6Laguna (province)

 Language
 Download PDF
 Watch
 Edit
For other uses, see Laguna.

Laguna, officially the Province of Laguna (Tagalog: Lalawigan ng

Laguna; Spanish: Provincia de Laguna), is a province in the Philippines,
located in the Calabarzonregion in Luzon. Its capital is Santa Cruz and the
province is situated southeast of Metro Manila, south of the province of Rizal,
west of Quezon, north of Batangas and east of Cavite. Laguna hugs the
southern shores of Laguna de Bay, the largest lake in the country. As of the
2015 census, the province's total population is 3,035,081[4]. It is also
currently the seventh richest province in the country.[5]

Laguna

Province

Province of Laguna

Laguna Provincial Capitol

Flag
 Seal

Motto(s): 

"Laban, Laguna!"

Location in the Philippines

Coordinates: 14°10′N 121°20′E

Country Philippines

Region Calabarzon (Region IV-A)

Founded July 28, 1571[1][2]

Capital Santa Cruz

Government

 • Type Sangguniang
Panlalawigan

 • Governor Ramil L. Hernandez (PDP-

Laban)

 • Vice Governor Katherine C. Agapay (PDP-

Laban)

Area
[3]

 • Total 1,917.85 km2(740.49 sq mi)

Area rank 63rd out of 81

Highest elevation 2,170 m (7,120 ft)

 (Mount Banahaw)

Population

 (2015 census)[4]

 • Total 3,035,081

 • Rank 3rd out of 81

 • Density 1,600/km2 (4,100/sq mi)

 • Density rank 3rd out of 81

Divisions

 • Independent ci 0
ties

 • Component 6
 cities  Biñan
 Cabuyao
 Calamba
 San Pablo
 San Pedro
 Santa Rosa

 • Municipalities 24

 Alaminos
 Bay
 Calauan
 Cavinti
 Famy
 Kalayaan
 Liliw
 Los Baños
 Luisiana
 Lumban
 Mabitac
 Magdalena
 Majayjay
 Nagcarlan
 Paete
 Pagsanjan
 Pakil
 Pangil
 Pila
 Rizal
 Santa Cruz
 Santa Maria
 Siniloan
 Victoria

 • Barangays 681

 • Districts  1st to 4th districts

of Laguna
 Lone district of
Biñan
 Lone district of
Calamba
 Lone district of
Santa Rosa
 Demographics

 • Ethnic groups  Tagalog (99%)

 Bicolano (0.5%)
 Ilocano (0.5%)

Time zone UTC+8 (PHT)

ZIP Code 4000–4033

IDD : area code  +63 (0)49

ISO 3166 code PH

Spoken languages  Tagalog

 English

HDI  0.732 (High)

HDI rank 8th (2015)

Website www.laguna.gov.ph 

Laguna is notable as the birthplace of Jose Rizal, the country's national hero.
It is also famous for attractions like Pagsanjan Falls, the University of the
Philippines Los Baños and the University of the Philippines Open
University in Los Baños , the hot spring resorts of Calamba on the slopes
of Mount Makiling, Pila historic town plaza, Taytay Falls in Majayjay, the wood
carvings and papier-mâché created by the people of Paeté, the
annual Sampaguita Festival in San Pedro, the turumbaof Pakil,
the tsinelas footwears from Liliw, the Pandan Festival of Luisiana, the Seven
Lakes of San Pablo, and the Nagcarlan Underground Cemetery in Nagcarlan.
History
GeographyEdit
Laguna covers a total area of 1,917.85 km2(740.49 sq mi)[16] occupying the
north-central section of the CALABARZON region in Luzon. The province is
situated southeast of Metro Manila, south of Rizal, west of Quezon, north
of Batangas and east of Cavite. Laguna is the third largest province in the
CALABARZON region and the 63rd largest in the entire country. The
municipalities of Cavinti and the city of San Pablo have the largest land areas
with 203.58 km2(78.60 sq mi) and 197.56 km2 (76.28 sq mi), respectively.
The municipality of Victoria has the smallest land area with
57.46 km2 (22.19 sq mi).
Laguna lies on the southern shores of Laguna de Bay, the largest lake in the
country. The land near Laguna de Bay can be considered to be narrow and
flat, while become more rugged going further inland towards the
mountainous areas of Sierra Madre, Mount Makiling, and Mount Banahaw.[17]

