1MRS755223 REF4_

Stabilized restricted earth-fault

Issued: 01/2005
Version: A/20.1.2005
protection
REF4A
Data subject to change without notice REF4B

Contents
1. Introduction ................................................................................................ 3
1.1 Features................................................................................................ 3
1.2 Application ............................................................................................ 3
1.3 Input description ................................................................................... 4
1.3.1 REF4A (high voltage side)........................................................... 4
1.3.2 REF4B (low voltage side) ............................................................ 5
1.4 Output description................................................................................. 5

2. Description of operation............................................................................ 6
2.1 Configuration ........................................................................................ 6
2.1.1 Setting the rated values of the protected unit .............................. 6
2.2 Measuring mode ................................................................................... 6
2.3 Operation criteria .................................................................................. 7
2.3.1 Blocking based on the second harmonic of the neutral current... 9
2.4 Delayed reset facility and Drop-off time in DT Mode ............................ 9
2.5 Setting groups....................................................................................... 9
2.6 Test mode ........................................................................................... 10
2.7 START and TRIP outputs ................................................................... 10
2.8 Delayed trip output CBFP ................................................................... 10
2.9 Resetting............................................................................................. 10
2.10 Connection of current transformers .................................................... 11
2.11 Recorded Data.................................................................................... 12
2.11.1 General...................................................................................... 12
2.11.2 Date and time ............................................................................ 12
2.11.3 Duration ..................................................................................... 13
2.11.4 Status data ................................................................................ 13
2.11.5 Currents..................................................................................... 13

3. Parameters and events ............................................................................ 14

3.1 General ............................................................................................... 14
3.2 Setting values ..................................................................................... 15
3.2.1 Actual settings ........................................................................... 15
3.2.2 Setting group 1 .......................................................................... 15
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3.2.3 Setting group 2 ...........................................................................16

3.2.4 Control settings ..........................................................................17
3.3 Measurement values ...........................................................................18
3.3.1 Input data ...................................................................................18
3.3.2 Output data.................................................................................18
3.3.3 Recorded data............................................................................19
3.3.4 Events ........................................................................................22

4. Technical data ...........................................................................................23

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1. Introduction

1.1 Features

• Restricted low-impedance earth-fault protection function for two winding

power transformers based on the numerical stabilized differential current
principle
• No external stabilizing resistor nor non-linear resistor needed
• Two protection stages (REF4A and REF4B) are available, providing
independent protection for the high and low voltage sides of the transformer
• The fundamental components of the currents are used for calculating the
residual current of the phase currents, the neutral current, and the
differential and stabilizing currents. The DC component and higher
harmonics are suppressed by a digital filter
• Stabilized against transformer inrush currents and faults outside the
protected area
• Blocking based on the ratio between the second harmonic and the
fundamental frequency component of the neutral current prevents operation
at transformer magnetizing inrush
• Integrated circuit breaker failure protection (CBFP)

1.2 Application

This document specifies the functions of the stabilized restricted earth-fault

protection function blocks REF4A and REF4B used in products based on the
RED 500 Platform. The function blocks are identical in operation.

∆Io>
Figure 1. Protection diagram symbol of REF4A and REF4B

For IEC symbols used in single line diagrams, refer to the manual “Technical
Descriptions of Functions, Introduction”, 1MRS750528-MUM.

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Figure 2. Function block symbols of the stabilized restricted earth-fault protection

functions REF4A and REF4B

1.3 Input description

1.3.1 REF4A (high voltage side)

Name Type Description

IL1 Analog channel signal Input for measuring HV phase current IL1
(SINT)
IL2 Analog channel signal Input for measuring HV phase current IL2
(SINT)
IL3 Analog channel signal Input for measuring HV phase current IL3
(SINT)
Io Analog channel signal Input for measuring neutral current Io
(SINT)
BLOCK Digital signal (BOOL, Blocking signal for START, TRIP and
active high) CBFP outputs
GROUP Digital signal (BOOL, Control input for switching between
active high) setting group 1 and setting group 2
RESET Reset signal (BOOL, pos. Input signal for resetting the trip signal
edge) and registers of REF4A

