SEMINAR TOPIC:-Steering System, Ackermann and Davis Steering Systems
SEMINAR TOPIC:-Steering System, Ackermann and Davis Steering Systems
Branch: - Mechanical
Semester: - 6TH
Subject: - Automobile ENGG.
Submitted by: - Simranjit Singh (2017/216), Umesh Gaba(2017/221)
Submitted to: - Chatwinder Singh
STEERING SYSTEM
The steering system converts the rotation of the steering wheel into a
swivelling movement of the road wheels in such a way that the steering-
wheel rim turns a long way to move the road wheels a short way. The
system allows a driver to use only light forces to steer a heavy car.
Ackermann steering gear
Straight Drive: when the vehicle is running straight, the track rod BD is
parallel to the beam axle AC and the track arms AB and CD both make
equal angles KAB and LCD to the horizontal axis of chassis. When AB and
CD are extended, they meet at the centre point of centre line of the rear axle
Similarly when the right turn is made, the right wheel turns through greater
angle than the left wheel. The various radii of the front wheel and rear
wheels about pivots are OA, OD, OB, and OC where O is the common
centre and point of instantaneous centre. By knowing the required turning
circle, these angles can be calculated from wheel base and track of the
vehicle.
Let, a = wheel track
b = wheel base of the vehicle
c = distance between the pivot centres
d = length of the track rod O is the instantaneous centre
Ѳ. = angle of inside lock
Ø. = angle of outside lock
Now, CB = OC – OB
CB = CDcot Ø – BAcotѲ since CD = BA
Now, CB = CDcot Ø - CDcotѲ
Dividing throughout by CD
CB/CD = cotØ – cotѲ
Or Distance between the pivot centre/ wheel base = cotØ - cotѲ
Or c/b = cot Ø - cot Ѳ
The value of c/b lies between o.4 to 0.5, generally it is 0.455. For correct
steering of the vehicle, there are three values of angle Ѳ. First while it is
running straight, second while it is running to left and third it is running to
right.
Davis steering gear is an exact steering gear mechanism. It has two sliding
pairs and two turning pairs. In this mechanism, the slotted links are attached
to the front wheel axle, which turn about two pivotal points. It has the rod
and it is constrained to move in the direction of its length by the sliding two
members. These constraints are connected to the slotted link by a sliding
and a turning pair at each end. The main drawback in Davis steering
mechanism is tear and wear problem of sliding pairs. The drawbacks in
Davis steering mechanism are overcome by Ackermann steering gear
mechanism.
DAVIS
STEERING SYSTEM