Aerial view of Mount Banahaw

Laguna is home to 24 mountains, most of which are inactive volcanoes. The
highest peak in Laguna is Mt. Banahaw, with an elevation of 2,170 m
(7,120 ft). Banahaw, unlike most other volcanoes in Laguna, is an
active complex stratovolcano, which last erupted in 1843. Banahaw is
located in the boundary of Laguna and Quezon and is home to multiple hot
springs.[18]Laguna is also home to the Laguna Volcanic Field, which can be
found near San Pablo. The Laguna Volcanic Field is composed of over
200 dormant and monogenetic maars, crater lakes, scoria cones and
stratovolcanoes, the tallest of which is Mount Makilingat 1,090 m (3,580 ft) in
elevation.
San Pablo itself is known for its seven crater lakes, the largest of which
is Lake Sampaloc. Apart from the Laguna de Bay and the Seven Lakes of San
Pablo, there are also two reservoir lakes that can be found in Laguna,
the Lake Caliraya and Lumot Lake. These two man-made lakes were formed
by the creation of the Caliraya Dam and the Lumot Dam.

View of Pagsanjan Falls from inside the Devil's Cave

 Due to its proximity to Laguna de Bay, Laguna is home to a large number of
its tributaries. One of the most famous rivers in Laguna is the Bumbungan
River, also known as the Pagsanjan River, named after the town
of Pagsanjan and its falls. The Pagsanjan Falls lie at the end of the river. The
Pagsanjan Falls are a three-drop waterfall with a longest drop of 120 m
(390 ft).
Laguna has 60,624 ha (606.24 km2) of alienable and disposable agricultural
land, mostly found near the low-lying areas. Around 41,253 ha (412.53 km2),
or 23.44% of Laguna's total land area is forest land, situated near Mount
Makiling and further south towards Quezon.[19]Laguna has an estimated
16,205 ha (162.05 km2) of forest cover, ranking it third in the region. [20]
ClimateEdit
The province is relatively dry from November to April and wet during the rest
of the year for a small portion near the southern boundary. The other parts,
west of Santa Cruz municipality, experience a dry season from November to
April and rainy season during the rest of the year. The eastern and southern
most portions do not have distinct season, with rainfall more evenly
distributed throughout the year.[21] Laguna is classified under the Köppen
climate classification as predominantly having a Tropical monsoon climate,
mostly centered around the areas of Calamba to Calauan. The area
stretching from Biñan to Cabuyao is classified as having a Tropical savanna
climate, while the area from Luisiana to Pangil has a Tropical rainforest
climate.[22]
Administrative divisionsEdit

Laguna comprises 24 municipalities and 6 cities. The provincial capital of

Laguna is Santa Cruz. As of the 2015 census, there are 3,035,081 people in
the province.[4]
  †  Capital municipality
  ∗  Component city
      Municipality

City ormunicipali District Population ±% Area[16] Density Baranga

 ty [16] p.a. y
(2010) sq /sq
(2015)[4] km2 /km2
[23] mi mi

Alaminos 3rd 1.6% 47,859 43,526 1.82% 57.46 22.19 830 2,100 15

Bay 2nd 2.0% 62,143 55,698 2.11% 42.66 16.47 1,500 3,900 15

11.0 20,00
Biñan ∗ Lone[1] 333,028 283,396 3.12% 43.50 16.80 7,700 24
% 0
10.2 18,00
Cabuyao ∗ 2nd 308,745 248,436 4.22% 43.30 16.72 7,100 18
% 0
15.0
Calamba ∗ Lone[2] 454,486 389,377 2.99% 149.50 57.72 3,000 7,800 54
%