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1.3.2 REF4B (low voltage side)

Name Type Description

IL1b Analog channel signal Input for measuring LV phase current IL1b
(SINT)
IL2b Analog channel signal Input for measuring LV phase current IL2b
(SINT)
IL3b Analog channel signal Input for measuring LV phase current IL3b
(SINT)
Iob Analog channel signal Input for measuring neutral current Iob
(SINT)
BLOCK Digital signal (BOOL, Blocking signal for START, TRIP and
active high) CBFP outputs
GROUP Digital signal (BOOL, Control input for switching between
active high) setting group 1 and setting group 2
RESET Reset signal (BOOL, pos. Input signal for resetting the trip signal
edge) and registers of REF4B

1.4 Output description

Name Type Description

START Digital signal (BOOL, Start signal
active high)
TRIP Digital signal (BOOL, Trip signal
active high)
CBFP Digital signal (BOOL, Delayed trip signal for circuit-breaker
active high) failure protection (CBFP)

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2. Description of operation

2.1 Configuration

Phase currents and neutral current are measured via conventional current
transformers. The measuring devices and signal types for analog channels are
selected and configured in a special dialog box of the Relay Configuration
Tool. The digital inputs are configured in the same programming environment
(the number of selectable analog inputs, digital inputs and digital outputs
depends on the hardware used).

When the analog channels and digital inputs have been selected and
configured in the dialog box, the inputs and outputs of the function block can
be configured on a graphic worksheet of the configuration tool. The phase
currents IL1, IL2, IL3 (IL1b, IL2b, IL3b) and neutral current Io (Iob) are connected to
the corresponding IL1, IL2, IL3 (IL1b, IL2b, IL3b) and Io (Iob) inputs of the
function block. Binary inputs are connected to the boolean inputs of the
function block, and the outputs of the function block are connected to the
output signals in the same way.

2.1.1 Setting the rated values of the protected unit

A separate scaling factor can be set for each analog channel. The factors
enable differences between the ratings of the protected unit and those of the
measuring device (CTs, VTs, etc.). A setting of 1.000 means that the rated
value of the protected unit is exactly the same as that of the measuring device.
For more information, refer to the technical reference manual of the product in
question.

Note! When the function blocks REF4A and REF4B are used, the 2nd
harmonic restraint must be selected for the channels connected to the Io and
Iob inputs of the function block. This selection is made in the Special
measurements dialog box of the Configuration tool.

2.2 Measuring mode

The function block operates on the numerically calculated fundamental

frequency component of the currents. The operation is insensitive to the DC
component and the operation accuracy is defined in the frequency range
f/fn=0.95...1.05. In fundamental frequency measurement, the harmonics
suppression is at least -50 dB at f = n x fn, where n = 2, 3, 4, 5...

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2.3 Operation criteria

Operation is based on comparing the amplitude and phase difference between

the sum of the fundamental frequency component of the phase currents (ΣI,
residual current) and the fundamental frequency component of the neutral
current (Io) flowing in the conductor between the transformer or generator
neutral point and earth. The differential current Id is calculated as the absolute
value of the difference between the residual current (i.e. the sum of the
fundamental frequency component of the phase currents) and the neutral
current.

I d = ΣI − I O (1)

An earth fault occurring in the protected area (that is, between the phase CTs
and the neutral connection CT) will cause a differential current. The directions,
i.e. the phase difference of the residual current and the neutral current are
considered in the operation criteria in order to maintain selectivity.

During an earth fault in the protected area, the currents ΣI and Io are directed
towards the protected area. The calculation of the directional differential
current, Idcosϕ, is specified to be 1 when the phase difference of the residual
current and the neutral current is 180°, that is, when the currents are in
opposite direction at earth faults within the protected area. Similarly, cosϕ is
specified to be 0 when the phase difference between the residual current and
the neutral current is less than 90° in situations with no earth fault in the
protected area. Thus tripping is possible when the phase difference between
the residual current and the neutral current is above 90°.

