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Acknowledgement

The authors are grateful for this opportunity to acknowledge the valuable
contributions of the English instructors at Al Balqa Applied University's
Electronic Academy, located in As Salt, Jordan, who, in spite of their heavy
course loads, very generously contributed their time, their energy and their
constructive insights to assist us in improving the electronic course content for
the Elementary, Pre-Intermediate and Intermediate English blended learning
courses. In alphabetical order, they are: Adnan Abumafouz, Bassem Al-
Saydeeh, Rasha Darwish, Atika Ismael and last but certainly not least,
Tamador Snubar. We offer our most sincere appreciation to each and every
one of these instructors for their support.

© Investment World for Development and Technology

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The direction in which education starts a man will determine his future life"
Plato (427 BC – 347 BC), The Republic

Learning Objectives
1. Identify the different forms of the verb to be in the simple present tense.
2. Form positive sentences using the verb to be.
3. Form negative sentences using the verb to be.
4. Form yes/no questions using the verb to be.
5. Form WH-questions using the verb to be.
6. Identify singular and plural nouns.
7. Use the correct article (a or an) with singular nouns.
8. Form sentences using these and those.
9. Participate in short conversations.

Word List

advisor: a person who gives advice members

assignment: a piece of work or job that you are given to do appreciation
attendance: when you go somewhere such as a church, school, etc. hosts
campus: the land and buildings belonging to a college or opportunity
university
college: an institution of higher education created to educate and brilliant
grant degrees; often a part of a university
course: a series of lessons about a particular subject. career
dean: an official in a college or university deadline
earn: to get something for doing work range
exam: an official test of how much you know about something, increased
or how well you can do something
faculty: particular department at a college or university, or the regulations
teachers in that department
fee: an amount of money that you pay to do something, to orientation
use something, or to get a service
freshman: a student in the first year of high school, college, or honored
university
major: the most important subject that a college or university fair
student studies
Media Center: a place where you can find information on things, appointment
including books, the internet and other resources
quiz: a test consisting of a few short questions support
registrar: the administrator responsible for student records achieve
salary: a fixed amount of money that you receive from your display
employer, usually every month
schedule: a timetable colleague
semester: the academic year divided into terms frustration
test: examine someone's knowledge of something award

"

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Vocabulary
The various words we use in our language make up our vocabulary. The larger our
vocabulary, the better we become in that particular language. Our vocabulary increases
with our knowledge of a number of words.
One way of learning about new words is through using a dictionary. A dictionary
provides us with more than just the definition of words. It also provides the following
information that will help you feel confident in learning new words:

 Pronunciation  Parts of  Spelling

 Definition Speech
Activity 1
Offline Activity
Increase Your Vocabulary
Instructions to student:
1. In teams of three, look up the words to the right using the following link to an
online dictionary: http://dictionary.cambridge.org/
2. With your team members, form one sentence using each of these words.
3. Check with your team members to make sure that the sentences are correct.
4. Upload them as advised by your instructor.

LOOK ME UP
1. orientation: 3. colleague: 5. regulation: 7. appreciation:
2. fair: 4. deadline: 6. frustration : 8. brilliant:
Activity 2
Hangman
Instructions to students: Read the following sentences and try to guess the missing
words. Be careful! Every wrong choice will bring you closer to the hangman's rope!
1. The ------------- for the assignment is tomorrow.
2. The ------------------gives his speech in ten minutes.
3. In 5 minutes, I meet with my --------- to find out how many more courses I
need to graduate.
4. This university has such a big ----------.
5. he has got a math ---------- right now.
6. My -----------is too busy to join the club.
Activity 3
Jumbled Letters
Forming Words
Instructions to students: Look at the jumbled letters and arrange them into words
that match the definition below.
Anagram Definition
manfresh a student in the first year of high school, college, or university
efe an amount of money that you pay to do something, to use something, or
to get a service
edna an official in a college or university
near to get money or benefit for doing work

lyraas a fixed amount of money that you receive from your employer, usually
every month

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Activity 4
Drag and Drop
Mix and Match
Instructions to student: Match the definitions to the correct words, by writing the
word beside the matching definition.
Media Center- campus- advisor -semester -schedule
Word Definition
a place where you can find information on things, including books, the
internet and other resources
a timetable
the land and buildings belonging to a college or university
a person who gives advice
the academic year divided into terms

Activity 5
Jumble Mix
Forming Words
Instructions to students: Use the definitions below to guess the correct word from the
Word List then arrange the letters to form that word.

estt Examine someone's knowledge of something

ceorsu a series of lessons about a particular subject.
aemx an official test of how much you know about something, or how well
you can do something
aacdeenntt when you go somewhere such as a church, school, etc regularly
iquz a test consisting of a few short questions
ajmor the most important subject that a college or university student
studies.
acfltuy particular department at a college or university, or the teachers in
that department
aegimnnsst a piece of work or job that you are given to do
aegirrrst the administrator responsible for student records
ceegllo An institution of higher education created to educate and grant
degrees; often a part of a university

Activity 6
Offline Activity
Make a Sentence
Instructions to Student: Now take a look at Activity 5 again. What do you notice about
these words? Do they have something in common? Make sentences using the words
in Activity 5.

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Activity 7
Write It
Plurals
Instructions to student: Write the plural form of each of the words below.

salary major assignment deadline display

advisor schedule project campus

Activity 8
Hangman
Instructions to students: Read the following sentences and try to guess the missing
words. Be careful! Every wrong choice will bring you closer to the hangman's rope!

1. I have the --------------- to work for that company.

2. ---------------Day is so much fun.
3. I have an ----------------with the Dean
4. There are so many------------at this university.
5. I am enrolled in the wrong course. I have to see the ---------------to fix this
problem.
6. I have too many courses this semester.
7. the College of Arts and sciences gives the------------------at the ceremony.
8. I have 98% on the -----------------------------

Reading
Activity 1
Multiple Choice
What Did the Dean say?
It is the beginning of a new semester at college. The Dean is welcoming the new
students. Read the following text and answer the questions that follow.

Dear guests, students and colleagues,

I am pleased and honored to welcome all of you here today. We are starting a new
academic year! I would like to begin by expressing my appreciation and pride at being
part of the Lang University family.
Over the last few years, Lang University has become one of the top universities in
Canada. As a result of this, the number of our students has largely increased. This
year, for example, we are welcoming around a thousand new students. We are also
excited because a number of our faculties are introducing new programs into their
departments.

We are happy to welcome the new faculty members that are joining us this year, but
most importantly, we would like to welcome each and every one of you into the Lang
University family. We have great faith in you and your abilities to achieve the best you
can, and we are here to help and support you throughout your university years.
Thank you.

 People who work at the university, 3. Who is the Dean addressing?

new students and other guests.
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 The Dean is happy about the new  New students
faculty members at the university.  University guests
 The Dean is happy about the new 4. The reason for the Dean’s speech
department programs. is:
 The Dean is happy about old students.  to welcome new students into the new
2. One of the following sentences is academic year.
true:  to give out new awards.
 The Dean expresses his support for  to talk about the new faculty.
the new students. 5. The number of students in the
 The Dean has no faith in the students’ university, according to the Dean
abilities. has _______.
 The university has welcomed new  increased
students.  decreased
 not changed
1. One of the following sentences is
NOT true:
Activity 2
Find the Right Match
Freshman Advice
Instructions to Students: Match the statements below to the advice in the table.
manage your time- don’t worry, keep on trying- make new friends- take
care of your health- don’t give up!
Statement Advice
A college student is responsible for managing time. Mark important
dates; like the start of the semester, tests and assignment deadlines.
This way you’ll never be late for anything.
At the beginning, you may find that college work is hard. Believe in
yourself and you will succeed. All first-year students feel the same way.
Making friends takes time, especially in a new place like college. Don’t
worry if you don’t have any friends at first. Try to shine in class with
your knowledge of subjects, people will come over and try to make
friends with you!
College students must take care of their health. When you work hard,
ensure that you get enough sleep. Eat well, exercise, relax and find
interesting hobbies.
Studying is difficult at times. If you don’t understand something the first
time, find out about it in the library. Another way to learn more about it
is by looking it up on the Internet. You can also ask the people in your
group or your instructor.

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Activity 3
Multiple Choice
Information Fair
Read about Nebraska University’s Information Fair and answer the following
questions.
Nebraska University Information Fair
Nebraska University hosts its Annual Information Fair every December. The
Information Fair aims to provide students with information on some of the following:

 fields of study
 market opportunities
 job salary ranges
Students can speak with professors and professionals who work in a wide variety of
fields. Students can ask them questions about job opportunities for their fields of
study, and how much they can expect to earn. These professionals are happy to share
their experiences with students.
Students can also see presentations. For instance, the Multi-Media Department has
several award winning films to present. Similarly, the Sports Medicine Department can
test your fitness level . Even the Accounting Department has a brilliant accounting
software program on display. All of our colleges and departments look forward to this
event, and they would like to share information with as many students as possible.

We want you to have as much information as possible so that you can make the best
decision for your future. Remember, your success is our success!

1. When is the Information Fair of the 3. The Sports Medicine Department

University Of Nebraska being held? allows you to test your _________.
 July 4. One of the following sentences is
 Every month not true:
 Every year  The Accounting Department
2. At the fair, students can interact has a very good software
with: program on display.
 faculty and university board  Professionals enjoy sharing
members. their experiences with
 professors and professionals from students.
various fields.  Only information about
 guests, students and colleagues. fields of study is provided.
 intelligence levels
 fitness levels
 accounting abilities

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Grammar
Warm up
Sara is a first year student at the university.
Sara is 18 years old.
Sara and her friends are happy.

Focus 1: The verb to be

The verb “to be” denotes a state of things – a condition of a person or thing.
The verb is one of the most important parts of a sentence. Verbs are used to
express actions e.g. run, talk play, or states of being e.g. know, think, sense.
One of the most commonly used verbs in English is the verb “to be”. The verb “to
be” is used in many sentences and is very flexible. It is also very different from other
verbs. This is because it is an irregular verb.
Negative Sentences
Verb to
SUBJECT Short form EXAMPLE
be
I am not I'm not I'm not thirsty.
you aren't You aren't here.
you are not
you're not You're not a student!
he isn't He isn't there.
he is not
he's not He's not at home.
negative
she isn't She isn't an actress.
sentences she is not
she's not She's not an actress.
(-)
it isn't It isn't warm today.
it is not
it's not It's not too hot today.
we aren't We aren't asleep.
we are not
we're not We're not sleepy.
you aren't You aren't tired.
you are not
you're not You're not at work.
they aren't They aren't here.
they are not
they're not They're not at work.

Positive Sentences
sentences
(+) Verb to Short
FORM SUBJECT EXAMPLE
be form
1st person I am I'm I'm here.
2nd person you are you're You're busy.
3rd person he is he's He's a friend.
3rd person she is she's She's a doctor.
3rd person it is it's It's cold today.

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1st person
we are we're We're hungry.
pl.
2nd person
you are you're You're beautiful.
pl.
3rd person
they are they're They're asleep.
pl.
Yes/No Questions
Verb to be & (+) Short
(-) Short Answer
SUBJECT Answer
Am I correct? Yes, I am. No, I'm not.
No, you aren't.
Are you tired? Yes, you are.
No, you're not.
No, he isn't.
Is he asleep? Yes, he is.
No, he's not.
Questions No, she isn't.
Is she here? Yes, she is.
(?) No, she's not.
No, it isn't.
Is it warm? Yes, it is.
No, it's not.
No, we aren't.
Are we students? Yes, we are.
No, we're not.
No, you aren't.
Are you thirsty? Yes, you are.
No, you're not.
No, they aren't.
Are they here? Yes, they are.
No, they're not.

Wh-Questions
We can use Wh- words with the verb to be to form questions. The wh- word
comes at the beginning of the sentence, followed by the verb to be and
then the rest of the question. Here are some examples to illustrate this
point:
Ali is sad.
Why is Ali sad?
The books are on the table.
Where are the books?
The meeting is at 10:0 0’clock
When is the meeting?
His name is Peter.
What is his name?

Focus 2: Nouns
We use nouns to name a thing, an animal, a person or an object. Nouns have
different functions in a sentence. They can be the subject or the object of a sentence.
Here are some examples:

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Sara is here. (Subject)
Sara is happy. (Subject)
I saw Sara. (Object)
I met Sara. (Object)
Nouns usually come after an article. The most important articles to accompany nouns
are (a, an, the). Here are some sentences that have nouns:

My cat sleeps all day long.

John gave Mary some flowers.
We went to the university yesterday.
I have many friends at school.
Nouns can be singular or plural. To make most plural nouns we just add –s to the
noun. Here are some examples.
Book –Books
Pen- Pens
Computer-Computers
Bag-Bags
When a word ends in -ch, x, s or s-like sounds, we add –es.
Try these words:
watch -watches Child Children Mouse Mice
box - boxes Person People Goose Geese
pass – passes Man Men

The use of the articles (a, an) which are both indefinite, depends on the first letter in
the noun. Look at these examples

Focus 3: Articles A, An
 A dean  An exam
 A lecture  An announcement
 A student  An instructor
Now look at these examples:  An office

We use the indefinite article (an) with nouns that start with a vowel; i, e, o, u, a.
We use the indefinite article (a) with nouns that start with consonants.

Focus 4: Demonstrative Pronouns

To refer to a person, place, thing or idea, you can use a demonstrative pronoun.
This and that are examples of singular demonstrative pronouns.
To refer to plural persons, places, things or ideas, use a plural demonstrative
pronoun, such as these or those.
The difference between them is that this and that are used with singular and
uncountable nouns, while these and those are used with plural nouns:
 This laptop is mine.  That English course was boring.
 That laptop is yours.  These files are mine.
 This English course is a lot of  Those files are yours.
fun.

This/these are used to refer to things that are near to the speaker:

I think these research articles are perfect for my assignment.

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Could you please take this library book to the library?
That/those are used to refer to things that are more distant from the speaker, or not
present
Go and get that mobile for me?
Those students are going to fail the course.
This/these can be used to refer to experiences and situations that are already taking
place or are just about to begin
This contest is fun.
I really like these films we are about to watch

That/those can be used to refer to experiences and situations that have just
happened, or that happened some time ago:
That quiz was so easy.
Have you joined any of those student groups yet

REMEMBER: As with all pronouns, this, that, these and those can take the place of
pronouns, BUT in some cases these words function as adjectives. For instance, when
they describe the noun or provide us with more information about the noun, then
these words function as adjectives.
Example: I work in that office. That provides information about the noun, the
office. there
Here and there
Remember to distinguish between this, that, these and those which are demonstrative
adjectives and here and there which are adverbs.
Notice that the difference between here and there is similar to the differences
between this and that and these and those. Here refers to places that are close to the
speaker while there refers to places that are further away from the speaker.

Activity 1
Circle It
The Verb to be
Read the text about Samantha and help her circle the correct form of the verb to be
to talk about herself.

My name is/am Samantha and I am/is a professor at the University of London. Our
university has a lot of students who work and study at the same time. I am/is 40
years old and I am/is married. My son, Peter, is/am 12 years old. My husband, Joe,
is/am Australian. He is/am an engineer.

Activity 2
Circle It
The Verb to be
Instructions to student: Circle the correct form of the verb to be.
My name is/am/are Joe and I am/is/are 50years old. I am /is /are/ a career
advisor at South Bank University. The university address is/ am/ are 213 Broadway
Street and the telephone number is/am/are 566-7112. My wife, Sandra is/ am/
are an employee of the university as well. She is/am/ are an administrator in the
Media Center. Both of my children is/am/are students there. Pete is/am/ are a
freshman in the College of Business Administration, and is/am/are always in trouble
with his instructors because he is/ am/ are often late for class. Mary, on the other
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hand, is /am/are a senior in the College of Environmental Design. She is/am/are
one of the best students in her class.

Activity 3
Mix and Match
Match the Answers to the Questions
Instructions to student: Match the questions in the left column to the matching
answers that appear in the right column.
How old is Joe? Yes, he is
Is Joe a university employee? Joe is 50.
Is Pete a good student? Mary is older than Pete
Who is in Joe’s family? She is in the Science Faculty.
What faculty is Mary in? Sandra, Pete and Mary
Who is older, Pete or Mary? No, he is not.

Activity 4
Write It
The Verb to be
Instructions to student: Can you write the correct form of the verb to be in the spaces
provided?
1. My brother a student. 9. Jamal and Jimmy good students.
2. My friend, Samir in the Media 10. Mary the best student in our
Center. class.
3. Rashid and Razi members of the 11. they also in our class?
basketball team. 12. The registrar’s office on the
4. English one of my favorite second floor.
subjects. 13. The weather beautiful outside.
5. Our Math teacher really good. 14. My car in the parking lot.
6. This my new laptop. 15. We excited about our new English
7. My favorite singer Elvis Presley. teachers.
8. Newspapers very interesting.

