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Mathematical Methods-II: X y X y X 2 y X y 2 X Yxy

This document provides the instructions and questions for Problem Set 02 in the Mathematical Methods-II course. It includes 6 questions related to identifying linear and non-linear partial differential equations, solving first order PDEs using characteristic curves and coordinate changes, and properties of solutions to inhomogeneous linear equations. Students are asked to show their work, cite references if needed, and submit legible solutions by the given due date.

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Durgesh Joshi
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69 views

Mathematical Methods-II: X y X y X 2 y X y 2 X Yxy

This document provides the instructions and questions for Problem Set 02 in the Mathematical Methods-II course. It includes 6 questions related to identifying linear and non-linear partial differential equations, solving first order PDEs using characteristic curves and coordinate changes, and properties of solutions to inhomogeneous linear equations. Students are asked to show their work, cite references if needed, and submit legible solutions by the given due date.

Uploaded by

Durgesh Joshi
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Mathematical Methods-II

(PH41008)
Spring-2020, IIT KGP
Problem Set 02

Instructor: Vishwanath Shukla


TA: Sudip Das and Snehasish Sen Due date: 23 January 2020
Instructions:

• These exercises are meant to complement the classroom lectures and to help clarify
important concepts.
• If you have taken help of your friends or teachers, please mention it; this will be viewed
positively.
• If you manage to copy solutions from articles, books or lecture notes, then please pro-
vide the references. Make sure that you understand it and are not copying it blindly.
Something similar, with a good twist, can be served to you in the exams.
• Solution set should be in legible handwriting. If I’m forced to guess, I will guess an
empty set ∅ and award zero consistently.
• Submission timing is non-negotiable. Submissions will not be accepted after the due
date and time.
• Questions given below are not my original creation, they have been taken from various
books and may have been suitably reworded or modified.

Q1. For each of the following questions, identify if the operator L is a linear operator. Also,
give justification for your choice.

(a) Lu = ux + xuy
(b) Lu = ux + uuy
(c) Lu = ux + u2y
(d)Lu = u√x + uy + 1
(e) Lu = 1 + x2 (cos y)ux + uyxy − [arctan(x/y)]u

Q2. For the partial differential equations listed below, find (i) the order and (ii) determine
the type, whether they are: linear (homogeneous or inhomogeneous) or nonlinear. Provide
justification.

(a) ut − uxx + 1 = 0
(b)ut − uxx + xu = 0
(c)ut − uxxt + uux = 0
(d)utt − uxx + x2 = 0
(e)iut − uxx + u/x = 0
(f)ux (1 + u2x )−1/2 + uy (1 + u2y )−1/2 = 0
(g) ux + ey uy = √ 0
(h)ut + uxxxx + 1 + u = 0

Q3. Show that the difference of two solutions of an inhomogeneous linear equation Lu = g
with the same g is a solution of the homogeneous equation Lu = 0.

Q4. Solve the following first order partial differential equations:


(i) 2ut + 3ux = 0 given the auxiliary condition u = sin x at t = 0.
(ii) 3uy + uxy = 0.
(iii) (1 + x2 )ux + uy = 0. Also, sketch some of the characteristic curves.
(iv) xux + yuy = 0.
√
(v) 1 − x2 ux + uy = 0 given the auxiliary condition u(0, y) = y.
2
(vi) a. yux + xuy = 0 given the auxiliary data u(0, y) = e−y .
(vi) b. Identify the region of the xy plane in which the solution is uniquely determined.

(vii) aux + buy + cu = 0.


(viii) ux + uy = 1.
(ix) ux + uy + u = ex+2y given u(x, 0) = 0.

Q5. Solve aux + buy = f (x, y), where f (x, y) is a given function. If a 6= 0, write the solution
in the form Z
2 2 −1/2
u(x, y) = (a + b ) f ds + g(bx − ay, )
L
where g is an arbitrary function of one variable, L is the characteristic line segment from the y
axis to the point (x, y), and the integral is a line integral (Hint : Use the coordinate method.)

Q6. Make use of the coordinate change method, as discussed in the class, to solve the equation
ux + 2uy + (2x − y)u = 2x2 + 3xy − 2y 2 .

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