The stabilizing current Ib used with the stabilizing current principle is calculated
as an average of the phase currents in the windings to be protected:

IL1 + IL2 + IL3

Ib = (2)
3

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Figure 3. Operating characteristic of the stabilized earth-fault protection function.

Figure 4. Setting range of the operation characteristic for the stabilized differential
current principle of the earth-fault protection function.

The setting Basic setting is used for defining the characteristic of the
function, shown in Figure 3. In the figure the Basic setting value is
indicated as Id1/In. The differential current value required for tripping is constant
at the stabilizing current values 0.0 < Ib/In < 1.0. When the stabilizing current is
higher than 1.0, the slope of the operation characteristic (Id2/Ib2) is constant at
50%, as shown in Figure 3.

To be able to calculate the directional differential current Idcosϕ the

fundamental frequency amplitude of both the residual and neutral currents has
to be above 4% x In. Should neither or only one condition be fulfilled at a time,
the cosϕ-term will be forced to 1. After the conditions have been fulfilled,

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hysteresis is present and both currents must stay above 2% x In to allow

continuous calculation of the cosϕ-term.

2.3.1 Blocking based on the second harmonic of the neutral current

Transformer magnetizing inrush currents occur when the transformer is

energized after a period of de-energization. The inrush current may be many
times the rated current and the halving time may be up to several seconds.
For the differential relay, inrush current represents differential current, which
would cause the relay to operate close to always when the transformer is
connected to the network. Typically, the inrush current contains a large
amount of second harmonics.

The blocking also prevents unwanted operation at recovery and sympathetic

magnetizing inrush. At recovery inrush the magnetizing current of the
transformer to be protected increases momentarily when the voltage returns to
normal after clearance of a fault outside the protected area. Sympathetic
inrush is caused by a transformer, which runs in parallel with the protected
transformer already connected to the network, being energized.

Blocking the starting of restricted earth fault protection at magnetizing inrush is

based on the ratio of the second harmonic and the fundamental frequency
amplitudes of the neutral current Io2f /Io1f. Blocking will be activated if the
measured ratio exceeds the set blocking ratio. The internal blocking function
may be disabled via the setting parameter “2. harm. block.“ The ratio
Io2f /Io1f will be calculated only if fundamental frequency amplitude of the
neutral current first exceeds 4% x In and then remains above 2% x In.

Typically, the 2nd harmonic content of the neutral current at magnetizing

inrush is higher than that of the phase currents. The default value for the
blocking ratio is 30%.

2.4 Delayed reset facility and Drop-off time in DT Mode

Timer resetting is delayed by one fundamental cycle time to prevent second

harmonic blocking to occur sporadically during a real fault condition. The timer
will be counting upwards while the delayed resetting timer is active.

2.5 Setting groups

Two different groups of setting values, group 1 and group 2, are available for
the function block. Switching between the two groups can be done in the
following ways:

1. Locally via the control "Group selection"*) of the MMI

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2. Over the communication bus by writing the parameter V2*)

3. By means of the input signal GROUP when allowed via the parameter
"Group selection" (i.e. when V2 = 2*))

*) Group selection (V2): 0 = Group 1; 1 = Group 2; 2 = GROUP input

The control parameter "Active group" indicates that the setting group is
valid at a given time.

2.6 Test mode

The digital outputs of the function block can be activated with separate control
settings for each output either locally via the HMI or externally via the serial
communication. When an output is activated with the test parameter, an event
indicating the test is generated.

The protection functions operate normally while the outputs are tested.

2.7 START and TRIP outputs

The output signal START is always pulse-shaped. The minimum pulse width
of the START and TRIP output signals is set via a separate parameter on the
HMI or on serial communication. If the start situation is longer than the set
pulse width, the START signal remains active until the start situation is over.
The output signal TRIP may have a non-latching or latching feature. When the
latching mode has been selected, the TRIP signal remains active until the
output is reset even if the operation criteria have reset.