Activity 5
Write It
The Verb to be
Instruction to students: Select the correct form of the verb “to be” to fill in the blanks.
1. My desk ______blue. 6. Laura and Julie ___ from England.
is am are be They are from America.
2. His friend _____is in the gym. be not have not are not
are am is be is not
3. My lecturer’s name _____ Mrs Smith. 7. These lessons___ not very interesting.
am are be is am be is are
4. Who ______ those pretty girls? 8. Sally and Jane ____ in the same class.
have is are am are am is be
5. ______ they our new roommates? 9. My instructor _____ a very intelligent
Is Are Am Be person.

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is am be are Was Am Is Are
10. ____ they your new friends?

Activity 6
Write It
Jumbled Words
Instructions to students: Write the words in the correct order to form questions.

1. Be-a-you- freshman-? 4. Italy-be-from-they?

2. Dean- new-be-he-the? 5. Lecture-right-hall-be-I-the-in?
3. Smith-new- be-teacher-Mrs.-your? 6. Students-be-good-we?

Activity 7
Write It
Answering Questions
Instructions to students: Write answers to the statements below.
1. What is the first day of the week? 4. How old is Akram?
2. Where is the office? 5. What is your teacher’s name?
3. When is the freshman party? 6. Why is Salim absent?

Activity 8
Fill in the Blanks
this, that, these, those or there?
Instructions to students: Select that, these, those or there to fill in the blanks and
correct the sentences.
1. Could you bring me _______ DVD over ___________ please?
2. _________ are my cats over here.
3. __________ is my new car.
4. The Media Center is beside the Student Center over _______.
5. _________ films here look much more interesting than _____ films there.
6. _________ is my instructor.
7. Is ______ calculator over there his?
8. Are ____________ flowers over there for her?
9. ________ are 4 of your classmates waiting for you in the gym.
10. Are you going _________________ after class?

Activity 9
Write It
this, those, that, these or there?
Instructions to students: Select the correct word to fill in the blanks.
Hint: Remember that the first word of a sentence begins with a capital.
1. ____________ range is within the range I was hoping for.
2. _______ security guard locked me in the library by mistake!
3. _____________ assignment is giving me a serious headache!
4. ____________ woman is the Dean.
5. ___________ is my favourite Prof.
6. _____________ are my college friends.
7. Is ____________ my pay cheque?
8. ______________ CDs are scratched.
9. Are ____________ decorations for Freshman Orientation Day?
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10. Are____________ DVDs for me?

Activity 10
This and That
Describe the Differences Between the Pictures
Instructions to students: Look at the two pictures below and look for the differences
between them. Using this and that, form sentences to describe those differences.

Activity 11
Fill in the Blanks
Articles
Instructions to student: Fill in the blanks with the correct indefinite article.
1. ------- street 5. -------- paper 8. -------- 11. ---------
2. ------ 6. -------- house ocean
umbrella answer 9. ------ 12. ------
3. ------- 7. ------ meeting interview
banana elephant 10. ------- college
4. ----------- cat

Listening
Activity 1
Answer the Questions
What’s your Schedule?
Instructions to Student: Listen to Dr. Brown, who is the Dean of the College, speaking to
the students and answer the questions that follow.

My name is Dr. Brown and I am your academic advisor. Now, let me tell you more about

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your schedule. In your first year at university, you cannot take less than 9 credit hours. In
the first semester, you do your General Studies and English. General Studies refer to
subjects like Social Studies and Computer Skills. So, every day, you attend a couple of
lectures of General Studies in the morning and one of English in the afternoon. If you need
any help with your registration or selecting a major, just make an appointment to see me
and I will be happy to assist you.

Questions:
1. What is Dr. Brown talking about?
2. What lectures do first semester students have to attend?
3. Give an example of General Studies.
4. How many lectures do students have every day?
5. What can students do if they have a problem?

Activity 2
True or False?
Freshman Students
Instructions to students: Fadiah and Samantha are first-year students. Listen to a
conversation between them and write true or false next to the statements that follow.

Fadiah: Hello, I’m Fadiah. Are you new here too?

Samantha: Yes, it is my first day. What about you? I am Samantha by the way.
Fadiah: Did you receive a copy of today’s program? I don’t have one.
Samantha: Yes, here it is.
Fadiah: Can I have a look at it, please?
Samantha: Here you go.
Fadiah: Oh, there is a speech by the Dean at 10:00 o’clock. I don’t want to miss that.
Samantha: Neither do I, I would like to hear what she has to say about the university.
Fadiah: Yes, me too.
Samantha: What do you think she will say?
Fadiah: I think her welcome speech will include information on the different programs, the
faculty members and the rules and the regulations of the university.
Samantha: That is very useful information.
Fadiah: Yes it is. Let’s have a look if there is anything else on the program?
Samantha: Following the Dean’s speech, there is a tour of the campus, lunch and a
freshman party organized by the Student Council.
Fadiah: We have a busy day ahead of us then!
Samantha: We better get going if we want to make the speech on time. It is about to start.

1. Fadiah and Samantha already know 6. Fadiah believes that the speech is
each other. not important.
2. Fadiah is a second year student. 7. The Freshman party is organized
3. Samantha does not have a program by the faculty members.
for the day’s events. 8. Fadiah and Samantha don't have
4. The Dean’s speech is at 10:00 anything to do today.
o’clock. 9. Lunch is not included in the
5. Fadiah and Samantha want to program.
attend the Dean’s speech. 10. The Dean is a woman.

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Pronunciation
Spoken English is different from written English. That is because we do not always say a
word the same way that we spell it. This is what we mean when we say English is not
"phonetic".
Some words have the same spelling, but they are pronounced differently, for

example:
 I like to read.
 I have read that book.
The English alphabet is divided into consonants and vowels. There are 21 consonants and
5 vowels in the alphabet.
There are 52 symbols representing the different sounds in the English language.
These sounds are represented in a form which is known as the International Phonetic
Alphabet (IPA). Knowing and recognizing the 52 sounds will improve your pronunciation.

Consonant sounds
Here are the 24
consonants of English

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Vowel Sounds
The following is a list
of 12 vowels and 8
diphthongs and is
based on standard
British English, often
referred to as RP
(Received
Pronunciation).

It is important to
distinguish between
the different sounds -
especially when
there are sounds
which are very
similar. The change in sound may mean an entire new word.
These are called minimal pairs because there is only one sound difference.
Look at these examples of minimal pairs:
pan- ban star- stare sop- chop

Activity 1
Circle It
Matching Sounds
Instructions to students: Look at the words below and circle the word that has the
same sound as the underlined letters in the example.

1. Ship much match mash

2. Class grace choice kept
3. Advice advise seen cliff
4. Please son prize swipe
5. University umbrella uniform faculty

Activity 2
Match the Picture to the Word
Write It
Instructions to students: Some of the words below sound almost the same. Write the
word correct word under each of the pictures.

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Match the Symbol to the Sound

Plural Form Sounds
Instructions to students: Write the word that contains the sound of the matching
symbol.
emails, books, chats, essays, researches, watches
Plural -s Plural -s Plural -s
ending ending ending
/z/ /s/ /iz/
/s/ /z/ /iz/

Activity 4
Match the Symbol to the Sound
More Sounds
Instructions to students: Write the word that contains the sound of the matching
symbol.
Sing, thin, feel, call, measure, then, pool, judge, chop, shop, fur, pass
Letters Symbols /ʒ/ /u:/
/θ/ /dʒ/ /a:/
/ð/ /ŋ/ /ɜː/
/tʃ/ /i:/
/ʃ/ Letters Symbols
Letters Symbols / ɔː/

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Speaking
Activity 1
Ice Breaker
Instruction to student: Think of three facts about yourself that you would like to share
with your classmates. Form three sentences, in English, about these facts. With the
person sitting next to you, work on the grammar and pronunciation until you feel that
the grammar is correct and you can pronounce the words properly. Each one of you
will say these sentences out loud to the rest of the class.

Activity 2
Speaking With Others
Getting to Know You
Instruction to student:
1. Form teams of 5.
2. Each person will form a proper sentence to tell the other members of the team
their name.
3. With your team members, work on forming proper sentences to answer each of
the questions on the next page. You may have different answers, but work on
the sentence structure together.
4. Check with your classmates to correct each other's work.
5. Your instructor will call on you to answer these questions in front of the rest of
your class.

1. What is your name? 8. What is your favourite movie?

2. What is your age? 9. What is your favourite song?
3. What is your major? 10. Who is your favourite singer?
4. Where are you from? 11. Where do you spend your free
5. What are your hobbies? time?
6. What is your favourite class? 12. Who is your best friend?
7. Where do you live? 13. What is your favourite food?

Activity 3
Forming Sentences with this and that
Talking About Things Near and Far
Instruction to student:
1. Select two items you can see in the class. One should be near to you and the
other item should be far from you.
2. Form one sentence using this to describe one of the items.
3. Form one sentence using that to describe the other item.
4. Your instructor will ask each of you to say these sentences out loud in front of
the class.
Eg. I like this book
I like that sweater.

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Writing
Activity 1
Filling In Forms
Providing Information About Yourself
Instructions to students: Rashid Al-Mansoori is a student at the College of Higher
Education in Birmingham. He wants to join one of the college clubs. Read his personal
information below and write each piece of information into the correct section of the
form below.

College of Higher Education

Chess Club Application Form
Please complete this form.
Title
First name
Middle name
Last/family name
Age
Nationality
Status
Permanent address
College address
Faculty
Course
E-mail address
Home phone
number
Mobile phone
number
Emergency contact
name
Relation to applicant
Emergency phone
number

Activity 2
First or Second Draft?
You Choose
Instructions to student: Rashid’s instructor asked him to write a paragraph about
himself. Rashid’s first draft had a few mistakes. He wrote a second draft and
corrected his mistakes. Read both drafts and decide which one is the first and which
one is the second draft.

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First draft, Second Draft

My name Rashid. I am coming from My name is Rashid. I am a Kuwaiti. I

Kuwaiti. I am live in Kuwait. I am live in Kuwait. I am twenty one years
having twenty one years old. I am not old. I am unmarried. I have four
married man. I am having four brothers and three sisters. At the
brothers and three sisters. At moment, moment, I am in the United Kingdom.
I in United Kingdom. I do studying at I am studying at the University of
the University of Birmingham. Am in Birmingham. I am in the Faculty of
the Faculty of Engineering. I am Engineering. I study Multimedia and
studying Multimedia and Interactive Interactive Systems. I like this course
Systems. I am liking this course very very much.
much.

Activity 3
Now Its Your Turn
All About You
Instructions to students:
Now it’s your turn to write:
1. In MS Word, write the first draft of a paragraph about yourself using
ideas from the application form in Activity 1 and the drafts in Activity 2.
2. Check the first draft with a classmate and correct any mistakes.
3. Save your second draft.
4. You will receive instructions in class about how to submit the
assignment.
Activity 4
Writing Sentences
Freshman Orientation Day
Instructions to student: Based on the program, write 7 sentences to describe the
activities during Freshman Orientation Day at Marshall University.
Please follow these instructions:
1. Do your assignment in MS Word.
2. Check it and correct any mistakes.

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3. You will receive instructions in class about how to submit the assignment.

Marshall University
Freshman Orientation Day Program

A Special Marshall University Welcome 10:00 to 11:00am

President’s Welcome Dr. Hendrikus Miller
Dean of the College of Arts & Sciences Dr. Mercedes Fox
Dean of the College of Business Administration Dr.
JohnRichardson
Dean of the College of Environmental Design Dr. Abdul Azziz
Othman
About Marshall University 11:00 to 12:00pm
Registrar Ms. Margaret Bernard
University Librarian Dr. Albert Flanagan

Center for Academic Excellence Ms. Tiffany Jenkins

Refreshments Cafeteria 12:00 to 12:30pm
Campus Tour Leaves Auditorium at 12:30 to 1:15pm
Student Groups and Activities 1:30 to 3:00pm

Please join us in the auditorium for Open Day to find out about all of
the student groups and campus activities that Marshall University has
to offer you.

Marshall Freshman Orientation Barbeque 3:15 to 5:00

We look forward to sharing this special day with you. We have music,
games, hamburgers, hotdogs, fries, soft-drinks, and FUN! LOTS of
FUN!

Welcome to Marshall University!

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Acknowledgement

The authors are grateful for this opportunity to acknowledge the valuable
contributions of the English instructors at Al Balqa Applied University's
Electronic Academy, located in As Salt, Jordan, who, in spite of their heavy
course loads, very generously contributed their time, their energy and their
constructive insights to assist us in improving the electronic course content
for the Elementary, Pre-Intermediate and Intermediate English blended
learning courses. In alphabetical order, they are: Adnan Abumafouz,
Bassem Al-Saydeeh, Rasha Darwish, Atika Ismael and last but certainly not
least, Tamador Snubar. We offer our most sincere appreciation to each and
every one of these instructors for their support.

© Investment World for Development and Technology

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"My home is not a place, it is people"

Lois McMaster Bujold , "Barrayar"

Learning Objectives

1. Use the verb have got/has got in the right context.

2. Use the verb have got/has got in positive sentences.
3. Use the verb have got/has got in negative sentences.
4. From questions using the verb have got/has got.
5. Identify adjectives and use them correctly in writing and speech.
6. Participate in short conversations related to the theme of the unit.
7. Distinguish between long vowels sounds and short vowels sounds.
8. From sentences using vocabulary from the word list.

WORD LIST

absolute: complete, unquestionable attraction

antics: funny or foolish actions blog
awful: very bad, terrible frightened
breathtaking: very surprising or delightful enormous
cousin: a son or daughter of your uncle or aunt hopeful
eager: wanting to do or have something very much, keen injuries
explore: to examine something or investigate landscape
falconry: the training of falcons to hunt wild game or small feast
animals
fond: to have warm feelings for someone or something twin
hectic: extremely busy and full of activity nephew
hospitable: welcoming, friendly, sociable niece
hunter: a person who searches for wild animals and kills recover
them
lifestyle: the way a person or group lives outstretched
mischievous: behaving in a way that is slightly bad but not moustache
serious, naughty
nasty : very bad jewelry
pleasant: enjoyable, attractive, agreeable mountains
safari: a journey overland to look for wild animals plains
sanctuary: a place that provides safety from harm waterfall

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spa: a place where people can go and get health or dunes
beauty treatments
spectacular: amazing, fantastic, breathtaking desert

Vocabulary

Antonyms and Synonyms

New words can be easily remembered if we can connect them with words we already
know. These words can either be antonyms or synonyms. What are antonyms and
synonyms? Look at the following examples:
happy- sad
tall- short
big- small
Synonyms on the other hand are words that mean the same thing, or are very close in
meaning, for instance:
amazing – wonderful - breathtaking
friendly – hospitable - sociable

Activity 1
Write the Matching Word
Match the Synonyms
Instructions to students: Write the words below to the space provided beside the word
that has the opposite meaning.
Keen- busy- amazing- unquestionable- awful- playful- friendly
hectic
absolute
spectacular
terrible
eager
mischievous
hospitable

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Activity 2
Crossword Puzzle
Instruction to student: Read the clues
CLUES
to the crossword puzzle and type
the answer into the correct spaces. Across

1. A journey overland to look for wild

animals.
4. A son or daughter of your uncle or aunt.
7. One who has lived for the shortest time.
Down
1. A place that provides safety from harm.
2. The training of falcons to hunt wild game
1 2 or small animals.
S f 3. The way a person or group lives.
5 A place where people can go and get
health or beauty treatments.
3
6 A person who searches for wild animals
l
and kills them.
4 5
S
c

6
h
7
y

Activity 3
Hangman Game
Instructions to students: Read the following clues and try to guess the word. Be careful!
Every wrong choice will bring you closer to the hangman’s rope!

1. Synonyms for this word include; awful and very bad

2. The opposite of this word is uncaring
3. Synonyms of this word include naughty and playful.
4. Synonyms for this word include nice and agreeable.
5. The opposite of this word is unfortunate.
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Activity 4
Family Word Search
Write It
Instructions to students: Search for words from the Word List in the square below.
Once you identify a word, type it into one of the spaces provided below.

G R A N D M O T H E R S
B R E I P B R O T H E R
W K A Y O G M T I A U B
C R U N C L E E A N G L
O R N U D I O E R I Z M
U G T R N F E R M E U O
S S E I D J A A O C B T
I P P O F V B T T E R H
N E P H E W E U H I O E
M U V V E R T I C E T R
D A F D Y S I S T E R S
F A T H E R E F C U K L

Activity 5
Jumbled Letters
Forming Words
Instructions to student: Use the definitions below as hints to identify the matching
word from the Word List, then write the word in the space provided.
Anagram Definition Word
stanic funny or foolish actions
ploorex to examine something or investigate
tablehospi Welcoming
ingtakbreath very surprising or delightful
consin the child of aunt or uncle

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Activity 6
Write It
Match the Words with the Pictures
Instructions to student: Write the word next to the matching picture.