Calauan 3rd 2.7% 80,453 74,890 1.37% 65.40 25.25 1,200 3,100 17

Cavinti 4th 0.7% 21,702 20,809 0.80% 203.58 78.60 110 280 19

Famy 4th 0.5% 16,587 15,021 1.91% 53.06 20.49 310 800 20

Kalayaan 4th 0.8% 23,269 20,944 2.02% 46.60 17.99 500 1,300 3

Liliw 3rd 1.2% 36,582 33,851 1.49% 39.10 15.10 940 2,400 33

Los Baños[3] 2nd 3.7% 112,008 101,884 1.82% 54.22 20.93 2,100 5,400 14

−0.41
Luisiana 4th 0.6% 19,720 20,148 73.31 28.31 270 700 23
%

Lumban 4th 1.0% 30,652 29,470 0.75% 40.53 15.65 760 2,000 16

Mabitac 4th 0.7% 20,530 18,618 1.88% 80.76 31.18 250 650 15

Magdalena 4th 0.8% 25,266 22,976 1.83% 34.88 13.47 720 1,900 24

Majayjay 4th 0.9% 27,792 26,547 0.88% 69.58 26.86 400 1,000 40

Nagcarlan 3rd 2.1% 63,057 59,726 1.04% 78.10 30.15 810 2,100 52

Paete 4th 0.8% 25,096 23,523 1.24% 55.02 21.24 460 1,200 9

Pagsanjan 4th 1.4% 42,164 39,313 1.34% 26.36 10.18 1,600 4,100 16
 −0.15
Pakil 4th 0.7% 20,659 20,822 46.50 17.95 440 1,100 13
%

Pangil 4th 0.8% 24,274 23,201 0.86% 45.03 17.39 540 1,400 8

Pila 4th 1.7% 50,289 46,534 1.49% 31.20 12.05 1,600 4,100 17

Rizal 3rd 0.6% 17,253 15,518 2.04% 27.90 10.77 620 1,600 11

San Pablo ∗ 3rd 8.8% 266,068 248,890 1.28% 197.56 76.28 1,300 3,400 80

San 10.7 14,00 36,00

∗ 1st 325,809 294,310 1.95% 24.05 9.29 27
Pedro % 0 0
Santa
† 4th 3.9% 117,605 110,943 1.12% 38.59 14.90 3,000 7,800 26
Cruz

Santa Maria 4th 1.0% 30,830 26,839 2.67% 108.40 41.85 280 730 25

Santa 11.7 17,00

∗ 1st 353,767 284,670 4.22% 54.84 21.17 6,500 18
Rosa % 0

Siniloan 4th 1.3% 38,067 35,363 1.41% 64.51 24.91 590 1,500 20

Victoria 3rd 1.3% 39,321 34,604 2.46% 22.35 8.63 1,800 4,700 9

3,035,08 2,669,84 1,917.8 740.4

Total 2.47% 1,600 4,100 681
1 7 5 9
A.  Coordinates mark the town center, and are sortable by
^

  Biñan was constituted into its own congressional district for the purposes of electing a m

1

of the Philippine House of Representat

However, for the purposes of electing members of the Sangguniang Panlalawigan, the city rema
of the province's 1st Sangguniang Panlalawigan Dis
 2
 Calamba was constituted into its own congressional district for the purposes of el
member of the Philippine House of Representat
However, for the purposes of electing members of the Sangguniang Panlalawigan, the city rema
of the province's 2nd Sangguniang Panlalawigan Dis
 3
 Los Baños was declared as the Special Science and Nature Cit
Philippines through Presidential Proclamation No.
The proclamation, however, does not convert the municipality to a city or give it corporate pow
 are accorded to othe

DemographicsEdit

Year Pop. ±% p.a. Year Pop. ±% p.a.

1903 148,606 —   1980 973,104 +3.90%

1918 195,546 +1.85% 1990 1,370,232 +3.48%

1939 279,505 +1.72% 1995 1,631,082 +3.32%

1948 321,247 +1.56% 2000 1,965,872 +4.08%

1960 472,064 +3.26% 2007 2,473,530 +3.22%

1970 699,736 +4.01% 2010 2,669,847 +2.82%

1975 803,750 +2.82% 2015 3,035,081 +2.47%

Sources: Philippine Statistics Authority[4][23][29]

The population of Laguna in the 2015 census was 3,035,081 people,[4] with a
density of 1,600 inhabitants per square kilometre or 4,100 inhabitants per
square mile. Calamba is the most populous city in Laguna, accounting for
15% of the provincial population with 454,486 inhabitants, while Famy is the
smallest municipality in Laguna with a total population of 16,587. In terms of
population density, San Pedro has the largest with a density of
14,000/km2(36,000/sq mi), while Cavinti is the smallest with a density of
110/km2 (280/sq mi). Most of the people in Laguna live in the cities of San
Pedro, Biñan, Santa Rosa, Cabuyao, and Calamba, accounting to 58.51% of
the population of the province. Laguna is the 3rd most populous province in
the Philippines and also the 3rd densest. Laguna has a median age of 24.9
years.[30]
Being in the middle of the Southern Tagalog Region, almost all people in
Laguna speak Tagalog, with 99.2% of the population being fluent in it. There
is a minority of people fluent in Ilocano, Bicolano and Waray. A significant
portion of the workforce in Laguna can read and speak English and Filipino.
[31] In 2000, literacy in Laguna was at 96.22%.[30]
G

EconomyEdit


Muntinlupa-San Pedro Arch-Bridge, the boundary between Metro Manila and
Laguna Province/Calabarzon.