2.8 Delayed trip output CBFP

The function block provides a delayed trip signal CBFP after the TRIP signal
unless the fault has disappeared during the set CBFP time delay. In circuit-
breaker failure protection, the CBFP output can be used to operate a circuit
breaker upstream from the circuit breaker of the feeder. The control parameter
"Trip pulse" also sets the width of the CBFP output signal.

2.9 Resetting

The TRIP output signal and the registers can be reset either via the RESET
input, or over the serial bus or the local HMI.

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The operation indicators, latched trip signal and recorded data can be reset as
follows:

Operation Latched trip Registers

indicators signal
RESET input of the function block 1) X X
1)
Parameter F101V013 X X
General parameter F001V011 2)
X
General parameter F001V012 2)
X X
General parameter F001V013 2)
X X X
2)
Push-button C X
2)
Push-buttons C + E (2 s) X X
Push-buttons C + E (5 s) 2) X X X

1)
Resets the latched trip signal and recorded data of the particular function block.
2)
Affects all function blocks.

2.10 Connection of current transformers

The connections of the main current transformers are designated as type I and
type II. In the case that the earthings of the current transformers are inside or
outside the area to be protected, the setting parameter “CT connection” is
type I (Figure 5). In the case that the earthings of the current transformers are
inside and outside the area to be protected the setting parameter “CT
connection” is type II (Figure 6). The default is type I.

Figure 5. The connected phase currents and the neutral current have opposite
directions at an external E/F situation.

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Figure 6. The polarity of the neutral CT is reversed compared to the polarity in

Figure 5, thus the phase currents and the neutral current have equal
directions at an external E/F situation

2.11 Recorded Data

2.11.1 General

The information required for later fault analysis is recorded when the function
block starts or trips (there is no TRIGG input available).

The data of the last three events are stored into the registers Recorded data
1…3, beginning from Recorded data 1. These registers are updated in a
cyclical manner, where the values of the most recent event overwrite the
oldest recorded data. If recorded data has been reset or the relay has been
restarted, first event is again stored to Recorded data 1.

2.11.2 Date and time

The time stamp indicates the rising edge of the START or TRIP signal.

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2.11.3 Duration

The duration of the start situation is recorded as a percentage of the set

operate time.

2.11.4 Status data

The status data of the blocking state as well as the "Active group"
parameter are recorded at the moment of recording. The "Active group"
parameter indicates the setting group valid for the recorded data.

2.11.5 Currents

If the function block trips, the current values will be updated at the moment of
tripping i.e. on the rising edge of the TRIP signal. If the function block starts
but does not trip, the current values captured during one fundamental cycle
(20 ms at rated frequency 50 Hz) after the beginning of the start situation are
recorded. So the values of the neutral current I0, the directional differential
current Idcos(ϕ) and the stabilizing current Ib always originate from the same
moment and are recorded as multiples of the rated current In.

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3. Parameters and events

3.1 General

• Each function block has a specific channel number for serial

communication parameters and events. This channel is 101 for REF4A,
and 119 for REF4B.
• The data direction of the parameters defines the use of each parameter as
follows:
Data direction Description
R, R/M Read only
W Write only
R/W Read and write

• The different event mask parameters (see section “Control settings”) affect
the visibility of events on the HMI or on serial communication (LON or SPA)
as follows:
Event mask 1 (FxxxV101/102) SPA / HMI (LON)
Event mask 2 (FxxxV103/104) LON
Event mask 3 (FxxxV105/106) LON
Event mask 4 (FxxxV107/108) LON

For example, if only the events E3, E4 and E5 are to be seen on the HMI of
the relay terminal, the event mask value 56 (8 + 16 + 32) is written to the
“Event mask 1” parameter (FxxxV101).
In case a function block includes more than 32 events, there are two
parameters instead of e.g. the “Event mask 1” parameter: the parameter
“Event mask 1A” (FxxxV101) covers the events 0...31 and “Event mask
1B”(FxxxV102) the events 32...63.