Reading

Activity 1
Multiple Choice
Family Connections
Instructions to student: Read the following text about Luke’s family and answer the
questions that multiple choice questions that follow.

My grandfather is a school care-taker. He is 60 years old and he lives in a small village

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in the country. He’s been married to my grandmother for many years now. They’ve got
three children – two boys and a girl. My father, Dave, is married to my mother, Sandra.
He is the eldest and he is 40 years old.
My Aunt Jane and Uncle Jim are twins. They’re both 35 years old. Aunt Jane is married
to Sam and they both now live in Kenya. They have got two children Sue and Mike.
They are my favorite cousins. We went to visit them last summer and I discovered that
they’ve got really cool pets. Mike has got a speaking parrot and Sue has a cute monkey.
My other cousins live in Dubai because Uncle Jim is a program developer in one of the
big companies there. His wife, Debbie, teaches English at the International School.
Their children Alex and Adam go to the same school where their mother teaches. They
really enjoy the Dubai lifestyle but they miss their grandparents back home.
I am Luke and I am the youngest in my family. I have three sisters, Mary, Liz and
Jenny. We live next door to my grandparents which is really great because Gran is
always making cookies and cakes for us. We are all very excited because my sister
Mary is getting married in the summer and this means the whole family will get
together again.
1. Who is the narrator? c. 40 years old
a. Luke 5. What pets have Sue and Mike
b. Sam got?
c. The grandfather a. Mike has a speaking
2. How many uncles has Mike parrot while Sue has a
got? cute monkey.
a. one b. Mike has a cute
b. two monkey while Sue has
c. three got a speaking parrot.
3. Where does Uncle Jim work? c. Mike has got a
a. in a big company speaking monkey while
b. in the International Sue has a cute parrot.
School 6. Where does Luke live?
c. in Kenya a. in a small village in the
country
4. How old is Aunt Jane? b. in Kenya
a. 35 years old c. in Dubai
b. 60 years old

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Activity 2
Family Relationships
Create a Family Tree
Instructions to student: Review the text from Activity 1 and write the family members’
names to make a family tree.

Activity 3
True or False
Luke’s Blog
Instructions to students: Luke writes in his blog almost every day. Here is one of his
entries describing his African adventure Holiday. Read his blog entry and decide
whether the statements that follow are true or false.
Africa is one of the most exciting places in the world. It has got incredible animals,
breathtaking landscapes and the people are very hospitable and friendly. It has soaring
mountains, breathtaking plains, great rivers and wondrous waterfalls. My trip there is
something I will never forget. My Aunt Jane and Uncle Sam moved there a long time
ago and my cousins, Mike and Sue were born there. Not only were they born in Africa,
but they also have an animal sanctuary. How amazing is that!
Their animal sanctuary has got all sorts of animals like zebras, baby elephants, some
giraffes, some really cool snakes, lots of mischievous monkeys and a baby lion cub
whose mother was killed by hunters. I am especially fond of the monkeys because they
are always climbing all over the place and stealing food from every one.
My absolute favorite monkey was the one Sue had. It has an African name, Mashudu,
which means lucky. It has got this name because it is very lucky to be alive. Sue took
really good care of it when he arrived at the sanctuary with its terrible injuries. Now
that I am back home, I really miss Mashudu’s antics.
1. Luke thinks that Africa has got 4. Mashudu’s means sick monkey.
astonishing animals.  True
 True  False
 False
5. Sue adopted a baby lion cub.
2. Luke will easily forget his trip to  True
Africa.  False
 True
 False 6. Mashudu hag got this name
because it is fortunate.
3. The monkeys are very well  True
behaved.  False
 True
 False

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7. Luke misses the cool snakes.

 True 9. Luke is writing an entry in his
 False blog.
 True
8. An animal sanctuary is a place  False
where you hunt animals.
 True
 False

Activity 4
Multiple Choice
Debbie in Dubai
Instructions to student: Luke’s aunt Debbi is writing to her mother about her family’s
upcoming vacation plans. Read her letter and answer the multiple choice questions that
follow.

Dear Mum:
Hi, how are you? We are all fine but we miss you a lot. Sorry I have not written for
such a long time, but honestly, things are hectic here at the moment. Alex and Adam
are off school sick with nasty colds and sore throats. Hopefully they will get better by
the time the term ends next week so that we can still go off and explore the attractions
that Dubai has to offer.
I never realized that there was so much to do here. The boys are eager to try Dune
Driving and Sand Skiing which sounds pretty exciting doesn’t it! Jim wants to go on a
Desert Safari that includes a feast under the stars, Arabic music and dancing, a
spectacular display of Falconry and sleeping in Bedouin tents. As for myself, I am
looking forward to a day of shopping, and perhaps, if I can fit it in, a nice long relaxing
well-deserved day in a Spa.
Hopefully, when you come to visit us, you will get a chance to experience some of the
attractions of Dubai.
Missing you a lot and looking forward to seeing you and Dad,
Debbie

1. The adjective “hectic” is closest in 2. The adjective “eager” is closest in

meaning to: meaning to:
 calm  keen
 busy  lazy
 careful  brilliant

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3. The adjective “spectacular” is 4. The adjective “well-deserved” is

closest in meaning to: closest in meaning to:
 huge  twisted
 dull  confident
 Amazing  hard-earned

5. The adjective “nasty” is closest in

meaning to:
 horrid
 frustrated
 polite

Grammar

1. Sara has got long hair.

2. Sara and Kareem have got three brothers.
3. Sara’s mother has got a red car.
What do you notice about the underlined verbs?
Hint: We use have got and has got to talk about possessions.
Grammar Focus
Have got / Has got are two useful verbs that we use in English to show possession;
that we own something or that something is ours.
Examples:
Sami has got back hair. (His hair is black)
They have got a new house. (They own a new house. It is their house)
Have got / has got can be used to make positive or negative statements and
questions. In the following tables you will see these verbs used in positive and negative
statement as well as questions.

Positive Sentences

Subject Short/Long Form Got Example

I
We ‘ve got a big house
You (have)
They
He ‘s
She (has) got light hair
It

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Negative Sentences

Subject Short/Long Form Got Example

I
We haven’t got a big house
You (have not )
They
He
She hasn’t got light hair
It (has not)
Questions

Question Word Subject Got Example

I
Have We got a big house?
You
They
He
Has She got light hair?
It
Short Answers

Answer
I
Yes We have
You
They
He
Yes She has
It
Answer
I
No We haven’t
You
They (have not)
He
No She hasn’t
It (has not)

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Grammar Focus 2
Adjectives
Adjectives are words that we use to describe nouns. Adjectives usually come before
nouns eg. a red car, a big shop, a small country, a beautiful town, a lovely village.
They can also come after certain verbs such as the verb to be e.g.
The doctor is excellent.
This country is Beautiful.
Choosing the most suitable adjective will enhance our writing or speech. However, there
are some adjectives that are sometimes used too often such as nice, great, and
lovely. There are many alternative words we can use instead of these. Look at the
words we have found to replace the adjective ‘great’.
GREAT
splendid enormous
outstanding huge
famous gigantic
brilliant incredible
wonderful fantastic
important terrific

Grammar Focus 2 Subcategory: Country Adjectives

What are country adjectives?
Country adjectives are adjectives that are used to show where a person comes from. For
example:
Sami comes from Jordan. He is Jordanian.
The word Jordanian is an adjective that shows nationality. It tells specifically that Sami
comes from Jordan.
There are different ways to make country adjectives. We usually add letters at the end of
the country word to make nationality adjectives. The table below contains the most
common syllables that are added to make these adjectives.
-is British, Spanish
-an American, African
-ese Chinese, Japanese
-i Pakistani, Iraqi
-ian Argentinean, Cambodian

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Beware: Some country adjectives are completely different.

Examples: Holland- Dutch
Thailand- Thai
The table below has a list of many nationalities and country adjectives.

Nationalities

COUNTRY ADJECTIV COUNTRY ADJECTIV COUNTRY ADJECTIV

E E E
Africa African Germany German Poland Polish
America American Greece Greek Portugal Portuguese
(USA) Holland Dutch Rumania Rumanian
Argentina Argentinean Hungary Hungarian Russia Russian
Austria Austrian Iceland Icelandic Saudi Saudi, Saudi
Australia Australian Arabia Arabian
India Indian
Banglades Bangladeshi Scotland Scottish
Indonesia Indonesian
h Serbia Serbian
Iran Iranian
Belgium Belgian the Slovak Slovak
Iraq Iraqi
Brazil Brazilian Republic
Ireland Irish
Britain British Sri Lanka Sri Lankan
Israel Israeli
Cambodia Cambodian Sweden Swedish
Italy Italian
Chile Chilean Switzerlan Swiss
Jamaica Jamaican d
China Chinese
Japan Japanese Thailand Thai
Colombia Colombian
Mexico Mexican The USA American
Croatia Croatian
Morocco Moroccan Tunisia Tunisian
the Czech Czech
Republic Norway Norwegian Turkey Turkish
Denmark Danish Pakistan Pakistani Vietnam Vietnamese
England English Peru Peruvian Venezuela Venezuelan
Finland Finnish the Philippine Wales Welsh
Philippines
France French Yugoslavia Yugoslav

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Activity 1
Jumbled Words
Making Sentences
Instructions to student: Now that you know more about the verb have got/has got,
Use this knowledge to rearrange the words below to make correct sentences.
1. has/The / three/ shopping/ got/ mall /restaurants/.
2. has /coffee/ The /got /shop /any /not /coffee/.
3. has /Salma/ black /got /hair/.
4. Any/ got/ Don /has/ hobbies/ not/.
5. got /My /not/ cat /tail /has/ a/.
6. The/ children/ have /Robinson’s/ not /any/ got/.
7. earth /moon /got/ one/ has/ The/.
8. students /The /got/ new/ have/ chairs/.
9. Got/ friends/have/any/not/ I/.
10. in /got/ the /any/ We /food /haven’t /freezer/.

Activity 2
Have got/Has got
Making Questions
Instructions to student: Based on what you learned about have got, has got, change
the following statements into questions.
1. She has got a sister
2. Malik has got a farm.
3. I have got a laptop.
4. They have got an exam on Sunday.
5. We have got blue eyes.
6. Elephants have got big ears.
7. Sam has got short legs.
8. The club has got a big swimming pool.
9. Hani has got four brothers
10. The Media Center has got many resources.
11. The boys have got a lot of homework to do.
12. We have got a speaking parrot.

Activity 3
Have got/Has got
Fill in the Blanks
Instructions to student: Fill in the blanks with the correct form of has got/have got.
1. This unit ------ many activities.
2. English ------- many vowel sounds.
3. Many Italian families --------- olive groves.
4. The university --------- many new students.
5. Hadi -------- two cats and one dog.
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6. I ------- many History books.

7. Jane --------- big blue eyes.
8. His children -------- brown curly hair.
9. Dubai ---------- many attractions.
10. We ----------- a new car.

Activity 4
Have got/Has got
What Have They Got?
Instructions to student: Look at the pictures and choose the correct form of has
got/hasn’t got/ have got/ haven’t got from the drop down menu to describe Ben,
Jameela and Jack.
1. Jameela ------- long brown hair.
2. Jameela ----------- blue shoes on.
3. Jack and Ben --------short hair.
4. Jack --------- brown hair.
5. Ben ------------ blonde hair.
6. The boys ----------- blue Jeans on.
7. Jameela ------------- her red trousers on.
8. They all ---------------- a newspaper with them.
9. The newspaper ---------------- information about school.

Activity 5
Have got/Has got
Fill in the Blanks
Instructions to student: Fill in the blanks with the correct answer.
1. ----------------------- blonde hair?
No, he ---------------------.
2. ------------------a big house?
Yes, they------------------.
3. --------------- we -------- a long holiday soon?
Yes, we------------------
4. ---------------she------any friends?
No, she--------------------.
5. --------------- you ---------------- any plans for tomorrow night?
No, I ----------------------
6. Has the university got a big campus?
Yes, it --------------

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Activity 6
Have or Has?
Guess the Animal!
Instructions to students: Using have or has, write sentences to answer the questions
correctly to guess the animal.
The animal in question is a land animal. It lives in Africa and it is a mammal.
1. Has this animal got four legs?
2. Have these animals got long necks?
3. Have these animals got tails?
4. Has this animal got a pattern on its skin?
5. Has this animal got a long tongue?

Activity 7
Fill in the Blanks
The Johnsons
Instructions to students: Read the following paragraph about the Johnson’s’ and choose
the correct form of has got/hasn’t got to fill in the blanks.
This is Mr. and Mrs. Johnson. They are going to work. Mrs. Johnson --------
brown curly hair and a long nose. She --------- a pink dress on, but she ---------- a
yellow top and a purple shirt. She ---------- any of her children with her because she is
going to work. She ----------- her brown briefcase with her today because she --------
----- very important documents to take to work.
Mr. Johnson on the other hand----------- his briefcase with him because he
doesn’t need it today. He ------------ a moustache and curly grey hair. He --------
quite a big nose. He --------------- his favorite brown suit and red bow-tie on.

Activity 8
Antonyms
Memory Game
Instructions to students: Match the words below with the words that have the opposite
meaning in the table.
dirty- short- slow- beautiful- even- straight- new-light- thin- tidy

Word Antonym Word Antonym

1. long 6. messy
2. fat 7. clean
3. odd 8. fast
4. curly 9. old
5. heavy 10 ugly

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Activity 9
Write It
Match the Adjectives
Instructions to student: Write the adjectives that mean the same as the word in the
box.
pleasant- awful- dreadful- kind –terrible- fine -unpleasant –good

nice bad

Activity 10
Fill in the Blanks
Country Adjectives
Instruction to students: Fill in the blanks with the correct country adjective.
1. Aziz is from Kuwait. He is ____________.
2. Monique is from Holland. She is ___________.
3. Ahmad lives in the UK. He is ________________.
4. Lina is from Canada. She is _______________.
5. He is from Sri La. He is ____________.
6. Tom is from the USA. He is ___________.
7. Georgette is from Paris. She is ________________.
8. Marco is from Italy. He is _________________.
Activity 11
Fill in the Blanks
Country Adjectives
Instructions to students: Write the correct country adjectives in the space provided.
Can you guess the nationalities of these famous people? If you aren’t sure about any
of them, just look on the internet to see which country they are from.
1. Will Smith is _________________.
2. Fairouz is __________________.
3. Ringo Star is _______________.
4. Maradonna is _________________.
5. Prince Walid is _____________.
6. Pele is ________________.
7. Emperor Hirohito is ________________.
8. Hugo Chevas is ________________.

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Listening
Activity1
Match the Description to the House
Whose house is it?
Instructions to student: Match the descriptions to the house. Write the names of the
owners of the houses in the spaces provided.

Activity 2
Match the Person with the Description
Who is it?
Instructions to student: Match the descriptions to the people. Draw a line from the
description to the picture of the person being described.

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Activity2
Pick the Color
Match the Color to the Word
Instructions to student: Pick the colors that match the words below.

Pronunciation

There are five vowels in the English language (a, o, u, i, e) but there are over 20
symbols for vowel sounds in the IPA. To make it easier to understand, we can divide
these sounds into
-Short vowel sounds e.g. pin, put, pat, pet, pot
-Long vowel sounds e.g. feet, fool, far, for, fur
-Diphthongs e.g. high, how, hope, hail
In this unit, we will learn to distinguish between the long and short vowel sounds.
Activity1
Matching Sounds with Symbols
Do You Know Your Symbols?
Instructions to student: Write the words that have the same vowel sounds to the
spaces provided with the matching symbols.
free- cool- whose- breathe- cruise- receive- truth- beans- flee- freedom
tooth- loom- park- heart- curb- wall- caught- sergeant- girl- search- shawl-
all- bird –aunt- fur- draw- cart- part –occur- fall

/i:/ /u:/ /a:/ /ɔ:/ /ɜ:/

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Activity 2
Drag and Drop
Short and Long Vowel Sounds
Instructions to student: Write the words that have long and short vowel sounds to the
spaces provided for them.
bee - real –pin- tool -come –ten- cube- rule- cat –hoot-zoo- far –buddy- mall
-for -fuss trick- book- bond -bread
Long Vowel Words Short Vowel Words

Activity 3
Matching Vowel Sounds
Keep it Short!
Instructions to student: Write the words that have the same vowel sounds to the
spaces provided with the matching symbols.
big- met- duck- cat- soft- did- web- tummy- band- spot- stop- back- son-
pen- miss- bit hot- ten- some- grand- win- yes- bus- mad- got- drop- plant-
jump- desk- skin- crop- hand- dumb- test- pink- print- men- hunt- dad- Hop
/i/ /e/ /u/ /æ/ /ʌ/

Activity 4
Write It
Match the Symbol to the Sound
Instructions to student: In the space beside each word, write the symbol that matches
the sound of the bolded letters.
1. fill _______ 2. heal ______ 3. back _______ 4. belt _______ 5. belt
6. cap ___ 7. hot _______ 8. mud ______ 9. mast _______ 10. stool ________
11. call ____

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Activity 5
Write It
Long and Short Vowels
Instructions to student: Pick the words that have short vowels and those that have
long vowels.
heat- ten- leave- bed- caught- pool- feet- tube- fall

Speaking

Activity 1
Ice Breaker
Mystery Country
Instructions to student: Can you guess the country of the other teams?
1. Form teams of 5.
2. With your teammates, choose a country and research it online .
3. Think of questions that the other teams may ask you to guess the country
you’ve selected and find the answers to those questions.
4. In class, you will compete with the other teams.
5. Each member will be responsible for asking and answering a question.
6. The team that can guess the most countries will win the game.

