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Experiment 08: Logic Gates Using BJT Transistors

The document describes an experiment to study and verify the functionality of logic gates using BJT transistors. It introduces that transistors can be used as fast switches for logic gates when the base-emitter diode is turned on enough to drive it into saturation. It then describes the transistor AND gate, OR gate, and NOR gate. The AND gate requires both transistor inputs to be conducting to drive the output high, the OR gate drives the output high if either transistor input is conducting, and the NOR gate drives the output low if either or both transistor inputs are high. A summary of the experiment should cover the introduction, procedure, data analysis, and evaluation.

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zohairahmed
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116 views

Experiment 08: Logic Gates Using BJT Transistors

The document describes an experiment to study and verify the functionality of logic gates using BJT transistors. It introduces that transistors can be used as fast switches for logic gates when the base-emitter diode is turned on enough to drive it into saturation. It then describes the transistor AND gate, OR gate, and NOR gate. The AND gate requires both transistor inputs to be conducting to drive the output high, the OR gate drives the output high if either transistor input is conducting, and the NOR gate drives the output low if either or both transistor inputs are high. A summary of the experiment should cover the introduction, procedure, data analysis, and evaluation.

Uploaded by

zohairahmed
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Experiment 08

Logic Gates Using BJT Transistors

OBJECTIVE:
To study and verify the functionality of a logic gates using BJT transistors.

Introduction:
The use of transistors for the construction of logic gates depends upon their utility as
fast switches. When the base-emitter diode is turned on enough to be driven into saturation, the
collector voltage with respect to the emitter may be near zero and can be used to construct gates
for the TTL logic family.

Transistor AND Gate

For the AND logic, the transistors are in series and both transistors must be in the conducting
state to drive the output high.

Transistor OR Gate

For the OR logic, the transistors are in parallel and the output is driven high if either of the
transistors is conducting.
Transistor NOR Gate

For the NOR logic, the transistors are in parallel with the output above them so that if either or
both of the inputs are high, the output is driven low.
Lab Exercise and Summary
Summary should cover Introduction, Procedure, Data Analysis and Evaluation.
Student’s Signature: ________________ Date: ________________
LABORATORY SKILLS ASSESMENT (Psychomotor)
Total Marks: 100
Criteria Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Level 4 Score
(Max Marks) 0% ≤ S < 50% 50% ≤ S< 70% 70% ≤ S< 90% 90%≤ S ≤100% (S)
Procedural Selects Selects and Selects and applies Selects and
Awareness inappropriate applies the appropriate applies
(20) skills and/or appropriate skills strategies and/or appropriate
strategies and/or strategies skills specific to strategies and/or
required by the required by the the task without skills specific to
task task with some significant errors the task without
errors any error
Practical Makes several Makes few Makes some non- Applies the
Implementation critical errors in critical errors in critical errors in procedural
(30) applying applying applying knowledge in
procedural procedural procedural perfect ways
knowledge knowledge knowledge
Safety Requires Requires some Follows safety Routinely follows
(10) constant reminders to procedures with safety procedures
reminders to follow safety only minimal
follow safety procedures reminders
procedures
Use of Uses tools, Uses tools, Uses tools, Uses tools,
Tool/Equipment equipment and equipment and equipment and equipment and
(20) materials with materials with materials with materials with a
limited some competence considerable high degree of
competence competence competence
Participation Shows little Demonstrates Demonstrates Actively helps to
to Achieve commitment to commitment to commitment to identify group
Group Goals group goals and group goals, but group goals and goals and works
(10) fails to perform has difficulty carries out effectively to
assigned roles performing assigned roles meet them in all
assigned roles effectively roles assumed
Interpersonal Rarely interacts Interacts with Interacts with all Interacts
Skills in positively other group group members positively with all
Group Work within a group, members if spontaneously group members
(10) even with prompted and encourages
prompting such interaction in
others

Marks Obtained

Instructor’s Signature: ________________ Date: ________________


LABORATORY SKILLS ASSESMENT (Affective)
Total Marks: 40

Criteria Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Level 4 Score


(Max. Marks) 0% ≤ S < 50% 50% ≤ S < 70% 70% ≤ S < 90% 90% ≤ S ≤ 100% (S)

Introduction Very little Introduction is Introduction is Introduction complete


(5) background brief with some nearly complete, and well-written;
information minor mistakes missing some minor provides all necessary
provided or points background principles
information is for the experiment
incorrect
Procedure Many stages of Many stages of The procedure could The procedure is well
(5) the procedure are the procedure be more efficiently designed and all stages
not entered on are entered on designed but most of the procedure are
the lab report. the lab report. stages of the entered on the lab
procedure are report.
entered on the lab
report.
Data Record Data is brief and Data provides Data is almost Data is complete and
(10) missing some significant complete but has relevant. Tables with
significant pieces information and some minor units are provided.
of information. has few critical mistakes. Graphs are labeled. All
mistakes. questions are answered
correctly.
Data Analysis Data is presented Data is Data is presented in Data are presented in
(10) in very unclear presented in ways (charts, tables, ways (charts, tables,
manner. Error ways (charts, graphs) that can be graphs) that best
analysis is not tables, graphs) understood and facilitate understanding
included. that are not clear interpreted. Error and interpretation.
enough. Error analysis is included. Error analysis is
analysis is included.
included.
Report Report contains Report is Report is well Report is well
Quality many errors. somewhat organized and organized and cohesive
(10) organized with cohesive but and contains no
some spelling or contains some grammatical errors.
grammatical grammatical errors. Presentation seems
errors. polished.

Marks Obtained

LABORATORY SKILLS ASSESSMENT (Cognitive)


Total Marks: 10

(If any)
Marks Obtained

Instructor’s Signature: ________________ Date: ________________

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