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3.2 Setting values

3.2.1 Actual settings

REF4A and REF4B

Parameter Code Values Unit Default Data Explanation

direction
Basic setting S1 5…50 % 5 R/M The lowest ratio of
differential and nominal
current to cause a trip

Operate time S2 0.04…300.00 s 0.04 R/M Definite operate time

Ratio Io2f/Io1f> S3 10…50 % 30 R/M Ratio of second harmonic

and fundamental neutral
current to cause blocking
1)
2. harm. block S4 0 or 1 - 1 R/M Activation of the second
harmonic blocking
1)
Status 0 = Not in use; 1 = In use

3.2.2 Setting group 1

REF4A and REF4B

Parameter Code Values Unit Default Data Explanation

direction
Basic setting S41 5…50 % 5 R/W The lowest ratio of
differential and nominal
current to cause a trip

Operate time S42 0.04…300.00 s 0.04 R/W Definite operate time

Ratio Io2f/Io1f> S43 10…50 % 30 R/W Ratio of second harmonic

and fundamental neutral
current to cause blocking
1)
2. harm. block S44 0 or 1 - 1 R/W Activation of the second
harmonic blocking
1)
Status 0 = Not in use; 1 = In use

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3.2.3 Setting group 2

REF4A and REF4B

Parameter Code Values Unit Default Data Explanation

direction
Basic setting S71 5…50 % 5 R/W The lowest ratio of
differential and nominal
current to cause a trip

Operate time S72 0.04…30.00 s 0.04 R/W Definite operate time

Ratio Io2f/Io1f> S73 10…50 % 30 R/W Ratio of second harmonic

and fundamental neutral
current to cause blocking
1)
2. harm. block S74 0 or 1 - 1 R/W Activation of the second
harmonic blocking
1)
Status 0 = Not in use; 1 = In use

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3.2.4 Control settings

REF4A and REF4B

Parameter Code Values Unit Default Data Explanation

direction
1)
Operation mode V1 0 or 1 - 1 R/W Operation mode
2)
Group selection V2 0…2 - 0 R/W Selection of the active
setting group
3)
Active group V3 0 or 1 - 0 R/M Active setting group
indication

Start pulse V4 0…1000 ms 0 R/W Minimum pulse length of

START signal
4)
Trip signal V5 0 or 1 - 0 R/W Selection of latching for
TRIP output

Trip pulse V6 40…1000 ms 40 R/W Minimum pulse length of

TRIP and CBFP outputs

CBFP time V7 100...1000 ms 100 R/W Operate time of the delayed

trip CBFP
5)
CT connection V8 0 or 1 - 0 R/W Determined by the directions
of the connected current
transformers
6)
Reset registers V13 0 or 1 - 0 W Resetting of latched trip
signal and registers
7)
Test START V31 0 or 1 - 0 R/W Testing of START output
7)
Test TRIP V32 0 or 1 - 0 R/W Testing of TRIP output
7)
Test CBFP V33 0 or 1 - 0 R/W Testing of CBFP output

Event mask 1 V101 0...1023 - 63 R/W Event mask 1 for event

transmission (E0 ... E9)

Event mask 2 V103 0...1023 - 63 R/W Event mask 2 for event

transmission (E0 ... E9)

Event mask 3 V105 0...1023 - 63 R/W Event mask 3 for event

transmission (E0 ... E9)

Event mask 4 V107 0...1023 - 63 R/W Event mask 4 for event

transmission (E0 ... E9)
1)
Status 0 = Not in use; 1 = In use
2)
Group 0 = Group 1; 1 = Group 2; 2 = GROUP input
3)
Group 0 = Group 1; 1 = Group 2
4)
Trip signal 0= Non-latching; 1 = Latching
5)
Connection type 0= Type I; 1=Type II
5)
Reset signal 0= 0; 1=Reset
6)
Test 0 = Do not activate; 1 = Activate

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3.3 Measurement values

3.3.1 Input data

Parameter Code Values Unit Default Data Explanation

direction
Residual current I1 0.000...60.000 x In 0.000 R/M Residual current as a vectorial
sum of IL1, IL2 and IL3

