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Lecture #1 Introduction To Mobile Communication

This document provides an introduction to a course on mobile communications systems. It outlines the course objectives, information, and schedule. Key topics that will be covered include cellular network concepts, multiple access methods, wireless network types and propagation, antennas, and simulations.
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© © All Rights Reserved
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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
252 views18 pages

Lecture #1 Introduction To Mobile Communication

This document provides an introduction to a course on mobile communications systems. It outlines the course objectives, information, and schedule. Key topics that will be covered include cellular network concepts, multiple access methods, wireless network types and propagation, antennas, and simulations.
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 18

© Ahmad El-Banna

Integrated Technical Education Cluster


At AlAmeeria‎

E-716-A
Mobile Communications Systems

Lecture #1

October 2014
Introduction to Mobile Communication
Instructor:
Dr. Ahmad El-Banna
© Ahmad El-Banna
Agenda

Course Objectives

E-716-A, Lec#1 , Oct 2014


Course Information

Introduction
2
© Ahmad El-Banna
Course Objectives
Being able to:
• Define and illustrate the basic concepts of cellular networks.

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• Compare between the multiple access methods.

• Explain the types of cellular wireless networks.

• Determine and analyze effects of mobile radio propagation.

• Describe the cell site and mobile antennas.

• Perform simulations of wireless networks using OPNET tool. 3


© Ahmad El-Banna
Course Information
Instructor: Dr. Ahmad El-Banna
https://www.linkedin.com/pub/ahmad-el-banna/32/6a3/495
Office: Room #306
Email: [email protected]
[email protected]

E-716-A, Lec#1 , Oct 2014


Lectures: Tuesday 10:15 -11:45
Prerequisite: Digital Communications course
Office Hours: Sunday (14:15~15:30)
Tuesday (12:00~13:00)
T.A.: Eng. Mena

Texts/Notes: • J. Chiller, Mobile Communications, 2003.


• C. Cox, An Introduction to LTE, LTE-advanced, SAE and 4G
Mobile Communications, 2012.
Additional • W. Stallings,Wireless Communications and Networks, 2005.
4
References • W. Stallings, Data and Computer Communication, 2007.
• A. Mitra, Lecture Notes on Mobile Communication, Indian
Institute of Technology Guwahati, 2009.
© Ahmad El-Banna
Lectures List
• Introduction.
Lec. 1
• Concepts of Wireless Transmission.
Lec. 2-3

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• Multiple Access Methods.
Lec. 4-5
• Wireless Channel Models.
Lec. 6
• Concepts of Cellular Networks.
Lec. 7-8
• Cellular Networks.
Lec. 9-13 5

• Cell Site and Mobile Antennas.


Lec. 14-15
INTRODUCTION
6

E-716-A, Lec#1 , Oct 2014 © Ahmad El-Banna


© Ahmad El-Banna
Wireless Comes of Age
• Marconi invented the wireless telegraph in 1896
• Communication by encoding alphanumeric characters
in analog signal

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• Sent telegraphic signals across the Atlantic Ocean
• Communications satellites launched in 1960s
• could only handle 240 voice circuits.
• Advances in wireless technology
• Radio, television, mobile telephone, communication
satellites
• More recently
7
• Satellite communications, wireless networking, cellular
technology.
© Ahmad El-Banna
Broadband Wireless Technology
• Higher data rates obtainable with broadband
wireless technology
• Graphics, video, audio

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• Shares same advantages of all wireless services:
convenience and reduced cost
• Service can be deployed faster than fixed service
• No cost of cable plant
• Service is mobile, deployed almost anywhere

8
© Ahmad El-Banna
Limitations and Difficulties of Wireless
Technologies
• Wireless is convenient and often less expensive to
deploy than fixed services, but wireless is not perfect.
• There are limitations, political and technical

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difficulties that may ultimately prevent wireless
technologies from reaching their full potential.
• Two issues are :
• Lack of an industry-wide standard
• Device limitations
• E.g., small LCD on a mobile telephone can only displaying a few
lines of text
• E.g., old browsers of most mobile wireless devices use wireless
markup language (WML) instead of HTML 9
Wireless networks in

© Ahmad El-Banna
comparison to fixed networks
• Higher loss-rates due to interference
• emissions of, e.g., engines, lightning
• Restrictive regulations of frequencies
• frequencies have to be coordinated, useful frequencies are almost all

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occupied
• Low transmission rates
• local some Mbit/s, regional e.g., 9.6kbit/s with GSM
• Higher delays, higher jitter
• connection setup time with GSM in the second range, several
hundred milliseconds for other wireless systems
• Lower security, simpler active attacking
• radio interface accessible for everyone, base station can be
simulated, thus attracting calls from mobile phones
• Always shared medium 10
• secure access mechanisms important
© Ahmad El-Banna
Mobile Communication
• Aspects of mobility:
• user mobility: users communicate (wireless) “anytime, anywhere,
with anyone”, i.e. the user can be mobile, and the services will follow
him. Example: call-forwarding solutions.

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• device portability: devices can be connected anytime, anywhere to
the network, example: hand over.
• Wireless vs. mobile Examples
  stationary computer
  notebook in a hotel
  wireless LANs in historic buildings
  Personal Digital Assistant (PDA) or GSM
• The demand for mobile communication creates the need for
integration of wireless networks into existing fixed networks:
• local area networks: standardization of IEEE 802.11
• Internet: Mobile IP extension of the internet protocol IP
• wide area networks: e.g., internetworking of GSM and ISDN 11
© Ahmad El-Banna
Mobile Devices
Specialized PDAs Laptop/Notebook
Pager
• graphical displays • fully functional
• receive only
• character recognition • standard applications
• tiny displays
• simple text • simplified WWW

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messages

Sensors,
embedded
controllers

Smartphone/Tablet
• tiny virtual keyboard
Classical mobile phones
• simple(r) versions
• voice, data
of standard applications
• simple graphical displays

performance 12
© Ahmad El-Banna
Simple Model of communication
systems

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Application Application
protocol stack

Transport Transport
Network Network Network Network

Data Link Data Link Data Link Data Link

Physical Physical Physical Physical

Radio Medium
13
© Ahmad El-Banna
Influence of mobile communication
to the layer model
Application layer • service location
• new applications, multimedia
• adaptive applications

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congestion and flow control
Transport layer
• quality of service
• addressing, routing,
Network layer device location
• hand-over
• authentication
Data link layer • media access
• multiplexing
• media access control
• encryption
Physical layer • modulation
• interference 14
• attenuation
• frequency
© Ahmad El-Banna
Overlay Networks - the global goal
integration of heterogeneous fixed and
mobile networks with varying
transmission characteristics

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regional

vertical
hand-over
metropolitan area

campus-based
horizontal
hand-over 15

in-house
Cellular Systems Evolution

16

E-716-A, Lec#1 , Oct 2014 © Ahmad El-Banna


Worldwide wireless subscribers

17

E-716-A, Lec#1 , Oct 2014 © Ahmad El-Banna


© Ahmad El-Banna
• For more details, refer to:
• Chapter 1, J. Chiller, Mobile Communications, 2003.
• Chapter 1, W. Stallings,Wireless Communications and Networks,

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2005
• The lecture is available onlin e at:
• https://speakerdeck.com/ahmad_elbanna
• For inquires, send to:
[email protected]
[email protected]

18

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