Southwoods Mall in Biñan City, Laguna


The view of the city proper of Santa Rosa in Laguna


The St. Polycarp Parish in Cabuyao beside the city plaza
 
An aerial view of Calamba City


Jose Rizal Avenue in San Pablo City, Laguna


Robinsons Galleria South in San Pedro City, Laguna

Present-day Laguna shows a thriving economy. With a population of

3,035,081 (2015 census),[4] and a total area of 1,760 km2 (680 sq mi) of land,
Laguna produces millions of pesos worth of coconuts, rice, sugar, citrus
fruits, lanzones and other products. Tourists flock to its beauty spots,
especially Pagsanjan Falls, Calamba and Los Baños hot springs, Mount
Makiling, Caliraya Lake and many others. Levels of development vary. The
towns near Metro Manila have become industrialized whereas the inner
towns continue to engage in agricultural production or pursue agri-based
industries and cottage and small-scale industries.[12] In 2015, Laguna was
reported to have an equity of PHP 4.474 billion, the second highest in the
region behind Cavite.[32]
Laguna is labeled as the Detroit of the Philippinesbecause of the presence of
major vehicle manufacturers in the city of Santa Rosa. It is also considered
as the Silicon Valley of the Philippinesbecause of the vast number of
electronic and semi-conductor companies operating in the province. Laguna
is also the Resort Capital of the Philippines for it houses more than 700 hot
spring resorts in the areas of Calamba and Los Baños.[33][19]
Natural resourcesEdit
The main natural resources of Laguna are in its agriculture and fisheries,
owing to its position near the Laguna de Bay and the surrounding lowlands.

There are about forty rivers in Laguna with a total area of almost
0.5 km2 (0.19 sq mi).[citation needed] The Laguna de Bay has an approximate
area of 3,800 square kilometres (1,500 sq mi) broken down into 2,900
square kilometres (1,100 sq mi) of land and 900 km2 (350 sq mi) of lake
proper with 220 kilometres (140 mi) shoreline. The shores of Laguna de Bay
provide fishing grounds capable of producing 41,000 metric tons
(41,000,000 kg) of fish, or roughly two-thirds of the fresh water fish
requirements of Metro Manila.[19]
Laguna has an estimated 300 million US gallons (1,100,000 m³) of
underground water. At least seven principal water basins in the province with
a total of 5,773 square kilometres (2,229 sq mi) drainage area and 1,316
square kilometres (508 sq mi) level area provide an estimated 9.238 square
kilometres (3.567 sq mi) total run-off annually.[19] There are two major
watershed reserves in Laguna, the Malabanban Cabunsod Watershed Forest
Reserve in San Pablo, and the Caliraya-Lumot River Watershed Forest
Reserve, which spans the municipalities of Paete, Cavinti, Kalayaan,
and Lumban. Overall, these two watersheds span an area of 11,164.71 ha
(27,588.6 acres).[34]
Laguna has a relatively small mining industry compared to the other
provinces in the region, with only 11 non-metallic mines registered in the
region, and only 8 of which are operating. These mines are found in Santa
Cruz, Magdalena, Siniloan, Lumban, and San Pablo. A total of 39.7823 ha
(0.397823 km2) are used for mining purposes.[35] Aggregates make up the
largest amount in Laguna's mineral industry, with a value of PHP 16,995,923.
Overall, Laguna's mining economy contributes 8.87% to the region's total
mining economy.[36]
Agricultural activitiesEdit
Laguna has 60,624 hectares (149,810 acres) of alienable and disposable
agricultural land. About 41,253 hectares (101,940 acres) or 23.44% of
Laguna's total land area is forest land.[19] In 2002, there were 38,445 farms
in Laguna. The top five crops produced in Laguna
are rice, maize, coconuts, mangoes, and bananas.[30] Other crops grown in
the province include Robusta coffee,[37] pineapple, lanzones, rambutan,
[38]and sugarcane.[39] Calamba was once the site of a sugar cane mill,
although the decline of the sugar industry during the 1970s and 1980s
resulted in its eventual shutdown.
Rice farming is an important part of Laguna's agriculture, with approximately
30,619 ha (306.19 km2) of land used for cultivating 130,904 metric tons
(130,904,000 kg) of rice.[30] Los Baños is also the site of multiple research
institutions specializing in rice, such as the International Rice Research
Institute (IRRI), the ASEAN Center for Biodiversity (ACB) and the Southeast
Asian Regional center for Graduate Study and Research in Agriculture
(SEARCA), among others.[19]
Laguna de Bay, with a surface area of 900 kilometres (560 mi), is the
province's main fishing ground producing 410,000 metric tons
(410,000,000 kg) of fish. Carp and tilapia fingerlings are also being grown in
inland ponds and freshwater fish pens. There are a total of 457 operators
utilizing an area of 1,839 ha (18.39 km2) for fish pens and fish cages. Aside
from the Laguna de Bay, approximately 12% of the area in the Seven Lakes
of San Pablo is being used for aquaculture.
Industry and commerceEdit
Laguna is home to twenty-one economic zones as registered under
the Philippine Economic Zone Authority.[40] Most of these economic zones
are located in Santa Rosa, Biñan, and Calamba. The largest economic zone in
Laguna is the Laguna Technopark, located in Santa Rosa and Biñan, with an
area of 337.215 hectares (3.37215 km2). Laguna is home to a large
automotive industry, with Toyota Motor Philippines, Nissan Motor Philippines,
Honda Philippines Incorporated, and Mitsubishi Motors Philippines all having
plants in Santa Rosa.
Laguna has a growing business process outsourcingindustry, with companies
such as IBM and Convergysestablishing offices in Santa Rosa. PEZA lists 4 IT
parks and 1 IT Center in Laguna. [40] Business districts and shopping malls
continues to arise bringing opportunities and attractive places to dine and
relax.
InfrastructureEdit
Road networkEdit

