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    This document provides an overview of sex in sexually reproducing organisms. It defines sex as the categories of male and female based on the types of gametes (sex cells) produced - males produce small mobile gametes called sperm, females produce large non-mobile gametes called eggs. Organisms can be either male, female, or hermaphroditic if they produce both sperm and eggs. It describes several common systems of genetic sex determination like XY and ZW chromosome systems as well as environmental systems in other organisms. The document also briefly discusses evolution of sexual reproduction and sexual dimorphism between sexes.

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    67 views3 pages
    This document provides an overview of sex in sexually reproducing organisms. It defines sex as the categories of male and female based on the types of gametes (sex cells) produced - males produce small mobile gametes called sperm, females produce large non-mobile gametes called eggs. Organisms can be either male, female, or hermaphroditic if they produce both sperm and eggs. It describes several common systems of genetic sex determination like XY and ZW chromosome systems as well as environmental systems in other organisms. The document also briefly discusses evolution of sexual reproduction and sexual dimorphism between sexes.

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    sex

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    This document provides an overview of sex in sexually reproducing organisms. It defines sex as the categories of male and female based on the types of gametes (sex cells) produced - males produce small mobile gametes called sperm, females produce large non-mobile gametes called eggs. Organisms can be either male, female, or hermaphroditic if they produce both sperm and eggs. It describes several common systems of genetic sex determination like XY and ZW chromosome systems as well as environmental systems in other organisms. The document also briefly discusses evolution of sexual reproduction and sexual dimorphism between sexes.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    67 views3 pages

    Jump To Navigationjump To Search

    Uploaded by

    abdul qayyum
    This document provides an overview of sex in sexually reproducing organisms. It defines sex as the categories of male and female based on the types of gametes (sex cells) produced - males produce small mobile gametes called sperm, females produce large non-mobile gametes called eggs. Organisms can be either male, female, or hermaphroditic if they produce both sperm and eggs. It describes several common systems of genetic sex determination like XY and ZW chromosome systems as well as environmental systems in other organisms. The document also briefly discusses evolution of sexual reproduction and sexual dimorphism between sexes.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 3

    Sex

    From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

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    This article is about sex in sexually reproducing organisms. For the act, see Sexual intercourse. For
    other uses, see Sex (disambiguation).

    Part of a series on

    Sex

    Biological terms

     Sexual dimorphism
     Sexual differentiation 
    o Feminization
    o Virilization
     Sex-determination system 
    o XY
    o X0
    o ZW
    o Z0
    o Temperature-dependent
    o Haplodiploidy
     Heterogametic sex
     Homogametic sex
     Sex chromosome 
    o X chromosome
    o Y chromosome
     Testis-determining factor
     Hermaphrodite 
    o Sequential hermaphroditism
     Intersex

    Sexual reproduction

     Evolution of sexual reproduction 


    o Anisogamy
    o Isogamy
     Germ cell
     Meiosis
     Gametogenesis 
    o Spermatogenesis
    o Oogenesis
     Gamete 
    o spermatozoon
    o ovum
     Fertilization 
    o External fertilization
    o Internal fertilization
     Sexual selection
     Plant reproduction
     Fungal reproduction
     Sexual reproduction in animals 
    o Sexual intercourse
    o Copulation
    o Human reproduction
    o Lordosis behavior
    o Pelvic thrust

    Sexuality

     Plant sexuality
     Animal sexuality
     Human sexuality 
    o Mechanics
    o Differentiation
    o Activity

     v
     t
     e

    Organisms of many species are specialized into male and female varieties, each known as a sex.[1]


    [2]
     Sexual reproduction involves the combining and mixing of genetic traits: specialized cells known
    as gametes combine to form offspring that inherit traits from each parent. The gametes produced by
    an organism define its sex: males produce small gametes (e.g. spermatozoa, or sperm, in animals)
    while females produce large gametes (ova, or egg cells). Individual organisms which produce both
    male and female gametes are termed hermaphroditic.[2] Gametes can be identical in form and
    function (known as isogamy), but, in many cases, an asymmetry has evolved such that two different
    types of gametes (heterogametes) exist (known as anisogamy).
    Physical differences are often associated with the different sexes of an organism; these sexual
    dimorphisms can reflect the different reproductive pressures the sexes experience. For
    instance, mate choice and sexual selection can accelerate the evolution of physical differences
    between the sexes.
    Among humans and other mammals, males typically carry an X and a Y chromosome (XY), whereas
    females typically carry two X chromosomes (XX), which are a part of the XY sex-determination
    system. Humans may also be intersex. Other animals have various sex-determination systems, such
    as the ZW system in birds, the X0 system in insects, and various environmental systems, for
    example in reptiles and crustaceans. Fungi may also have more complex allelic mating systems,
    with sexes not accurately described as male, female, or hermaphroditic. [3]

    Contents

     1Overview
     2Evolution
     3Sexual reproduction
    o 3.1Animals
    o 3.2Plants
    o 3.3Fungi
     4Sex determination
    o 4.1Genetic
    o 4.2Nongenetic
     5Sexual dimorphism
     6See also
     7References
     8Further reading
     9External links

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