Activity 2
Research
Countries of the World
Choose a country from the list below and research it online. Find some interesting facts
about the country and its people. Make notes and prepare a short presentation to share
with the class.
Brazil, Greece, Australia, USA, India, Kenya

Writing

Activity 1
Write It
Describing Relationships
Instructions to Students: Look at any picture of five people who belong to a family.
Write a short paragraph describing their relationships with each other.

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Activity 2
Write It
Describe Your Family
Instructions to Students: Create a family tree for your family and write a short
paragraph describing their relationships with each other.

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Acknowledgement

The authors are grateful for this opportunity to acknowledge the valuable
contributions of the English instructors at Al Balqa Applied University's
Electronic Academy, located in As Salt, Jordan, who, in spite of their heavy
course loads, very generously contributed their time, their energy and their
constructive insights to assist us in improving the electronic course content
for the Elementary, Pre-Intermediate and Intermediate English blended
learning courses. In alphabetical order, they are: Adnan Abumafouz, Bassem
Al-Saydeeh, Rasha Darwish, Atika Ismael and last but certainly not least,
Tamador Snubar. We offer our most sincere appreciation to each and every
one of these instructors for their support.

© Investment World for Development and Technology

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"Sports serve society by providing vivid examples for excellence"
George Will
Learning Objectives

1. Identify the different forms of the models verb can.

2. Form positive sentences using the verb can.
3. Form negative sentences using the verb can.
4. Form yes/no questions sentences using the verb can.
5. Form WH-questions sentences using the verb can.
6. Identify subject and object pronouns.
7. Use personal pronouns in correct sentences.
8. Identify the difference between digital and analogue time telling.
9. Identify the difference between cardinal and ordinal numbers.
10. Use time prepositions correctly.
11. Form sentences using vocabulary from the word list.
12. Participate in short conversations.
13. Use correct expressions in making arrangements.
14. Identify consonant sounds.
15. Fill the understand applications forms correctly.
16. Write a short paragraph describing a favorite sport.

Word List

assistant: someone who helps someone else to do a job national

athlete: a person who is very good at sports or physical features
exercise, especially one who competes in
organized events
competition an organized event in which people try to win a common
: prize by being the best, fastest, etc
dawn: the early morning when light first appears in the purpose
sky
dusk: the time in the evening when it starts to become caution
dark
enforce: to make people obey a law, or to make a personnel
particular situation happen or be accepted
facilities: the buildings, equipment and services provided for energize
a particular purpose.
foul: an act which is against the rules of a sport, often suit
causing injury to another player
injured: hurt or physically harmed book
intercept: to stop and catch something or someone before digital
they are able to reach a particular place
offence: behaving improperly in a game. analogue
opponent: someone who you compete against in a game or issued
competition.

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penalty: an advantage given to a team when the opposing cheer

team has broken a rule.
punished : to make someone suffer because they have budding
done something bad
ranks: to have a position in a list which shows things or participate
people in order of importance
referee: someone who makes sure that players follow the tone
rules during a sports game
score: to get points in a game or test misconduct
substitute: to use someone or something instead of another incur
person or thing
tackle: to try to get the ball from someone in a game commercial
such as football
trip: to make someone fall by putting your foot in front of their
foot or by losing your own balance

Note: Students are responsible for knowing all the words in the Word List and will be examined
accordingly. For those words for which no definition has been provided, students will be
responsible for finding the definition.

"Sports serve society by providing vivid examples for excellence"

George Will

Vocabulary Focus

There are many expressions that we use to express and tell the time. If you learn these
expressions, telling time will not be difficult.
First of all, you need to remember that time is divided into day and night.
Day time is referred to as a.m.
(ante meridiem)
which is Latin for 'before noon'.

Night time is referred to as

p.m.
(post meridiem) which is Latin for “after noon”.
There are different ways to tell time:
Digital
Analogue

Digital Time:
A day has 24 hours. Digital time uses a 24 hour format.
We say
16:00= 4:00 p.m.
04:00= 4:00 a.m.

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Analogue Time:
A day has 24 hours, but it is divided into 12 hours for daytime and 12 hours for
nighttime.
4:00 p.m. = 4 o’clock in the afternoon
4:00 a.m. = 4 o’clock in the morning
Here are some examples of different ways to express time.
3 o’clock (in the morning) = 3:00 a.m. = 03:00
42 minutes to 6 (in the morning)= 5:42 a.m. = 05:42
3 o’clock (in the afternoon) = 3:00 p.m.= 15:00

To express portions of time, we use: for, to, past, to express portions of time.
3:30 would be expressed as half past three
10:30 would be expressed as half past ten
3:40 would be expressed as twenty to four
Dates:
When reading dates, we need ordinal numbers. What are ordinal numbers?
Ordinal numbers help us put things in order.
We say:
The game is on the tenth.
The tennis match is on the sixth.
Ahmed is the first winner.
Jamal is the second student.
Mike is the third speaker.
Here is a table that shows both cardinal and ordinal numbers.
Cardinal Ordinal
One First
Two Second
Three Third
Four Fourth
Five Fifth
Six Sixth
Seven Seventh
Eight Eighth
Nine Ninth
Ten Tenth

Now that we know what ordinal numbers are, let’s look at the different ways of
reading dates.
The meeting is on the first of March. (1st of March)
The meeting is on March the first.
The basketball game is on the twentieth of August. (20th of August)
The basketball game is on August twentieth.

Even if we write the date in numbers such as 9-6-1999, we read it as follows:

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The ninth of June, nineteen ninety-nine
Seasons, Months, Days, and Parts of the Day
The year is divided into four seasons: spring, summer, autumn, winter
There are twelve months in the year: January, February, March, April, May, June, July,
August, September, October, November and December
There are seven days in the week: Sunday, Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday,
Friday, Saturday
The day is divided into different parts: dawn, morning, midday, afternoon, evening, dusk,
evening and night

Activity 1
Draw a Clock
What is the time?
Instructions to students: Look at the times below and draw a clock that matches the time
that is written in words.
1. Eleven forty- 3. Quarter past 5. Six twenty five 7. Quarter to 9. Ten past ten
five eight 6. Twenty to three 10. Half past
2. Twelve thirty 4. Ten o’clock seven 8. Ten past six seve

Activity 2
Write the Cardinal Number
Cardinal and Ordinal
Instructions to students: Write the cardinal number that matches the ordinal number.
0. ninety 3. seventy 6. thirty one 9. sixty- 11. one
1. twenty 4. second 7. eleven seven
2. hundred 5. fifty-five 8. forty-two 10. three

Activity 3
Write the Dates
Match the Dates
Instructions to students: Write the dates from Column A to match the dates from Column
B.
twenty-first of March, two thousand
first of May, nineteen-sixty
A B
second of January, nineteen seventy- four
1-5- 1960
eighth of October, two thousand and four
21-3-2000 fourth of July, eighteen hundred
4-7-1800 thirtieth of August, two thousand and eight
30- 8- 2008
2-1- 1974
8-10-2004

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Activity 4
Write It
Numbers in the Calendar
Instructions to students: Look at the calendar and write the numbers in the correct
spaces.
1. There are----------------- days in a 6. There are -----------------days in a
year. week.
2. There are -----------months in a year. 7. There are ------------------hours in a
3. There are ------------weeks in a year. day.
4. There are ----or ---------days in a 8. There are --------------minutes in an
month. hour.
5. February has -----------or ------------- 9. There are ----------- seconds in a
days. minute.

Activity 5
Type it!
Instructions to students: Answer the questions that follow by typing the correct answer in
the space provided.
1. What is the month that comes before November?
2. What day comes between Saturday and Monday?
3. What is the last month of the year?
4. What is the month that comes between March and May?
5. What month has 28 or 29 days?

Activity 6
Hangman
Instructions to students: Read the following clues and try to guess the missing word. Be
careful! Every wrong choice will bring you closer to the hangman’s rope!
1. an act which is against the rules of a sport, often causing injury to another player.
2. an advantage given to a team when the opposing team has broken a rule
3. to stop someone or something before they are able to reach a particular place
4. to make people obey a rule or law
5. to try to get the ball from someone in a game such as football
6. someone who makes sure that players follow the rules during a sports game
7. to make someone fall by putting your foot in front of their foot.
8. to use someone or something instead of another person or thing
9. someone who you compete against in a game or competition
10. to get points in a game or test

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Activity 7
Fill in the Blanks
What is the Missing Word?
Instructions to students: Read the following sentences and try to guess the missing word.
Your clue is found in the sentence itself. All of the words are in the Word List.

1. The referees watching the game from the side lines are called-----------------
referees.
2. Ronaldinho is one of the most successful------------- in the world. He is well known
everywhere.
3. David Beckham ---------------- his foot many times while playing with Manchester
United.
4. Argentina has the best football team in the world. It ------------- number one
among the other football teams.
5. Misconduct of players is ---------------by a caution or sending off.

Activity 8
Write It
Matching Sports and Places
Instructions to students: Every sport takes place in a specific location. Write the name of
each location to the space provided next to the name of the sport that is played there.
ring- arena-court –floor- pitch- field –court- ice rink- course -alley –field- ground -court
1. boxing 3. 4. 6. baseball 9. golf 12. rugby
2. wrestling basketball ymnastics 7. tennis 10. bowling 13. cricket
5. football 8. skating 11. squash

Activity 9
Write It!
Sports Equipment
Instructions to students: Write the names of the sports to the spaces provided under the
pictures of the equipment used in that sport.
tennis cricket badminton baseball bowling football golf

1. racket, ball, net 4. bats, gloves and 5. rackets, net, 7. clubs and ball
2. ball ball shuttlecock
3. ball and pins 6. wickets, ball, bails

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Reading

Activity 1
Multiple Choice
Athletic Family
Instructions to students: Read the following text about Mike’s family and then answer
the multiple choice questions that follow.
Mike comes from a family of athletes, but none of them play the same sport. His father,
Sam, is a weight lifter and he can lift weights up to 150Kg. He participates in weight
lifting events all over the world.
Mike’s mother, Mary, is a karate instructor. She has a karate studio where she teaches
little children karate.
Mike has a brother and a sister, John and Maria. John is 25 and his sport of choice is
volleyball. He is a member of the university volleyball team and he has won a number of
games with his team. Maria is the youngest in the family, and she is a budding
gymnast. She started with gymnastics when she was 4 years old, and now at the age of
16 she can participate in many gymnastic events, like the balance beam and floor
gymnastics.
As for Mike, he is a football player and his favorite team is Real Madrid. He cannot miss
any football match with his favorite team and he is always cheering his team on.
1. Which member of Mike’s family plays 4. Who won many games with the
volleyball? volleyball team?
a. Mike a. Mike
b. Sam b. John
c. John c. Sam
2. According to the text, who can carry 5. Who participates in events around the
weights up to 150kg? world?
a. Sam a. The whole family
b. Maria b. Sam
c. Mary c. Mary
3. Who started to play gymnastics at a 6. Who teaches children karate?
young age? a. John and Mary
a. Maria b. Sam and Mary
b. Mike c. Mary by herself
c. John

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Activity 2
True or False?
National Sport
Instructions to students: Read the passage about national sports and decide whether
the following questions are true or false.
Note to programmer: True False question.

Almost every country has a national sport of its own. How does a sport become the
national sport of a country? There aren’t any hard and fast rules, but there are some
common features that these national sports share. In most cases, the rules and
regulations of these sports are well known by the people in that country. Moreover,
sports that are selected as national sports are sports that the people play or watch more
than any other sport. Finally, the national sport is usually a sport that has been popular
for a long time or that has become very popular in the present. In some cases, a
national sport is made the sport of a specific country by mandate of the government,
such as the case of lacrosse and ice hockey in Canada.
Association football ranks as the top national sport among all other sports. 70 countries
around the world consider association football as their national sport. These countries
include but are not limited to; Germany, Mexico, Jordan, Syria, Indonesia, Brazil,
France, England, Egypt, and Spain. Other sports which have become national sports
include cricket, basketball, skiing, wrestling, ice hockey, kick boxing and rugby union.
There are some countries that have got more than one national sport. For example,
China has two popular national sports. These are association football and table tennis.
New Zealand, Wales and Fiji’s most popular sports are rugby union and cricket. How
about your country? Does it have a national sport?
1. There are certain laws that turn a 6. Kick boxing does not count as a
sport into being a national sport. national sport.
True False True False
2. National sports have some common 7. The popular sports of Wales are
characteristics. cricket and football.
True False True False
3. The most popular sport is association 8. Only currently popular sports can
football. become national sports.
True False True False
4. China has more than one popular 9. Only Germany, Mexico, Jordan,
sport. Syria, Indonesia, Brazil, France,
True False England, Egypt and Spain consider
5. New Zealand and Fiji do not have the football as their national sport.
same popular sports. True False
True False

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Activity 3
Multiple Choice
Goal!
Instructions to students: Read the following text about association football and answer
the multiple choice questions that follow.
Association football, as you now know, is one of the most popular sports in the world. It
is also known as soccer or simply, football. This is a sport that involves team play and is
played in a football pitch. There are eleven players on each team, and the purpose of
the game is get hold of the ball, move it across the fields and to kick it through the
opponent’s goal post. The team that scores most goals is the team that wins the game.
The only players who can touch the ball with their hands are the goal keepers. The rest
of the players can not touch the ball with their hands. They can only kick the ball and
pass it between their team members to score a goal. Players can use many movements
while trying to score a goal. These include passing the ball to their teammates,
dribbling, shooting at the goal posts, tackling, or intercepting opponents.
The game consists of two halves or periods, each is forty-five minutes long. These are
divided by a fifteen minute half-time. The game is not stopped unless the ball leaves the
field, a player is injured, substituted or the referee stops the game. The referee is the
official keeper of the time and he is the one responsible for enforcing the laws of the
game. The referee is assisted by two assistant referees who follow the game from the
side lines.
Football has seventeen laws. These are called the Laws of the Game, but there are
many additional regulations and laws issued by the International Football Association
Board (IFAB), which help regulate the game. The Fédération Internationale de Football
Association (FIFA) is the body responsible for publishing the Laws of the Game, but it is
IFAB that sees these laws through.
There are many interesting expressions related to football. The game starts with a kick
off and the ball is always in play when the game is running. The ball is out of play when
the game has stopped for any reason. The game can be continued using one of eight
restart ways: kickoff, goal kick, corner kick, indirect free kick, direct free kick, penalty
kick, or dropped ball.
Any offences carried out by the players against the Laws of the Game will lead to a foul.
Offences such as handling the ball inappropriately, pushing or tripping opposite players
are punished by a penalty kick or a direct free kick. Other fouls can incur an indirect
free kick.
Players’ misconduct is punished by a caution or a sending off. These are represented in
a yellow or red card respectively. The yellow and red cards were used in the 1970 FIFA
world cup for the first time and continue to be used today.
Football continues to be popular today and it is a sport that is enjoyed by young and old
alike. It is easy to play, and once you learn the rules, all you need is a ball and a field!

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1. Football has ---------------original laws. 5. One of the following is not used to
These are called the Laws of the Game. restart a game of football.
a. seventeen a. Kick in
b. eleven b. Indirect free kick
c. twenty-six c. Direct free kick
2. One of the following reasons can stop 6. The place where football is played is
the game. called:
a. When the players kick off the ball. a. pitch
b. When a player is substituted. b. court
c. When a player passes a ball. c. track
3. According to the text, players 7. The referee gives players a yellow or red
misconduct is punished by a card to show that the players
a. caution or sending off. have----.
b. substitution of players. a. played very well.
c. changing of referees. b. have lost a game.
4. Who is responsible for publishing the c. have carried out a misconduct.
Laws of the Game? 8. If players commit any offences, they will
a. FIFA receive a
b. IFAB a. foul
c. NFA b. caution
c. sending off

Grammar

John can play basketball.