The South Luzon Expresswayconnects Laguna to Metro Manila

Laguna has a total of 348 kilometres (216 mi) of national roads, all paved.
[41] Daang Maharlika (Route 1, AH26), Calamba - Santa Cruz - Pagsanjan
Road(Route 66) and Manila East Road (Route 601, Route 602, Route 603),
and San Pablo - Calauan Road (Route 67), form the highway network
backbone, and secondary and tertiary national roads interconnect most
municipalities, with Magdalena only connected by provincial road. Provincial
roads serves as a supplement to the national roads, and connects barangays
and municipalities not connected to the main network. The highway network
is interconnected with nearby provinces and Metro Manila.
 The South Luzon Expressway (SLEx) passes through Laguna. A public-private
partnership initiative of the national government include plans to build a
circumferential road along Laguna de Bay shoreline, the Laguna de Bay
Flood Control Dike Expressway (or C-6 Extension),[42] from San
Pedro to Siniloan. Some of the proposed road networks is the Calamba-Los
Baños Expressway[19][43] and the Cavite–Laguna Expresswaythat will connect
the provinces of Cavite and Laguna.
PowerEdit
Three power generating plants are operating in the province.[19]
 Botocan Hydro-electric Plant (25MW) — Majayjay
 Caliraya Hydro-electric Plant (23.5 MW) — Kalayaan
 Mak-Ban Geothermal Plant (20MW) — Bay

Meralco, the main electricity distributor of Metro Manila, has also the
franchise for most of Laguna.[19]Most of the municipalities on the 4th District,
however, are franchise areas of First Laguna Electric Cooperative (FLECO).