Current Io I2 0.000...60.000 x In 0.000 R/M Neutral current amplitude Io

Current Id I3 0.000...60.000 x In 0.000 R/M Differential current

Current Ib I4 0.000...60.000 x In 0.000 R/M Stabilizing current

Angle ΣI - Io I5 -180...+180 ° 0 R/M Phase difference between

residual and neutral currents

Io2f/Io1f I6 0.0...200.0 % 0.0 R/M The ratio of the second

harmonic to fundamental
1)
Blocking state I7 0 or 1 - 0 R/M Blocking status, either by
second harmonic blocking or
the BLOCK-input
1)
Input GROUP I8 0 or 1 - 0 R/M Status of signal for switching
between the setting groups 1
and 2
1)
Input RESET I9 0 or 1 - 0 R/M Status of signal for resetting
latched trip signal and
registers
1)
Status 0 = Not active; 1 = Active

3.3.2 Output data

Parameter Code Values Unit Default Data Explanation

direction
1)
Output START O1 0 or 1 - 0 R/M Status of start signal

1)
Output TRIP O2 0 or 1 - 0 R/M Status of trip signal
1)
Output CBFP O3 0 or 1 - 0 R/M Status of circuit breaker failure
signal
1)
Status 0 = Not active; 1 = Active

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3.3.3 Recorded data

3.3.3.1 General

The information required for later fault analysis is recorded when the function
block starts or trips.

The data of three last events (events 1...3) are stored and the values of the
most recent event always replace the data of the oldest event. The registers
are updated in the following order: Recorded data 1, Recorded data 2,
Recorded data 3, Recorded data 1, Recorded data 2, and so on. If the
recorded data has been reset or if the relay has been restarted, the first event
is again stored in Recorded data 1.

3.3.3.2 Date and time

The time stamp indicates the rising edge of the START or TRIP signal.

3.3.3.3 Duration

The duration of the start situation is recorded as a percentage of the set

operate time.

3.3.3.4 Currents

If the function block trips, the current values are updated at the moment of
tripping i.e. on the rising edge of the TRIP signal. If the function block starts
but does not trip, the current values captured one fundamental cycle (20 ms at
rated frequency 50 Hz) after the beginning of the start situation is recorded. So
the values of the neutral current I0, the directional differential current
Id cosϕ and stabilizing current Ib always originate from the same moment and
are recorded as multiples of the rated current In.

3.3.3.5 Status data

The status data of the blocking state as well as the "Active group"
parameter are recorded at the moment of recording. The "Active group"
parameter indicates the setting group valid for the recorded data.

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3.3.3.6 Recorded data 1

Parameter Code Values Unit Default Data Explanation

direction
Date V201 YYYY-MM-DD - - R/M Recording date

Time V202 hh:mm:ss.mss - - R/M Recording time

Duration V203 0.0...100.0 % 0.0 R/M Duration of start situation

Id cosϕ V204 0.000...60.000 x In 0.000 R/M Directional differential current

Id cosϕ

Ib V205 0.000...60.000 x In 0.000 R/M Stabilizing current Ib

I0 V206 0.000...60.000 x In 0.000 R/M Neutral current I0

1)
Blocking V207 0 or 1 - 0 R/M Blocking status, either by
state second harmonic blocking or
the BLOCK-input
2)
Active group V208 0 or 1 - 0 R/M Active setting group
1)
Status 0 = Not active; 1 = Active
2)
Active group 0 = Group 1; 1 = Group 2

3.3.3.7 Recorded data 2

Parameter Code Values Unit Default Data Explanation

direction
Date V301 YYYY-MM-DD - - R/M Recording date

Time V302 hh:mm:ss.mss - - R/M Recording time

Duration V303 0.0...100.0 % 0.0 R/M Duration of start situation

Id cosϕ V304 0.000...60.000 x In 0.000 R/M Directional differential current

Id cosϕ

Ib V305 0.000...60.000 x In 0.000 R/M Stabilizing current Ib

I0 V306 0.000...60.000 x In 0.000 R/M Neutral current I0

1)
Blocking V307 0 or 1 - 0 R/M Blocking status, either by
state second harmonic blocking or
the BLOCK-input
2)
Active group V308 0 or 1 - 0 R/M Active setting group
1)
Status 0 = Not active; 1 = Active
2)
Active group 0 = Group 1; 1 = Group 2