John cannot play tennis.
Can John swim?
Q: What type of verb is can and what does it do in these sentences?
Hint: Can is a modal verb that is used to expresses ability.
Note to students: Check Grammar Focus 1.
Grammar Focus 1
Can/Cannot
Can is a modal verb that is used very frequently in English. It is a very useful verb to
use because it can help you express:
 Ability: I can speak English.
 Permission: She cannot leave without doing her homework.
 Request: Can you tell me the time?
 Opportunity: We can watch the game when we go to the stadium.
 Possibility: Any one can play sports.
It is important to remember that can is always followed by the verb in the

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infinitive form.

e.g. I can drive (correct)

I can driving. (incorrect)
He can drive. (correct)
He can drives (incorrect)
Positive Sentences using can
I I can play basket ball.
you can You can swim.
we We can play hockey.
they They can play soccer.
He He can do karate.
She She can do gymnastics.
it The dog can catch the ball.
Negative Sentences using can
I I cannot play basketball.
you cannot You cannot swim.
we can’t We cannot play hockey.
they They cannot play soccer
He He cannot do karate.
She She cannot do gymnastics.
it The dog cannot catch the ball.
Questions using can
I Can I play basketball?
you Can you swim?
we Can we play hockey?
Can they Can they Play soccer?
He Can he Play karate?
She Can she do gymnastics?
it Can the dog catch the ball?
Short Answers using can
Can I play basketball? Yes, I can.
No, I cannot.
No, I can’t.
Can you swim? Yes, you can.
No, you cannot.
No, you can’t.
Can we play hockey? Yes, we can.
No, we cannot.
No, we can’t.
Can they play soccer? Yes, they can.
No, they cannot.
No, they can’t.
Can he play karate? Yes, he can.

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No, he cannot.
No, he can’t.
Can she do gymnastics? Yes, she can.
No, she cannot.
No, she can’t.
Can the dog catch the ball? Yes, it can.
No, it cannot.
No, it can’t.

Grammar Focus 2
Pronouns:
Pronouns are words that we can use in place of a noun.
Mike can swim
He can swim
Boys can cook.
They can cook.
Huda likes Suzan and Maha.
Huda likes them.
There are many types of pronouns. The following table contains the different types of
pronouns.
Pronoun Type Example Pronouns Sentence
Personal Pronouns I, me, she, us, you, her, they She likes animals.
possessive Pronouns mine, yours, his, hers, ours, The book is mine.
theirs
Reflexive Pronouns myself, yourself, himself, She hurt herself in the
herself, itself, oneself game.
Reciprocal Pronouns each other, one another They don’t know each
other.
Relative Pronouns that, which, who, whose, The film that we saw was
whom, where, when very amusing.
Demonstrative this, that, these, those These are my new books.
Pronouns
Interrogative Pronouns who, what, why, where, when, Where did they go?
whatever
Indefinite Pronouns anything, anybody, anyone, There is somebody in the
something, somebody, room.

Grammar Focus 2 Subcategory

Personal Pronouns
In the previous units, we learnt that pronouns are used in the place of nouns. In this
unit, we will discuss personal pronouns. Personal pronouns are usually used to refer to
people or things. Here is a table that shows which personal pronouns refer to people
and which refer to things.

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People I, you, he, she, we, they,me, you, him, her, us, them
Things it, they, them

Personal pronouns can come in the subjective case- they are the subject of the
sentence, or in the objective case- as the object in the sentence.
Subjective:
Ali is a basketball player.
He is a basketball player.
Objective
I saw Ali.
I saw him.
The table below illustrates the subjective and objective case of the personal pronouns.
Subject Pronouns Object Pronouns
I me
you you
he him
she her
it it
they them
we us

Grammar Focus 3
Time Prepositions
When telling time , we use a number of prepositions. These are:
at: a specific time
at 10:00 a.m. at 5 o’clock, at 15:00, at lunch time
We also say: at night, at midday, at dusk, at dawn
in: years, seasons, months, periods of time
in the morning, in the afternoon, in the evening
in the Spring, in the Summer, in the Winter
in 1990, in 1980, in 1945, in 1356
in January, in March
on: days and dates
on Sunday, on Monday, on Tuesday
on my birthday, on January 15th, on their anniversary

Activity 1
What can they do?
Fill in the Blanks
Instructions to student: Fill in the blanks below to complete sentences about what each
person can do.
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Activity 2
Type It
Forming Questions
Instructions to student: Based on what you learned about can, change the following
statements into questions.
e.g. Basketball players can dribble the ball.
Can basketball players dribble the ball?
1. Football players can pass the ball to each other.
2. A ballerina can spin very fast.
3. Polo players can ride horses very well.
4. Mountain climbing can be very dangerous.
5. John can swim and play basketball.

Activity 3
Making Sentences
Jumbled Words
Instructions to students: Now that you know more about can, use this knowledge to
rearrange the words below to make correct sentences.
1. Salam/ party/ come/to/ can/ the/?
2. can/ Mike/ o’clock play/ /at / golf /10 /.
3. speak/ French/ they/not/can/.
4. meet/ we/ eight/can/?/ tonight/at/ past/half
5. the/ Students/ use /Media/ can /every /Center/./ day
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Activity 4
Reading Charts
Sporting Event
Instructions to student: John, Tina, Chris and Mike are all members of the same sports
club at their school. Their club leader, Ben, wants to organize a sporting event. He
needs to know what each member can or cannot do. Can you help Ben find the
information he needs. Look at the table and choose the correct option.
John Mike Tina Chris
swimming * *
cycling * * *
jogging * *

1. John -------- swim, cycle and jog. 6. Mike ----------- swim or jog.
2. Tina ----------- swim. 7. Mike ----------- cycle.
3. Tina ----------- cycle and jog 8. John and Tina ----------- jog, but
4. Chris ----------- cycle or jog. Mike and Chris -----------.
5. Chris ----------- swim.

Activity 5
Jumbled Words
Can You Guess The Sport?
Instructions to students: Rearrange the words to form correct statements
to reveal the hidden sport.
1. In this game, use/ a/can/ ball/ you 4. In this game,
In this game, ----------- play/five/team/in/you/of/ can/ a
2. In this game, run/can/you In this game, -----------
In this game, ----------- 5. In this game,
3. In this game, shoot/ball/score/hoop/into/a/can/yo
can/kick/not/ball/the/you u/the/to
In this game ----------- 6. In this game, -----------.

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Activity 6
Type It
Cross Word Puzzle
Instructions to students: How well do you know your personal pronouns? Read the
sentences below and type the answer into the correct spaces.

3 6 5. I TRUST --------. SHE ALWAYS SAYS

THE TRUTH.
2 7 DOWN:
2. /(MARY, SAM AND BEN) ARE THE BEST
1 5 PLAYERS IN THE TEAM.
4 6. SALMA TALKS A LOT. --------IS VERY
8 TALKATIVE.
5. John goes to the Gym every day.
Across: 7. DON'T CALL ------- WHEN I AM
1. (MASON AND I) ARE BEST FRIENDS. DRIVING. I CAN'T ANSWER MY CELL
2. JOHN DIDN'T SEE -------WHEN THEY PHONE.
TOOK THE CAR. 8. MIKE SAID THAT HE DOESN'T LIKE
3. THE TEACHER TOLD ---------- TO GIVE RAIN. --------MAKES HIM UNHAPPY.
IN OUR HOMEWORK TOMORROW.
4. --------SHOULD NOT SMOKE. IT IS NOT
GOOD FOR YOUR HEALTH.

Activity 7
Drop-down Menu
Which Pronoun Should You Use?
Instructions to students: Select the correct word to fill in the blanks.
1. (John and Maria) --------- are 6. (Mary and I) ------- are happy.
athletes. They/ Them/ Their We/Us/Our
2. (Hal and you )------------- can speak 7. Did you see---------- (Sam and
English. You/ Your /We Adam) yesterday? them/they/their
3. (Sara) --------- cannot use the 8. Where did -------(the cat) hide?
internet. she/Her/Hers it/its/it’s
4. Ben does not know (Suzan) ----------- 9. (Sarah and I) are very good friends.
--. her/ she/hers We/Us/Our
5. (The car)-------- is very fast. It/ 10. (Basketball) is a team sport.
Its/Iit’s It/Its/It’s

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Activity 8
Fill in the Blanks
Missing Pronouns
Instructions to students: Type the correct pronoun in the space provided.
1. Ben phoned when you were out, Please phone -------- back as soon as possible.
2. Adam and I are going to the gym; would you like to come with ----------?
3. I am going to watch a football game, do you want to watch it with ------------?
4. I left the books in the library, can you bring ------------home ?
5. The letters are at the post office. I will go and get -----------.
6. Salim and Hani are doing their workout. -----------will not finish before 2 o’clock.
7. Harry needs help with his assignment. ------------ is waiting for you to help-----------
---.
8. Have you seen my bag? I think I put ----------in the locker.
9. The basket ball team is working very hard to win this game. -----------are training
every day.
10. My sister loves swimming. ----------is always going to the swimming pool.

Activity 9
Circle It
Find the Error
Instructions to students: Each of the following sentences has one error. Read the
sentences, then click on the word you think is wrong. If you are right, the sentence will
appear with the right answer.

1. I met they in the class yesterday. 5. Basketball players can jumping very
2. John can eats five pizzas every day. high.
3. The meeting is at the morning. 6. Ali knows she from a long time ago.
4. We can to meet tomorrow.

Activity 10
Type It
What is the Preposition?
Instructions to students: Type the correct prepositions in the space provided. If no
preposition is required, type 0 into the spaced provided
1. ---------- January 6. ---------the evening 10. ---------------
2. ----------- Sunday 7. -------------the yesterday
3. ------- quarter past summer 11. ------------------
two 8. --------------1995 tonight
4. ----------------night 9. ------------------July 12. ------------ 1576
5. -------------------dusk

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Activity 11
Prepositions
On Time!
Instructions to student: Look at the timetable and write the correct preposition in
brackets to the space provided.

Event Day Start Time Finish Time Venue

Athletics Sunday 11:00 14:00 Field 1
Cycling Sunday 8:00 12:00 Track 1
Swimming Monday 15:00 17:00 Pool
Basketball Monday 15:00 16:00 Court 1
Table Tuesday 10:00 13:00 Gymnasium
Tennis
Volley ball Wednesday 9:00 16:00 Court1
Boxing Wednesday 11:00 13:30 Ring1

1. The cycling event is ----------- Sunday.

2. The Blue and Orange Teams are competing ----------- Wednesday.
3. The volleyball match starts -------- the morning.
4. Table tennis starts ----------- 10:00
5. The boxing event finishes ----------- 1:30.
6. The volleyball event is ----------- 9:00 ----------- 4:00.
7. The cycling event finishes ----------- midday.
8. Basketball and Volleyball finish ---------4:00.
9. The swimming event runs ----------- two hours.
10. Many sporting events finish ----------- the afternoon.

Listening

Activity 1
Multiple Choice
Nancy’s Fitness Club in Amman
Instructions to students: Listen to the following commercial advertisement for Nancy’s
Fitness Club in Amman, a new health club that has opened in town, then answer the
multiple choice questions that follow.

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Do you want to lose weight quickly? Are you tired of all that fat? Then come to Nancy’s
Fitness Club and we will be happy to help you. Nancy’s Fitness Club is the hottest health
club in town. It is where you can come and experience the best physical training in the
country. Our trained personnel are among the top trainers in the business. They will
help and guide you in specifically designed programs to lose those extra pounds. Our
state of the art equipment and facilities are sure to energize and help you sculpt and
tone your body. If you hate to work alone, you can always join one of our classes, you
are sure to find something to suit you. We offer aerobics, dance, kickboxing, karate and
yoga classes, among many more. Join today and start feeling better about yourself and
- most importantly - your health!

Visit our website at www.Nancysfitness.com to find out more information about our
services and offers. You can also call us at 344-Fitness for reservations and inquiries.
We will look forward to your call.
1. This listening piece is a/an-----------. 4. One of these classes is not
a. conversation mentioned in the commercial
b. interview a. Dance
c. commercial b. Judo
2. The commercial is for a---------------. c. Kickboxing
a. restaurant 5. According to the commercial, how
b. dance club can you make reservations?
c. health club a. through their website
3. According to the commercial, the b. personal visit
trainers in the club are c. telephone call
a. good trainers 6. The website offers information on
b. very good trainers a. reservations and offers
c. the best trainers b. services and offers
c. offers and inquiries
Activity 2
Multiple Choice
Making Arrangements
Instructions to students: Fatima is calling Nancy’s Fitness Club to book a squash court.
Listen carefully to the phone conversation between Fatima and the receptionist and
answer the multiple choice questions that follow.
Receptionist: Nancy’s Fitness Club in Amman, How may I help you?
Fatima: Yes, Hi, I would like make arrangements to book the squash court, please.
Receptionist: And when would you like to make that booking?
Fatima: Is Wednesday at 10 open?
Receptionist: No, sorry, Wednesday is fully booked.
Fatima: How about Thursday then at the same time?

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Receptionist: Let me see,,,,, We have only one open court on Thursday at 2. Is that
convenient?
Fatima: Oh, no. I cannot make it at that time.
Receptionist: We are free on Friday at ten, is that good for you?
Fatima: Yes, Friday at 10 is fine.
Receptionist: Very well then, can you give me your name and number please?
Fatima: John Adams. 26755432, and I will be using the court for 2 hours.
Receptionist: Okay, so booking for Mr. Adams for Friday at 10 for 2 hours, see you
Friday.
Thanks for calling Nancy’s Fitness Club in Amman.
Fatima: Thank you, bye

1. The place Fatima called is a: c. Wednesday and Thursday

a. Fitness Club 4. John wants to book the court for:
b. Dentist Office a. 1 hour
c. Public Library b. 2 hours
2. John has made the booking to c. 3 hours
play: 5. The time that suits John is at:
a. Tennis a. Two o’clock
b. Football b. Ten o’clock
c. Squash c. One o’clock
3. The dates the receptionist offers 6. The receptionist is:
John are on: a. helpful
a. Sunday and Monday b. rude
b. Friday and Thursday c. not interested

Activity 3
Multiple Choice
Missing Information!
Instructions to Students: In the following conversations, different people are trying to
make arrangements; however, some lines of the conversations are missing. Listen to
the conversations and select the most appropriate sentence in each case.

1. Reham: Hi, John, Are you free this Sally: --------------------------------------

Friday? -
Angelina:------------------------------ - a. Yes, I would love to!
a. No, I am free. b. I am not meeting friends.
b. No, sorry, I have plans this weekend. c. Do we go out?
c. No, I can’t. 3. Omniat: Why don’t we watch the
2. Maria: Would you like to go out football game?
tonight? Sarah:---------------------------------------
--
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a. Sounds like a good idea. a. Can you play football with the team
b. We don’t know. tomorrow?
c. I am not busy. b. Do you like football?
4. Hanan:------------------------------------- c. What are you doing tomorrow?
Sherry: No, I can’t. I have other plans.
Pronunciation

Pronunciation Focus

Consonant Sounds
In this unit, we will look at, and practice consonant sounds. Most of the consonant
sound symbols in English look the same as the letters they represent. Look at the
examples below:
t: /t/ p: /p/ l: /l/ m:/m/
There are, however, some consonant sounds that have different symbols. These are:

Consonant Symbol Consonant Symbol Consonant Symbol

watch /tʃ/ then /ð/ vision /ʒ/
wash /ʃ/ young /j/ sing /ŋ/
think /θ/ judge /dʒ/

Activity 1
Select the Word
Odd One Out
Instructions to students: Select the word that does not share the same sound with the
other words.
1. mash- fashion- match 4. jam-June- leisure 7. yes-yell-why
2. thin-through- than 5. though- their- thought 8. this-that-thin
3. television-pleasure-jug 6. wing-sting-hinge

Activity 2
Circle It
Words with the Same Sound
Instructions to students: Circle the words that have the same sound as the symbol.