ReferencesEdit
1. ^ "28 JULY 1571: The Foundation date of the Province of Laguna".
Academia.edu.
2. ^ Young historian finds Laguna birth date|Inquirer
News Archived 2012-10-08 at the Wayback Machine
3. ^ "List of Provinces". PSGC Interactive. Makati City, Philippines:
National Statistical Coordination Board. Archived from  the original on 11 January
2013. Retrieved 18 November 2013.
4. ^ a b c d e f g Census of Population (2015). Highlights of the Philippine
Population 2015 Census of Population.  PSA. Retrieved 20 June2016.
5. ^ "Here are the Philippines' richest cities, provinces and towns in 2016
- Philstar.com". The Philippine Star.
6. ^ a b c "History of Laguna".  Calirayalake.com. Retrieved  23 June  2016.
7. ^ Blair, Emma Helen; Robertson, James Alexander. The Philippine
Islands, 1493 - 1898, Volume VIII. Retrieved  24 April  2017.
8. ^ Blair, Emma Helen; Robertson, James Alexander. The Philippine
Islands, 1493 - 1898, Volume V. Retrieved  24 April  2017.
9. ^ Barreto-Tesoro, Grace. "Ano at Saan ang Lumban"  (PDF). Archived
from the original(PDF)  on 25 April 2017. Retrieved 24 April 2017.
10. ^ de Morga, Antonio. History of the Philippine Islands. Retrieved  26
April 2017.
11. ^ Blair, Emma Helen; Robertson, James Alexander. The Philippine
Islands, 1493 - 1898 Volume XX. Retrieved 26 April 2017.
12. ^ a b c d e f g h i "History - Laguna,
Philippines". lagunaphilippines.weebly.com.
13. ^ "Why Laguna deserves a ray of sun in the Philippine National
Flag". Provincial Government of Laguna. Archived from the original  on 1 December
2017. Retrieved 28 April 2017.
14. ^ Kaminski, Theresa (2016).  Angels of the Underground. New York:
Oxford University Press. pp. 241–242.  ISBN 9780199928248.
15. ^ Panlilio, Yay (1950). The Crucible: An Autobiography by Colonel Yay,
Filipina American Guerrilla. New Brunswick: Rutgers University Press. pp.  19–
20.  ISBN 9780813546827.
16. ^ a b c "Province: Laguna (province)".  PSGC Interactive. Quezon City,
Philippines:  Philippine Statistics Authority. Retrieved  8 January 2016.
17. ^ "About Region 4a, The CaLaBaRzon Region".  DAR. Retrieved 29
April 2017.
18. ^ "Banahaw Volcano". Philippine Institute of Volcanology and
Seismology. Retrieved 29 April2017.
19. ^ a b c d e f g h i "Province Profile" Archived2012-08-29 at the Wayback
Machine. Provincial Government of Laguna.
20. ^ "Forest Cover in CALABARZON as of CY 2003 (in
hectare)".  Department of Environment and Natural Resources. Retrieved  30
April 2017.
21. ^ "Physical and Socio-Economic Profile".  Department of Environment
and Natural Resources. Retrieved 30 April 2017.
22. ^ "CLIMATE: LAGUNA". Climate-Data.org. Retrieved 30 April 2017.
23. ^ a b Census of Population and Housing (2010). Population and Annual
Growth Rates for The Philippines and Its Regions, Provinces, and Highly Urbanized
Cities  (PDF). NSO. Retrieved  29 June2016.
24. ^ Congress of the Philippines (27 March 2015). "Republic Act No.
10658". Retrieved  13 June2016.
25. ^ COMELEC (18 August 2015). "Resolution No. 9982 - Annex B"  (PDF).
Retrieved 13 June 2016.
26. ^ Congress of the Philippines (24 September 2018).  "Republic Act No.
11078". Retrieved  19 August 2019.
27. ^ COMELEC (15 October 2018). "Resolution No. 10434 - IN THE
MATTER OF THE IMPLEMENTING RULES AND REGULATIONS OF REPUBLIC ACT NO.
11078 ENTITLED, "AN ACT SEPARATING THE CITY OF CALAMBA FROM THE SECOND
LEGISLATIVE DISTRICT OF THE PROVINCE OF LAGUNA TO CONSTITUTE THE LONE
LEGISLATIVE DISTRICT OF THE CITY OF CALAMBA"". Retrieved 19 August  2019.
28. ^ "Los Baños". Laguna Travel Guide. 17 September 2000.
Retrieved 29 October 2012.
29. ^ Census of Population and Housing (2010).  "Region IV-A
(Calabarzon)".  Total Population by Province, City, Municipality and Barangay.  NSO.
Retrieved 29 June 2016.
30. ^ a b c d e "Laguna Quickstat - April 2017". Philippine Statistics
