarithm of a
DEC2OCT Converts a decimal number to octal complex number
IMLOG2 Returns the base-2 logarithm of a
HEX2BIN Converts a hexadecimal number to binary complex number
IMPOWER Calculates a complex number raised
HEX2DEC Converts a hexadecimal number to a to a supplied power
decimal
IMPRODUCT Returns the product of up to 255
supplied complex numbers
HEX2OCT Converts a hexadecimal number to octal
IMREAL Returns the real coefficient of a
complex number
OCT2BIN Converts octal number to binary IMSIN Returns the sine of a complex number
IMSQRT Returns the square root of a complex
OCT2DEC Converts octal number to a decimal number
IMSUB Subtracts two complex numbers
OCT2HEX Converts octal number to hexadecimal
IMSUM Calculates the sum of two complex
numbers
The Error Function

ERF Returns the error function integrated

between two supplied limits
ERF.PRECISE Returns the error function integrated
between 0 and a supplied limit (New
in Excel 2010)
ERFC Returns the complementary error
function integrated between a
supplied lower limit and infinity
ERFC.PRECISE Returns the complementary error
function integrated between a
supplied lower limit and infinity (New
in Excel 2010)

Excel Cube Functions

The Excel Cube functions perform calculations and extract data from a cube, which is stored on an external
SQL server. These functions are only supported with a connection to Microsoft SQL Server 2005 Analysis
Services or later data source.
Cube Functions Cube Functions
CUBEKPIMEMBER Returns a Key Performance
CUBESET Defines a calculated set of
Indicator (KPI) property and
members or tuples by sending a
displays the KPI name in the
set expression to the cube on the
cell (New in Excel 2007)
server, which creates the set, and
CUBEMEMBER Returns a member or tuple then returns that set to Microsoft
from the cube (New in Excel Office Excel (New in Excel 2007)
2007)
CUBESETCOUNT Returns the number of items in a
CUBEMEMBERPROPERTY Returns the value of a set (New in Excel 2007)
member property from the
cube (New in Excel 2007) CUBEVALUE Returns an aggregated value
from the cube (New in Excel
CUBERANKEDMEMBER Returns the nth, or ranked,
2007)
member in a set (New in
Excel 2007)