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1. Symbol: /ð/
Words: them, though, thought, thumb, although, bath, mother, father, feather, faith

2. Symbol: /θ/
Words: thing, thumb, this, bathe, breath, thorn, thick, bother, they, then, weight,
throw,
3. Symbol: /j/
Words: yet, white, yellow, where, yell, yen, while, wet, yolk, wait,

4. Symbol: / dʒ/
words: jam, fang, page, pleasure, measure, juggle, jug, , big, giraffe
5. Symbol : /ʒ/
Words: badge, visual, joy, treasure, passage, closure, television, displeasure,
6. Symbol:/ tʃ/
Words: chop, shrimp, champion, change, shoot, touch, show, chin, chest, punish
7. Symbol: /ʃ/
Words: mash, push, much, sugar, switch, swatch, shape, mash, sheet, teach
Activity 3
Write It!
What is the Word?
Instructions to students: Using your IPA knowledge, try to read the following words
and then type them in plain English.
/ tʃin/----- / ʃu:/------ / θiŋ/------ /jen/------- / dʒa:/-----
/ ʃi: /------ / tʃi:t/----- / ðis/------- / dʒulai/--- /dʒʌg/-----
Activity 4
Write It
Which Symbol
Instructions to students: Write the word the matching sound. Once you have listened
to a sound, look for the word that has the same sound in it, then write that word to the
space beside the matching symbol.
through, throw, health, month shake, shift, shoes, show jail, job, badge, budget
yawn, yesterday, yolk, yes cheese, chill, chicken feather, further, together, them
Symbol Words
/θ/
/ʃ/
/dʒ/
/j/
/tʃ/
/ð/

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Speaking
Activity 1
Offline Activity
Ice Breaker

yoga hockey pole vaulting ski jumping

Instructions to students:
1. Form teams of three.
2. With your teammates, work on forming proper sentences to discuss the above
mentioned sports. You may have different sentences, but work on the sentence
structure together.
3. Check with your classmates to correct your sentences.
4. You may use the following questions to help you.

1. How many of these activities do you know?

2. Are these all competition sports?
3. Do you play any of these sports?
4. Would you like to play any of these activities?
5. Is your favorite activity among one of these?
6. What is your favorite sport?

Activity 2
Team Work
Guess the Opponent’s Sport
Instructions to students: Your job is to guess the game your classmates are thinking
of.
1. Form teams of three, prepare questions to ask your classmates about their hidden
sport.
2. Think of questions the other teams may ask you and prepare answers to these
questions
3. Each member will be responsible for asking and answering a question.
4. Choose one opposing team and ask them questions about their sport. If you guess
their sport you score a point. Once you do that, it is the other team’s job to try and
guess the sport your team has selected.
5. The team that guesses the most sports wins the game.

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Writing

Activity 1
Favorite Sport!
Instructions to student:
1. Write a short paragraph about your favorite sport.
2. Do your assignment in MS word.
3. Check it and correct any mistakes.
4. You will receive instructions in class about how to submit the assignment.
Here are some ideas :
-How long have you liked this sport?
-How safe or dangerous is this sport?
-Some rules and regulations of the sport.
-Famous people who play this sport.

Activity 2
Write It
Health Club Application Form
Instructions to students: To get in shape, you have decided to join Nancy’s Fitness Club
in Amman. To do this, just fill in the application form below. You will receive instructions
in class about how to submit this assignment.
Nancy’s Fitness Club in Amman
Application Form

Personal Information
Full name (Mr. Mrs. Ms. Miss)________________________________
________________________________________________________
Address__________________________________________________
Telephone number___________________________________________
Date of Birth________________________________________________
Male___________ Female___________________
Club Related Information
Interests: Please indicate your preference by providing an (X)
Dance ___ Yoga___ Aerobics ____ Kickboxing___Weight lifting ____ Karate____ Type
of membership: weekly___ monthly___ yearly_____

Personal trainer required________ Nutritionist required ________

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Acknowledgement

The authors are grateful for this opportunity to acknowledge the valuable
contributions of the English instructors at Al Balqa Applied University's
Electronic Academy, located in As Salt, Jordan, who, in spite of their heavy
course loads, very generously contributed their time, their energy and their
constructive insights to assist us in improving the electronic course content
for the Elementary, Pre-Intermediate and Intermediate English blended
learning courses. In alphabetical order, they are: Adnan Abumafouz,
Bassem Al-Saydeeh, Rasha Darwish, Atika Ismael and last but certainly not
least, Tamador Snubar. We offer our most sincere appreciation to each and
every one of these instructors for their support.

© Investment World for Development and Technology

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" Habits are safer than the rules: you don’t have to watch them.
And you don’t have to keep them either. Thy keep you."

Frank Crane

Learning Objectives
1. Identify the simple present tense verb form.

2. Form positive sentences using the simple present tense.

3. Form negative sentences using the simple present tense.

4. Form yes/no questions using the simple present tense.

5. Form WH- questions using the simple present tense.

6. Identify adverbs of frequency.

7. Use adverbs of frequency in sentences.

8. Identify Voiced and voiceless sounds.

9. Form sentences using vocabulary from the word list.

10. Write short paragraphs based on pictures.

Word List

alleviate: to make problems or suffering less transactions

average: usual and like the most common type sheds
circulation: the movement of blood around your body flakes
consumes: to use something such as a product, energy, saliva
or fuel
creation: something that someone has made strands
distance: the length of the space between two places or blink
things
eliminate: to remove something from something, or get client
rid of something
emotional: related to feelings and emotions process
estimated: to guess the cost, size, value, etc of something muscles

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function: to have a particular purpose frown

herbal: a type of plant whose leaves are used in district
cooking to give flavor
kidneys: one of the two organs in your body which appointments
remove waste from the blood
maintain: to make a situation or activity continue in the stressful
same way
motivate: to make someone enthusiastic about doing demanding
something
mount: to increase in amount or level sound
perform: to do an action or piece of work. profitable
priorities something that is very important and that recommendation
must be dealt with before other things
reduce: to make something less venture
spiritual: relating to deep feelings and beliefs, especially occupations
religious beliefs
staff: the people who work for an organization tread mill

" Habits are safer than the rules: you don’t have to watch them.
And you don’t have to keep them either. Thy keep you."

Frank Crane

Vocabulary
Activity 1
Word Search
Daily Activities
Instructions to students: Search for the following verbs in the word search puzzle
below. All the verbs are in the infinitive form. Before you look for them in the word
search puzzle, change them into the simple present tense. Once you find them, write
them into the space beside the puzzle.

A
B S R S
J M E W
Y O
E H
X S J C
E R S R E
I S H Z
E S
E Q
B V K
Z M F D
P N
B P G
O F H
E O J V
C W S Y S
P V
R V
D X G R
L H E X
T S U
V P B
J Y E W
O W
H O K
V V
T T
S E A
I W
S K C
I Q E H
X K C S W
J RJ N
W I
X Q
U
B V Y
D J R
S D X U S E O
I V S D
U A Z H
T N I
T S

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W A T C H E S D S Z S J J R
X S L E E P S Q T U H S Y D
P V B R G V M W A K E S U P
C A T C H E S H E C S C T J
BRUSH – CATCH – CHECK – DOE – DRINK – DRIVE – EAT - EXERCISE - GET UP – READ –
SHOWERS– SLEEP - WAKE UP - WASH - WATCH

Activity 2
Write It
Daily Activities
Instructions to students: All the missing words are part of our daily activities. Read the
clues and write the words.
1. This is your first meal of the day.
2. He wants to work, he is looking for a ------------.
3. You can have a break to eat ----------- in the middle of the day.
4. People listen to this when going or coming back from work.
5. You need this to pay for things.
6. A phone you take with you.
7. These are the things you buy like food and cleaning product.
8. This is the last meal of the day.
9. This is where you keep your online letters.
10. Has the same sound as "ted".
11. When you finish your home work, you can watch this
12. Students go to school by car or --------------.
13. Most people ----------with friends on the internet.
14. This is the last meal of the day.
15. You send text -------------------- to your friends.

Activity 3
Forming Compound Nouns
Match the Words
Instructions to students: Match the words to form compound nouns. The words you
form will be expressions you use in everyday life. Note: Some words may be used
more than once.
hair- tooth- car- home- email- home- text- cell- night- alarm- life-
work
brush
brush
keys
keys
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messages
work
messages
phone
time
clock
style
hours

Activity 4
Spidergram
Instructions to student: Now is your turn to create your own spidergram. Choose a
general word and use your knowledge to create one.. Your instructor will provide you
with instructions about how to submit the assignment.

Reading

Activity 1
Multiple Choice
Amazing Facts
Instructions to student: Read the article below and learn some interesting facts about
the work our bodies do in one day. Read the text and then answer the questions that
follow.
Most of us go about our daily lives without thinking about the enormous role our
bodies play in our every day actions. We only think of our bodies when we are sick or
when something goes wrong. There are, however, some facts about the human body
that are simply amazing. For instance, as we wake up and go to work or school, our
body carries out spectacular work. In one day, our body consumes over 40 kilograms
of oxygen. Twenty percent of that is consumed by our brain. In addition that, our
skin sheds about 10 billion skin flakes, our mouth makes about 1.5 liters of saliva and
we lose about 40-100 hair strands of hair.

Our brain controls a lot of this by sending messages to the rest of our body at the
speed of 384 kilometers an hour. Our heart pumps 100,000 times each day. Our
blood’s daily circulation covers the distance of 96.540 kilometers, and our kidneys
process the equivalent of 1520 liters of blood every day. Even the simple functions of
smiling, standing and stepping require a lot of muscle work. When we smile, we use
about 17 muscles and when we frown we use over 40. When we walk, each step we
take uses 200 muscles. That is a lot of work, if we consider the average amount of
walking we do. On average, we walk about 10,000 steps a day. So next time you

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want to do something, take a moment and think of the amazing creation that you call
your body.
1. The main idea of this text is:
- the human body.
- the amazing way the human body functions.
- the difficulty in understanding the human body.
2. According to the text:
- these functions happen during the day only.
- these functions happen during the night only.
- there is not a specific time set as to when these functions happen.
3. On average, humans walk:
- 1,000 steps a day.
- 100,000 steps a day.
- 10,000 steps a day.
4. According to the text, the brain:
- does not need oxygen to function.
- consumes a significant amount of oxygen.
- uses a very little amount of oxygen.
5. We understand from the last paragraph that:
- muscles play a small role in smiling, frowning, and walking.
- muscles play a huge role in smiling, frowning, and walking.
- muscles are not important at all when it comes to smiling, frowning and
walking.
6. It takes:
- more muscles to smile.
- more muscles to frown.
- the same amount of muscles to smile and frown.

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Activity 2
Write It
Body Parts
Instructions to students: Write the name of the body part in the space provided beside
the picture.

Activity 3
Write It
Anagrams
Instructions to student: Read the definitions and rearrange the letters to form the
matching words. Write the words in the column to the right.

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caloric Unit the movement of blood through your

body
kind Yes one of the two organs in your body
which remove waste from the blood
a rice not something that someone has made
dance sit the length of the space between two
places or things
comes sun to use something, such as a product,
energy, or fuel
cost fun In to have a particular purpose
media test to guess the cost, size, value, etc of
something
gave are usual and like the most common type

Activity 4
Multiple Choice
John Brown’s Lifestyle
Instructions to students: Read the story below and answer the multiple choice
questions that follow.
John Brown is a very successful financial consultant. He works in the financial
district of London. His line of work is very demanding, and this makes John’s life
quite stressful – but it is financially rewarding. He gathers and analyzes financial
information. It also includes making sound and profitable recommendations to his
clients regarding their financial ventures. John’s clients come from different types of
organizations all over the world. They include banks and private companies.

His schedule is busy. His typical day starts at 5 o’clock in the morning when he gets
up and does his morning jog on the treadmill while watching the financial news
channel. After that, he showers and drives his car to his office. Once he gets there,
he drinks his regular cup of coffee and joins his staff in the morning meeting. That
meeting takes about an hour and a half. It usually covers the previous day’s
transactions and the day’s scheduled meetings and appointments with investors and
clients. He then starts his daily appointments with his clients. These meetings occupy
the largest part of his day. He only takes a short break to have his lunch. Once he
finishes his meetings, John reads the financial reports prepared by his staff and
makes a number of phone calls to follow up on these reports. Most of his
recommendations have made his clients very rich and they always ask for his advice.

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John doesn’t get home before 11 every night, so he doesn’t have a personal life. His
job pays very well, and he owns three houses, five cars and a jet plane, but John is
not happy. He feels stressed out and lonely. Recently, he has been feeling the effects
of this stressful life style. His doctor wants him to relax and take some vacation time
and John is seriously thinking of changing his career. He wants to quit his job and
buy a bed and breakfast by a lake. He wants to be able to enjoy nature and meet
new people. Do you think John should quit or should he just take some time off?

1. What does John Brown do?

a. He is stressed.
b. He is rich.
c. He is a financial consultant.
2. John Brown meets with his staff to:
a. drink coffee.
b. discuss business related matters.
c. discuss stressful life.

3. Most of John’s recommendations have:

a. made his clients rich.
b. been unsound and unprofitable.
c. made him lonely.
4. We know that John’s job pays very well because:
a. he works long hours.
b. he owns houses, cars and a plane.
c. he is sad and stressed out
5. What does John want to do?
a. He wants to find another doctor.
b. He wants to quit his job.
c. He wants to make more money.

Activity 5
True or False?
Stress and Daily Life
Instructions to students: After reading the text on below, answer the questions that
follow.

The fast pace of today’s life puts pressure on most people. This pressure, when
reasonable, is a good thing. It motivates us to work and improves our performance,
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but when this pressure becomes too much, we suffer stress. Stress affects our bodies
on different levels. It affects us physically, emotionally, mentally, socially and
spiritually.
There are certain simple things we can do to reduce stress in our lives. For example,
changing one’s diet actually reduces stress, herbal teas and drinks such as
chamomile and peppermint have a calming effect on our bodies. Developing and
maintaining good sleeping habits is also very important in alleviating stress. In
addition to food and sleep, exercises such as yoga and stretching play a very
important role in alleviating stress. Most of all, it’s important to think positively.
Thinking about and organizing one’s priorities, having someone to talk to, and taking
time to relax are also important factors in reducing stress. If all these methods fail,
and stress continues to mount, it is important to see a doctor, who will be able to
provide stressed people with proper medication and guidance to reduce and,
hopefully, eliminate stress.

1. Stress motivates us to work better.

True
False
2. Stress is not reduced if we change our diets.
True
False
3. Chamomile and Peppermint make us feel more relaxed and less tense.
True
False
4. According to the text, stress affects us only mentally and spiritually.
True
False
5. We should see a doctor if we are unsuccessful at alleviating stress using the
approaches mentioned in the text.
True
False

Activity 6
Write It
Guess the Word
Instructions to students: Read the following clues and guess the correct word from the
Word List. Write the word beside the clue.
1. to make problems or suffering less
2. to make a situation or activity continue in the same way
3. to make something less
4. to make someone enthusiastic about doing something
5. to remove something from something, or get rid of something
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6. to increase in amount or level

7. relating to deep feelings and beliefs, especially religious beliefs
8. related to feelings and emotions
Grammar
Grammar focus 1
Simple Present Tense
The simple present tense is one of the most commonly used tenses in English. In the following tables,
you will see the different forms of the simple present tense.

Positive Sentences in the Simple Present Tense

Iyou drink
we
they

milk
He drinks
She
It

Negative Sentences using “can”

Subject Short form Long form Main verb

I don’t do not drink milk

you
we
they
He doesn’t does not drink milk
She
it

Questions in the Simple Present Tense

Do I drink milk?
you
we
they
he drink milk?
Does she drink milk?
it drink milk?

Short Answers in the Simple Present Tense

Do I drink milk? Yes, I do.
No, I do not.
No, I don’t.
Yes, they do.
Do they drink milk? No, they do not.
No, they don’t.
Yes, we do.

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Do we drink milk? No, we do not.