Authority. Retrieved  29 April2017.
31. ^ "Philippine Sites - Laguna". Department of Tourism. Retrieved  29
April 2017.
32. ^ "Which regions, provinces, cities are Philippines' richest?". ABS-CBN.
Retrieved 30 April 2017.
33. ^ "Laguna, pangunahing lugar na puntahan, tirahan, at
pangalakalan" Archived 2012-12-21 at Archive.today. Philippine Information
Agency.
34. ^ "Proclaimed Watershed Forest Reserve".  DENR. Retrieved  29
April 2017.
35. ^ "Directory of Non-Metallic Mines and Quarries". DENR Mines and
Geosciences Bureau. Retrieved 29 April 2017.
36. ^ "Region IV-A Mineral Production by Province, by Mineral
2015". DENR Mines and Geosciences Bureau. Retrieved 29 April 2017.
37. ^ "Performance of Philippine Agriculture January-March
2012"  (PDF).  Bureau of Agricultural Statistics. Retrieved 30 April 2017.
38. ^ "Top Five Permanent Crops in Terms of Number of Trees/Vines/Hills
by Province  : CALABARZON, 1991 and 2002"  (PDF).  Philippine Statistics Authority.
Retrieved 30 April 2017.
39. ^ "Region IV-A Profile". Department of Agrarian Reform. Retrieved 30
April 2017.
40. ^ a b "List of Economic Zones".  DTI - PEZA. Retrieved 28 April 2017.
41. ^ Kilometer count tabulated from data for the e district engineering
offices in Laguna in the 2015 Road Data by the Department of Public Works and
Highways
42. ^ dpwh.gov.ph "Private-Public Partnership - Laguna de Bay Flood
Control Dike Expressway (C-6 Extension)" Archived 27 July 2012 at the Wayback
Machine
43. ^ dpwh.gov.ph "Private-Public Partnership - Calamba-Los Baños
Expressway" Archived 11 July 2012 at the Wayback Machine
44. ^ Placido, Darel (25 September 2018).  "Aklan split into two legislative
districts, Calamba City becomes lone". ABS-CBN News. Retrieved 25
September  2018.
45. ^ "Paete, the Wood Carving Capital of the Philippines". UP Open
University. Retrieved 6 May 2017.
46. ^ "Laguna". Department of Tourism. Retrieved  29 April  2017.
47. ^ Tamayo, Ma. Rosario; Celis, Mark Irvin.  "Tourism Development in
Region IV: Employment Prospects and Opportunities of Tourism Graduates of
Lyceum of the Philippines University"  (PDF). Retrieved 29 April 2017.
48. ^ "Laguna: Historical".  Department of Tourism. Retrieved 29
April 2017.
49. ^ "Salvador H Laurel museum and library". Salvador H. Laurel.
50. ^ "Museums".  Laguna Travel Guide. Retrieved 29 April 2017.
51. ^ "Laguna: Museums". Department of Tourism. Retrieved  29
April 2017.
52. ^ "Lolo Uweng:Quiapo Church of the South". Opinyon. Retrieved 13
April 2015.
53. ^ "Laguna: Natural". Department of Tourism. Retrieved  29 April  2017.
54. ^ "Laguna: Man-Made". Department of Tourism. Retrieved  29
April 2017.
55. ^ "DepEd: Datasets".  Department of Education. Archived from the
original on 16 May 2017.

External linksEdit

Map all coordinates using: OpenStreetMap 

Download coordinates as: KML · GPX

  Media related to Laguna (province) at Wikimedia Commons

  Geographic data related to Laguna (province) at OpenStreetMap
 Official Website of the Province of Laguna

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laguna_(province)

TOPO

Laguna
Laguna is home to 24 mountains, most of which are inactive volcanoes. The highest
peak in Laguna is Mt. Banahaw, with an elevation of 2,170 m (7,120 ft). Banahaw,
unlike most other volcanoes in Laguna, is an active complex stratovolcano, which last
erupted in 1843. Banahaw is located in the boundary of Laguna and Quezon and is
home to multiple hot springs. Laguna is also home to the Laguna Volcanic Field, which
can be found near San Pablo. The Laguna Volcanic Field is composed of over 200
dormant and monogenetic maars, crater lakes, scoria cones and stratovolcanoes, the
tallest of which is Mount Makiling at 1,090 m (3,580 ft) in elevation.

Wikipedia (CC-BY-SA 3.0)

https://en-ph.topographic-map.com/maps/swbe/Laguna/