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3.3.3.8 Recorded data 3

Parameter Code Values Unit Default Data Explanation

direction
Date V401 YYYY-MM-DD - - R/M Recording date

Time V402 hh:mm:ss.mss - - R/M Recording time

Duration V403 0.0...100.0 % 0.0 R/M Duration of start situation

Id cosϕ V404 0.000...60.000 x In 0.000 R/M Directional differential current

Id cosϕ

Ib V405 0.000...60.000 x In 0.000 R/M Stabilizing current Ib

I0 V406 0.000...60.000 x In 0.000 R/M Neutral current I0

1)
Blocking V407 0 or 1 - 0 R/M Blocking status, either by
state second harmonic blocking or
the BLOCK-input
2)
Active group V408 0 or 1 - 0 R/M Active setting group
1)
Status 0 = Not active; 1 = Active
2)
Active group 0 = Group 1; 1 = Group 2

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3.3.4 Events

REF4A

Code Weighting Default Event reason Event state

coefficient mask
E0 1 1 START signal of REF4A Reset

E1 2 1 START signal of REF4A Activated

E2 4 1 TRIP signal of REF4A Reset

E3 8 1 TRIP signal of REF4A Activated

E4 16 1 CBFP signal of REF4A Reset

E5 32 1 CBFP signal of REF4A Activated

E6 64 0 Blocking of REF4A Reset

1)
E7 128 0 Blocking of REF4A Activated

E8 256 0 Test mode of REF4A Off

E9 512 0 Test mode of REF4A On

1)
Status Event data send with SPA: 0 = Reset, 1 = Activated
Event data send with LON: 0 = Reset, 1 = Activated, internal blocking,
2 = Activated, external blocking, 3 = Activated, internal & external blocking

REF4B

Code Weighting Default Event reason Event state

coefficient mask
E0 1 1 START signal of REF4B Reset

E1 2 1 START signal of REF4B Activated

E2 4 1 TRIP signal of REF4B Reset

E3 8 1 TRIP signal of REF4B Activated

E4 16 1 CBFP signal of REF4B Reset

E5 32 1 CBFP signal of REF4B Activated

E6 64 0 Blocking of REF4B Reset

1)
E7 128 0 Blocking of REF4B Activated

E8 256 0 Test mode of REF4B Off

E9 512 0 Test mode of REF4B On

1)
Status Event data send with SPA: 0 = Reset, 1 = Activated
Event data send with LON: 0 = Reset, 1 = Activated, internal blocking,
2 = Activated, external blocking, 3 = Activated, internal & external blocking

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Distribution Automation REF4_

4. Technical data
Operation accuracies Depends on the frequency of the current measured:

f/fn = 0.95...1.05
1)
Accuracy of differential current measurement:

± 4% of set value or ± 0.02 x In

Accuracy of phase angle measurement:

± 2°

Start time Injected currents >= 2.0 x start current:

f/fn = 0.95...1.05 internal time < 30 ms

2)
total time < 40 ms

Reset time 40...1000 ms (depends on the minimum pulse width set for the TRIP
output)

Reset ratio Typ. 0.98 (range 0.90...0.98)

Retardation time Total retardation time when the current drops below
3)
the start value < 50 ms

Operate time accuracy Depends on the frequency of the currents measured:

3)
f/fn = 0.95...1.05: ± 2% of set value or ± 20 ms

Suppression of harmonics -50 dB at f = n x fn, where n = 2, 3, 4, 5,...

Configuration data Task execution interval (Relay Configuration Tool): 5 ms

at the rated frequency fn = 50 Hz

1) Assumes that protected unit setting is 1.000 for all the analog input channels involved.
2) Includes the delay of the signal output relay
3) Includes the delay of the heavy-duty output relay

Technical revision history

Function Technical Change
block revision
REF4A A

REF4B A

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