No, we don’t.
Yes, you do.
Do you drink milk? No, you do not.
No, you don’t.
Yes, he does.
Does he drink milk? No, he does not.
No, he doesn’t.
Yes, she does.
Does she drink milk? No, she does not.
No, she doesn’t.
Yes, it does.
Does it drink milk? No, it does not.
No, it doesn’t.
Wh- Questions in the Simple Present Tense
When they play football?
Where do we play football?
Why you play football?
I play football?
When does he play football?
Where she play football?
Why it play with the ball?
In the third person singular, “he, she, it” we add -s or –es to the verb. This is determined by the
following rules:
verbs ending with -s, -sh, -ch, -x, -o, -z we add -es watches, mixes, washes,
misses, goes
verbs ends with a consonant + -y we drop the -y and add -ies studies, tries
verb ending with a vowel (a, e, i, o, u) + -y we only add -s to the end of plays, says
the verb
other verbs we add –s eats, wants, helps
Use of the Simple Present Tense
We use the simple present tense to describe:
-regular events such as habits, daily activities, hobbies
Sam does his homework every night.
I wake up at 6 every morning.
The plane leaves to London every Monday.
- facts
Cows produce milk.
They speak Arabic in Egypt.
Boys like cars.
- feelings and emotions with non-continuous verbs
He loves his wife.
Students like holidays.
Grammar focus 2
Adverbs
Adverbs are mainly used to describe verbs, adjectives, other adverbs or entire sentences. Here is a table
of the different types of adverbs.
Adverbs Examples
adverbs of manner quietly, quickly
adverbs of place and direction downstairs, backward
adverbs of time later, afterwards
adverbs of degree very, almost
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adverbs of frequency never, always

Adverbs of Frequency
We use adverbs of frequency to indicate the number of times things happen.
The adverbs of frequency are usually placed in one of the following positions in a sentence:
 before the main verb

Salma rarely goes to the cinema.

 between the auxiliary verb and the main verb
Mat doesn’t always do his homework.
 after the verb to be
She is never late for her lectures.
So what are the adverbs of frequency? Here is a table that shows the most common adverbs of
frequency.

always Mary is always late.

usually Mary is usually late
often Mary is often late
sometimes Mary is sometimes late
seldom/ rarely Mary is seldom late
never Mary is never late

Activity 1
Find the Missing Verb
Fill in the Blank
Instructions to student: Each sentence is missing a verb. Fill in the blank with each
verb to the space in which it belongs to complete the sentences.
travels-eats-starts- chats - buy- closes- meet- ride
1. The lecture --------------- at nine o’clock.
2. She -------------- a sandwich for lunch every day.
3. Mike ---------------- to London once a year.
4. Sarah ----------- with her friends every night.
5. We --------------- the bus to work.
6. Mike and Sarah ------------------their food from the same supermarket.
7. The bank -----------at four o’clock.
8. They always -------------------- at the Media Center to study .

Activity 2
Write It
Is that a fact?
Instructions to student: Look at the sentences below and change the statements into
yes/no questions.
e.g. Water boils at a 100 degrees centigrade.
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Does water boil at 100 degrees centigrade?

1. Children grow very fast.

2. Giraffes live in Africa.
3. Lions eat meat.
4. Innocent people die in war.
5. Spiders catch insects.
6. Traffic lights organize traffic movement.

Activity 3
Forming Sentences
Jumbled Word Game
Instructions to students: Rearrange the words to form correct sentences.
1. dance/ well/ they/ don’t/ very
2. coffee/ morning/ you/ do/in/ drink/the?
3. work/ not/ bank/ any/ does/ Adam/ the/in/ more.
4. Jack / every / bakes/ Saturday/ cake/ a .
5. find /the/ Students/ /internet/ use/ information/to

Activity 4
Write It
Using Verbs
Instructions to student: The following text is about John and Tim. Read the text and
write the verbs into their correct place in the text.
lives- do- think-is- are- does not- exercises-likes- consists-has- includes-
watches- eats- is- eats- doesn’t do- wish- are- sits
John and Tim_______________ twins, but they are very different. John
only________healthy food and ____________________ all the time.
He__________________ fruits and vegetables and _____________________ eat
any junk food. He always______________________ breakfast at the same time
every morning. His breakfast _________________of oatmeal, skimmed milk and
orange juice. His exercise program_____________________jogging in the
morning, and playing soccer in the afternoon.
Tim on the other hand _________________ very lazy. He ____________ all
kinds of junk food and ______________ any kind of exercise. He usually

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_________ at home and ___________________TV most of the time. His

eating habits _______________very bad and unhealthy.
Their parents _______________ that John’s life style ___________ much
better than Tim’s and they___________-that Tim would exercise and eat
healthier. Who_______________you think____________a healthier life, Tim
or John?

Activity 5
Write It
What is it?
Instructions to students: Type the correct form of the verb in the sentences
below. If you use all the verbs in the sentences correctly, you will be able to view
the picture of the object that the sentences are about.

1. It --------- a type of food. “ to be”

2. You --------- it for lunch or dinner. “ to have”
3. You --------- it cooked. “ to eat”
4. Most people --------- to have it warm. “ to like”
5. It --------- of many types of food. “ to consist”
6. Sometimes it has vegetables and sometimes it ---------. “to do”
What is it?

Activity 6
Write It
Cross Word Puzzle
Instructions to students: How well do you know your adverbs of frequency? Look at
the clues below and type the correct adverbs into the spaces provided in the crossword
puzzle.
1 2

3 4

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ACROSS
3. It is ------------------- cold in the winter.
5. Dogs ------------------- eat fruits.
6. We ------------ make adverbs by adding –ly.
DOWN
1. means the same as seldom.
2. has the same sound as oven.
4. I -------------- miss my lunch, but not always.

Activity 7
Write It
Adverbs A to Z!
Instructions to students: Rearrange these adverbs alphabetically.
never -often - always - ever - sometimes - usually - generally - normally -
constantly - rarely - regularly - frequently - repeatedly - routinely -
occasionally - almost never – seldom

Activity 8
Write It
Jumble Word Game
Instructions to students: Rearrange the words to make correct sentences .
1. have/ they/ sometimes/ dinner/ fish/ for
2. submits/ always/ assignments/ time/ Mark/ on/his
3. Sami/ games/ computer/ plays/ often.
4. English/ Our/ is/ teacher/ late/ never
5. never/ I /coffee/ drink.

Activity 9
Circle It
Find the Error
Instructions to students: Each of the following sentences contains one mistake. Read
the sentences, then circle the word you think is wrong.
1. When do she come back from work?
2. John drinks soda all the time.
3. The meeting don’t start at 2 0o’clock.
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4. We can to meet tomorrow.

5. My brother like not his work.
6. They knows the answer to all the questions.

Listening

Activity 1
Multiple Choice
Daily Commute
Instructions to students: Listen to Rasha as she talks about her daily commute to
university. Rasha does not have a car, so she takes the bus to university. Read her
story below and answer the questions that follow.
Going to university everyday is such a problem. It just ruins my day. Not only do I have
to wake up early, I also have to walk quite a bit to get to the bus stop. There, I have to
wait until I can get on the right bus. This is sometimes very difficult -- especially if there
are a lot of people waiting and if there is a long line ahead of me. The bus I use is also
used by many other students who go to the university, and they all live closer to the
bus stop than I. This is one of the main reasons why I schedule my lectures late in the
day. I have no chance of getting an early ride to the university and I would not want to
be late for my lectures. Imagine starting everyday like this, wouldn’t that stress you
out? Worse still, the buses do not have a regular schedule and as such, we never know
when a bus will arrive, so sometimes I wait for more than half an hour before a bus
arrives. This really gets to me! Why don’t they regulate the transportation system and
make my life and that of other commuters easier? I can’t wait to graduate and start
working to save up and buy my own car. Oh, that would be wonderful!
1. Rasha enjoys her morning walk to the bus stop.
True
False
2. It is easy for Rasha to get on the bus.
True
False
3. Rasha schedules her lectures late because he loves to sleep in.
True
False
4. The transport system is regulated in Rasha’s country.
True
False
5. Buses come and go without any schedule.
True
False

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6. Rasha can’t wait to get her own car.

True
False
7. Rasha’s morning commute stresses her out and makes her feel
uncomfortable.
True
False
8. Rasha does not mention the name of her university.
True
False

Activity 2
Multiple Choice
Daily Life Stories
Instructions to student: Listen to Sarah as she tells her friend about what happened to
her while she was at the bus stop. Then answer the questions that follow.
Sarah: You won’t believe what happened to me today at the bus stop!
Maya: What happened? Come on, tell me!
Sarah: I was standing in line, minding my own business, and I had this long line of
people waiting in front of me,…
Maya: Yes, so?
Sarah: This guy came and grabbed my bag and ran with it! Imagine my fear and
surprise. I didn’t know what to do, all I could think of was that my bag had all my
papers, my ipod, my cell phone and I started screaming, thief thief!
Maya: Oh my god! Are you serious?
Sarah: Yes, I am! Do you think I joke about things like that?
Maya: No, of course not, I am sorry. So did any one catch him?
Sarah: Yes, thankfully! A couple of men were standing ahead of me in the line and ran
after him and caught him. They gave me my bag back and they called the police.
Maya: What did the police do?
Sarah: They came and took the thief and took my phone number and asked me to go
and press charges.
Maya: Will you?
Sarah: Yes, I will. He should be punished. Don’t you think?
Maya: Yes, of course, the important thing is that you are ok and safe.
Sarah: Yes, thank god! Anyway, let’s go before our instructor gets into class, or we will
be in a different kind of trouble!
1. Sarah is :
a. a student.
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b. an instructor.
c. an officer.
2. Sarah was waiting in the ---------------- when she got robbed.
a. supermarket
b. bus stop
c. university cafeteria
3. What did Sarah do when she was robbed?
a. She got on the bus.
b. She called for help.
c. She didn’t do anything.

4. Sarah did not mention one of these items as being in her bag:
a. papers.
b. car keys
c. cell phone
5. ------------------------------ caught the thief.
a. Two men
b. One man
c. A police officer
6. Who called the police?
a. Sarah
b. the two men
c. the bus driver
7. Sarah wants to finish talking with her friend because:
a. she hates talking about what happened.
b. she doesn’t want to be late for class.
c. she wants to drink her coffee.

Activity 3
True or False?
Interesting Jobs
Instructions to Students: Listen to Maria as she discusses her job and answer the
questions that follow.
My name is Maria, and I have a very interesting job. Most people I meet ask me how I
got this job. Well, it’s simple, I saw a job placement advertisement and I applied. So, do
you want to know what my job is?
My delicious and very irresistible job is to taste ice-cream flavors and give them names.
Yes, that’s what I do every day. I wake up every day and go to work at 9 o’clock. Once
I get there, I start to try out and taste all types of ice-cream. You see, my company is
the kind of company that offers other clients and investors names for their products, so
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some of the people at my company think of names for toys, others for lipstick and so
on. My job, as I said, is to taste ice-cream and come up with names. So when you
come across a tub of ice- cream with a name like “Choco Loco” and “Va voom Vanilla”,
these would be names that I thought of, and suggested to my clients. Thankfully, most
of my clients love the names I suggest to them and they are always looking forward to
my new names. I am very fond of my job. We all work as a team, the manager is very
friendly -- and I love eating Ice-cream!
1. Maria’s job is to make Ice-cream.
True
False

2. Maria got the job because she knew somebody in the company.
True
False
3. The company helps other clients find product names.
True
False
4. Maria likes her job.
True
False
5. Maria describes her job as interesting and delicious.
True
False
6. Other people in Maria’s company are responsible for other product names.
True
False

Pronunciation

Activity 1
Circle It
Odd One Out
Circle the word that does not share the same – s sound.
1. puts-puffs-does
2. weighs- plays- dresses
3. grins-keeps-weeps
4. judges-watches- cries
5. tries- causes- stays
6. hinges-mixes-bends
7. laughs-stops-pays
8. heads-ends-pats
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Activity 2
Write It
Match the Words with the Symbols
Instructions to students: Write the matching symbols beside each of the words below.

/z/, /s/, / iz/

Decides ____ shoots_____ belongs____ hears____ returns_____ treats____ goes____
stops___ bleeds____ brings____ answers____ reads____ picks____ practices____
switches_____ dries_____ freezes ____ makes___ pleases____ releases___ wishes___
eats____ huffs____ shops____bakes____ cooks____ walks____ chases____
dozes___loses___

Activity 3
Write It
What is the word?
Instructions to students: Using your IPA knowledge, try to read the following words
and then type them in plain English.
1. / wi:ps/-------------
2. / bidz /----------------
3. / sits/-----------------
4. / staiz/-----------------
5. / θinx/-----------------
6. / m iz/--------------------
7. /mat iz/----------------------
8. / d z/------------
9. / ku:lz/-----------
10. /dʒ dʒiz/------------

Speaking
Ice Breaker
Offline Activity
Activity 1
Hobbies !
Instructions to students: Your instructor will ask you questions about your hobby. Here
are some questions you can use to help you understand and participate in the class
conversation.
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1. What is a hobby?
2. Do you have a hobby of your own?
3. Does your hobby require special equipment?
4. Is your hobby important in your life?
5. Do you share this hobby with any of your friends?
6. Would you like to try a new hobby?

Activity 2
Offline Activity
Guess the Hobby
Instructions to students: Your job is to guess the hobby your classmates are thinking
of. In teams of three, prepare questions to ask your classmates about their hobby.
Choose one opposing team and ask them. If you guess their hobby, you score a point.
Once you do that, it is the other team’s job to try and guess yours.

Writing

Activity 1
Offline Activity
Use Your Imagination
Instructions to student: Select an image of a person and write a short paragraph about
the person in that picture. Give him/ her a name, a job and describe his/ her daily
activities. Remember to use the simple present tense. Your instructor will provide
you with instructions about how to submit the assignment.

Activity 2
Offline Activity
Your Daily Schedule
Instructions to students: It is your turn to write about your daily schedule. Write a
paragraph describing a typical day in your life. Once you have finished, hand it to the
student next to you and ask him or her to read and correct it. Your instructor will
provide you with instructions about how to submit the assignment.

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Acknowledgement

The authors are grateful for this opportunity to acknowledge the valuable
contributions of the English instructors at Al Balqa Applied University's
Electronic Academy, located in As Salt, Jordan, who, in spite of their heavy
course loads, very generously contributed their time, their energy and their
constructive insights to assist us in improving the electronic course content
for the Elementary, Pre-Intermediate and Intermediate English blended
learning courses. In alphabetical order, they are: Adnan Abumafouz,
Bassem Al-Saydeeh, Rasha Darwish, Atika Ismael and last but certainly not
least, Tamador Snubar. We offer our most sincere appreciation to each and
every one of these instructors for their support.

© Investment World for Development and Technology

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Learning Objectives
1. Identify the simple past tense verb form.
2. Form positive sentences using the simple past tense.
3. Form negative sentences using the simple past tense.
4. Form yes/no questions using the simple past tense.
5. Form WH- questions using the simple past tense.
6. Identify preposition using the simple past tense.
7. Use the possessive –s correctly.
8. use prepositions of movement in sentences.
9. Form sentences using vocabulary from the word list.
10. Identify the different pronunciations of the –ed ending in the simple
past tense.
11. Participate in discussions in which you express your opinion.
12. Write short paragraphs describing objects and inventations.
13. Identify the different sounds of the simple past ending.

" Just because something doesn’t do what you planned it to do

doesn’t mean it useless"

Thomas A. Edison

Word List
apprentice: a person who is learning a job by working for carve
someone who already has skills and experience
blueprint: a plan that shows how someone will design, dye
build, or achieve something

civilization: the culture and way of life of a society at a durable

particular period of time

copyright: the legal right to control the use of an original cultivate

piece of work such as a book, play, or song
contraption: a machine or object that looks strange or leap
complicated
decorated: to put paint or paper on the walls or other procedures
surfaces of a room or building

design: a drawing which shows how an object, machine, hieroglyphics

or building will be made
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device: a piece of equipment that is used for a particular furniture

purpose
discovery: to find information, a place or an object, advanced
especially for the first time
enrich: improve the quality of something by adding irrigate
something to it
gadget: a small piece of equipment that does a particular cultivate
job, especially a new type
idea: an understanding, thought, or picture in your popsicles
mind
innovation: a new idea or method that is being tried for the appointments
first time, or the use of such ideas or methods
invention: something that has been designed or created for parachute
the first time
machines: a piece of equipment with moving parts that uses helicopter
power to do a particular job
patent: a legal right that a person or company receives to blades
make or sell a particular product so that others
cannot copy it
prototype: the first model or example of something new that loom
can be developed or copied in the future
scissors: a tool for cutting paper, hair, cloth, etc that you refreshment
hold in your hand and that has two blades that
move against each other
sketches: a short description of something without many headache
details
visionary able to make plans for the future that are pollute
imaginative and wise

Vocabulary

Vocabulary Focus: Picture Dictionaries

Picture dictionaries are an intelligent and amusing way of studying a language,
particularly if one learns best by looking at pictures. It is basically a dictionary that
provides definitions as well as pictures of the word we are looking for.

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Activity 1
Write It
Name the Invention
Instructions to students: Look at the pictures and read the definitions of household
inventions we use every day. Then write the name of the invention to the space beside
the picture of it.
1. a large container that uses electricity to keep food cold
2. a piece of electrical equipment that you use for making clothes flat and smooth
3. an electric light that you can hold in your hand
4. a piece of equipment that is used to talk to someone who is in another place
5. a button that you press next to a door that makes a noise to let someone know
that you are there
6. a piece of equipment in the shape of a box, with a screen on the front, used for
watching programs
7. a piece of equipment that is used to control something such as a television from
a distance
8. a glass object containing a wire which produces light from electricity

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Activity 2
Write It
Match the Words
Instructions to students: These are all words that are related to inventions. Read the
words and write the correct ones beside the matching definitions.
gadget- prototype- patent- design- device- contraption- idea- invention- innovation-
discovery

a small piece of equipment that does a particular job, especially

a new type
a drawing which shows how an object, machine, or building will
be made
something that has been designed or created for the first time
the first model or example of something new that can be
developed or copied in the future
a new idea or method that is being tried for the first time, or the

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use of such ideas or methods

a piece of equipment that is used for a particular purpose
to find information, a place or an object, especially for the first
time
an understanding, thought, or picture in your mind
a legal right that a person or company receives to make or sell a
particular product so that others cannot copy it
a machine or object that looks strange or complicated

Activity 3
Write It
Words in Sentences
Instructions to students: Now that you know the meaning of the words in activity 2, use
each of these words in a sentence. Your instructor will advise you on how to submit this
assignment.

gadget
design
invention
prototype
innovation
device
discovery
idea
patent
contraption

Activity 4
Write It
Hangman
Instructions to students: Read the definitions and guess the word. Be careful! Every
wrong guess brings you closer to the hangman’s rope!
1. a tool for cutting paper, hair, cloth, etc that you hold in your hand and that has
two blades that move against each other
2. to improve the quality of something by adding something to it
3. to put paint or paper on the walls or other surfaces of a room or building
4. equipment with moving parts that uses power to do a particular job
5. plans that shows how someone will design, build, or achieve something

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6. a person who is learning a job by working for someone who already has skills
and experience
7. able to make plans for the future that are imaginative and wise
8. the culture and way of life of a society at a particular period of time

Reading

Activity 1
True or False?
Leonardo da Vinci
Instructions to student: Read the text about Leonardo da Vinci and decide whether the
statements that follow are true or false.
Many people have heard of Leonardo da Vinci, and almost everybody recognizes his
name as an artist. However, Leonardo da Vinci was also an engineer, a scientist and
an inventor. Leonardo’s interest in machines and machinery started in his childhood. As
a young boy, and an apprentice, at the studio of the artist Verrocchio, Leonardo
watched how different machines were being used. He also studied the machines of his
time and understood how the different parts functioned.
Leonardo believed that if he understood how the different parts of machines
functioned, he could find ways to use those parts in different settings to serve new
functions. Sadly, his illustrations of his ideas about different machines proved to be
too revolutionary for his time. However, five hundred years later, most of his designs
can be used as blueprints for creating workable models. Imagine that! Among his
many visionary sketches are the first parachute, the first tank, the first helicopter, the
first aeroplane and the first motor car. Truly, he was a genius!
1. According to the text, most people know that Leonardo is an artist. T F
2. We understand from the text that Leonardo was a very talented person. T F
3. According to the text, Leonardo’s interest in machines developed late in his life.
T F
4. Most of Leonardo’s inventions were fulfilled in his lifetime. T F
5. Some of his visionary illustrations include, the parachute, the telephone, and the
tank. T F

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Activity 2
Multiple Choice
Ancient Egyptians and Inventions
Instructions to students: Read about the contributions of ancient Egyptians to the
world of inventions and answer the multiple choice questions that follow.

The ancient Egyptians were a great and innovative people. Not only did they give us the
pyramids, but many other great achievements and inventions, many of which are still in
use today. The Egyptian civilization enriched the ancient and modern world with many
inventions in all areas. These included inventions that contributed to society, science,
medicine, culture and agriculture.

Among the many inventions of ancient Egypt are black ink and papyrus. Papyrus is the
earliest form of paper. Before discovering papyrus, people used to carve on stones. The
Egyptians, however, discovered that they can use the fibers of the papyrus plant to
make paper. They also had such good knowledge of colors and dyes that they
decorated their pyramids with different colors and shades. These colors were so strong
and durable, that we can still see them today thousands of years later.

The Egyptians’ lives depended on the Nile River and, as such, it was no wonder that
they would be the people to invent sails. These helped their boats move along the Nile
River and it allowed the wind to push their boats faster. The Egyptians also invented
many devices to help them irrigate and cultivate their land. They developed advanced
watering systems and tools such as the plow, the shadoof and sickle blades.

Another great invention of the ancient Egyptians is the Calendar year. Although it was a
little different than today’s calendar, it was the first calendar to divide the year into 365
days and to recognize the existence of a leap year every four years. Egyptians also
invented the water clock and the sundial. Both were used to tell time. They used the
water clock to tell the hours of the day and to time speeches in court rooms. The
inventor even managed to get the clock to make different sounds like bells and
whistling birds.

To the rest of the world, Egypt is most famous for inventing its first triangular shaped
Pyramids. These continue to be enormous works of art that have stood the test of
time. Building the pyramids consumed a lot of time and energy. It required great
knowledge in mathematics, labor organization and science.

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The Egyptian inventions also included Hieroglyphics, makeup, medical procedures, the
loom, the first lock, scissors, toothbrush, toothpaste, furniture, especially beds and
chairs, jewelry and many more.

1. What is the main idea of paragraph one?

a. The Egyptian civilization was a great civilization.
b. The Egyptian civilization lasted for thousands of years.
c. The Egyptian civilization provided the world with many inventions.
2. We understand from the text that Egyptian ink was:
a. easy to clean and remove.
b. so good and durable that it still exists today.
c. was not used in ancient Egypt.
3. The ancient Egyptians used------------- to tell time
a. water clock and sundial.
b. water clock.
c. sundial.
4. We understand that the Egyptian calendar year:
a. was exactly the same as the one used today.
b. was somewhat different than the one used today.
c. was completely different than the one used today.
5. The Egyptians:
a. did not care about their agricultural system.
b. depended on the Nile and invented many things to advance their agriculture.
c. did not have an agricultural system.
6. The Egyptian inventions include;
a. makeup, furniture and looms
b. locks, beds and tissue paper
c. water clock, chairs and books
Activity 3
Multiple Choice
Accidental Inventions
Instructions to students: Read the text about accidental inventions and answer the
multiple choice questions that follow.
Some of the most popular foods and drinks came into existence by
accident. Coca Cola, potato chips, and popsicles were all invented by accident.
So what is the story behind these inventions? Read on and you will see.

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One day, a young boy wanted to make a powdered drink. The boy’s name was
Frank Emerson. He put the powder into the water and mixed them together. He
was sitting outside his house when something distracted him. He left his cup
outside with the wooden stick in it and during the night it got so cold that the
drink froze. The very next day, Frank found his drink and it was frozen. When he
tasted it, it tasted delicious , but frozen. He thought it would be a good idea if
he could sell this new frozen drink, so he started to sell them as Emerson’s
Icicles, later on he named them popsicles.
Potato chips were another accidental invention. A chef name George Crum
used to work in an expensive restaurant in Saratoga Springs, New York, and one
of his customers kept sending his French fries back because they were too thick,
so the chef decided to annoy his customer and he cut the potatoes too thin and
fried them. The customer loved these new chips and they soon became very
popular.
The most famous of these inventions is perhaps the Coca Cola story. Dr.
John Pemberton was a pharmacist who lived in Atlanta-Georgia. One day he
wanted to make a medication for headaches, the resulting syrup was made of
extracts from the coca plant and cola nuts. When people tried this drink, they
enjoyed the taste of it so much that it was sold as a refreshment drink instead of
medicine. The name, Coca Cola, was suggested by Pemberton’s bookkeeper, Mr.
Frank Robinson.

1. The inventor of Coca Cola was:

a. a pharmacist
b. a chef
c. a bookkeeper
2. George Crum worked in :
a. a new restaurant
b. an expensive restaurant
c. a cheap restaurant
3. We understand from this text that these inventions were created after:
a. a lot of work and effort by their inventors
b. by coincidence
c. a lot of research and scientific research
4. The reason why chef Crum made his potatoes thin was to :
a. please his customer and provide him with his specific order.
b. to annoy the customer who kept complaining.
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c. to invent a new type of fries.

5. It was------------------ who came up with the name Coca Cola.
a. Frank Emerson
b. Frank Robinson
c. Frank Adams
6. Dr. John Pemberton’s initial syrup was made to:
a. refresh people
b. heal headaches
c. prevent toothache

Activity 4
Write It
Match the Inventions
Instructions to students: Do you know who invented the inventions below? For this
activity, write the last name of the inventor beside the picture of the invention.
Hint: You may need to do research about these inventions online to find out more
about them.
Diesel Engine- Radar- Electric Battery– Telephone- Kodak Camera- airplane- Jeans-
Dynamite- Telegraph- the World Wide Web
Rudolf Diesel

Robert Watson-Watt

Alessandro Volta

Alexander Graham
Bell

George Eastman

The Wright brothers

Levi Strauss

Alfred Nobel
Samuel F. B. Morse
Tim Berners-Lee

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Activity 5
Write It
Group the Inventions
Instructions to students: Look at the following list of inventions and put them where
they belong in the table. Do we use them in the kitchen, the office, the street? Be
careful, some of them may be used in more than one place.

oven- fax machine- cell phone- food blender- cell phone- door bell-
projector- car radio- freezer- Dish washer-cell phone- scanner- motorbike-
bicycle- radio- internet key- internet- radio- stapler- internet
In the Kitchen In the Office In the street
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Grammar
Warm up
The Chinese invented kites.
People used the telephone for the first time in the 18th century.
Egyptians built the pyramids.
Hint: What do the verbs in the sentences have in common?
Answer: The verbs are all in the simple past tense.
Note to students: Check Grammar Reference 1.
Grammar Focus 1: Simple Past Tense
The simple past tense is mainly used to talk about things that have happened and
finished in the past. It is usually formed by adding –ed to the verb in the infinitive
form. There are verbs, however, that we do not add –ed to. These are called irregular
verbs. Following are examples of regular and irregular verbs.
Regular verbs: Irregular verbs:
want+ed= wanted put- put
crash+ed= crashed bring –brought

Positive Sentences in the Simple Past Tense

I

you
crossed
we the street.

they

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He
Crossed
She

It

Negative Sentences in the Simple Past Tense

Subject Short form Long Main verb

form

I
didn’t did not
you cross
the street.
we

they

He didn’t cross
did not the street.
She

it

Questions in the Simple Past Tense

Did you
cross the street?

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we

they

he
Did
she cross the street?

it

Short Answers in the Simple Past Tense

Did I cross the street? Yes, I did.

No, I did not.
No, I didn’t.

Did they cross the street? Yes, they did.

No, they did not.
No, they didn’t.

Did we cross the street? Yes, we did.

No, we did not.
No, we didn’t.

Did you cross the street? Yes, you did.

No, you did not.
No, you didn’t.

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Did he cross the street? Yes, he did.

No, he did not.
No, he didn’t.

Did she cross the street? Yes, she did.

No, she did not.
No, she didn’t.

Wh- Questions in the Simple Past Tense

they cross the street?

When did we cross the street?
Where you cross the street?
Why I cross the street?

did he cross the street?

When she cross the street?
Where it cross the street?
Why

There are other verbs, however, that we treat differently in the simple past. The
verb to be and has different positive, negative and question forms. The following tables
will explain these differences.

Subject Positive Negative

He

She
was was not sick.
It wasn’t

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They
were not sick.
We were weren’t sick.

You

He

She sick?
Was
it

you

Were they sick?

we

Use of the Simple Past Tense

We use the simple past tense to describe:
i) a completely finished action in the past
We painted the house last week.
Our team played a good game yesterday.
ii) a completely finished situation in the past
Mona lived in Paris from 1990 to 2000.
John studied French for 9 years.
iii) a repeated action in the past
I saw this movie three times last March.
Brian traveled to London three times last year.

Grammar Focus 2: Prepositions of Movement 1

Prepositions are an important part of speech in English. In past units, we discussed
prepositions of time. In this unit, we will learn about some of the prepositions of

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movement. The following table provides a list of some of the most common
prepositions of movement.

up The man climbed up the mountain.

down The cat came down the tree.
into The ball fell into the hoop.
out of The children came out of the school.
round The bus drove round the school.
through The thief ran through the park.

Grammar Focus 3: Possessive ’s

This ’ is called an apostrophe. We use the apostrophe for many reasons:
We use it with the letter ‘s’ when we want to show possession. For example, we say:
Sami’s car
Mike’s homework
Linda’s assignment
We also use it when we want to show that some letters have been removed from a
word. For instance:
He has got a book.
He’s got a book.

Activity 1
Write It
Fill in the Blanks
Instructions to student: Write the correct form of the verb in the spaces provided.

1. The baker ------------- the cake late last night.(to bake)

2. She ------------- the new the meeting yesterday. (to postpone)
3. Mike ------------- to London once last year. (to travel)
4. Sarah ------------- the movie with her friends in the cinema yesterday. (to
watch)
5. The exam ------------- at 12 in the afternoon. (to end)
6. The pilot ------------- the plane safely. (to land)
7. Maryam ------------- a wedding party two days ago.(to attend)
8. They ------------- the information on Google.( to research)

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Activity 2
Write It
Making Questions
Instructions to student: Based on what you learned about the simple past tense,
change the following statements into questions.

1. Jack told us the story.

2. Ali ate a big cake last week.
3. They saw the movie yesterday.
4. The lecture finished an hour ago.
5. Matt was very happy.
6. Edison invented the light bulb.
7. The meeting was last night.
8. They were sick with the flu.
Activity 3
Write It
Jumbled Words
Instructions to students: Now that you know more about the simple past tense, use this
knowledge to rearrange the words below to write correct sentences.
1. speak/ well/ they/ didn’t/ very/Arabic
2. did/ leave/ boys/ when/the/ classroom/the/?
3. schedule/ they/did/when/date/the/exam/?
4. Ben/ England/ to/ moved/ in/ summer/the .
5. met/Mrs./yesterday’s/ I / Smith/ during/ party.

Activity 4
Write It
Pick the Right Verb
Instructions to student: Here is a group of verbs in the simple past tense. Read the text
and write the verbs in their correct spaces provided in the text.
rushed- saved- had- hit- didn’t stop- drove- parked – checked- rolled-
didn’t have- was not - came- saved- apologized –came- wore- took-
sustained- lost

My family________________ a very scary experience yesterday. They were driving

home late last night when suddenly, a car_______________beside them and
_____________ them from the side. The man at the wheel ______________. He just
_____________ past them. They _______________ the car and ____________
the damage. The speeding car ____________ control and ____________over to

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the side of the road. Thank god, all my family members ____________ their seat belts.
The seatbelts ________________ their lives.

The man in the other car _____________very lucky. He ____________ his seat
belt on and he ______________ serious injuries. My dad used his cell phone and called
the ambulance. They _______________ very quickly and ___________his life.
The man ____________ to my family for driving too fast and he is in hospital today.

The police __________ to the scene and recorded the accident. They also
____________ the man’s name and his address. He will have to go to jail after he
leaves hospital. Thanks to two important inventions, the seat belt and the cell phone,
my family and the man are still alive.

Activity 5
Write It
Guess the Inventor!

Instructions to students: Using the simple past form of the verb in brackets,
answer the questions correctly to uncover the inventor.

1. He ___________ an American. “ to be”

2. He ____________ from 1847-1931. “ to live”
3. He ______________ a hearing problem. “ to have”
4. He ___________________ to school for long. “ to go/ not”
5. Hi mother ____________________ him at school. “to teach”
6. He _________________ many things that we still use today including the
light bulb. “ to invent”
7. He _______________ a very famous company which is General Electric.
“found”
8. He _________________ on the 13th of October, 1931. “to die”

Activity 6
Circle It
Find the Error
Instructions to students: Each of the following sentences has one error. Read the
sentences, then circle the word you think is wrong.
1.When did the boys wins the game?
2.John bringed the teacher his books.
3.The bus stoped at the bus station at 2: 00’clock.
4.We was not in the party last week.
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5.Dania didn’t liked the sandwich .

Activity 7
Type It
Verb search
Instructions to student: Try to find the verbs in the puzzle below. All of the verbs in the
word search are used in relation to inventions. The verbs above the puzzle are in the
base form. To complete the activity, change them into the past tense, and then look for
them in the puzzle. discover, develop, patent, create, think, design, draft,
invent, devise, originate, conceive, copyright, plan, innovate, manufacture,
imagine, visualize,

D C D
L P Q M E E R U Z
Z Z V O H X U R E O I E U
B P D U X O O S J E E A K N G Z T
U T I D O N Y P V M V P I Y I A P Q S
P L A U N W Y E W F S O B E B I W L J A F
J I D T A Z L S W S R C K L Q A D A X I M
X O I U E J A L X U U U S D X Y J O N D T T O
Y C R E A T E D J C J Y I C N P W T N E P N U
V D M C R E B Y Z Z F U S D N U R J M E N C J Z C
V E D E T N E T A P S N U D E V I S E D G Y K G N
Z T G B W N N T E O T I N N O V A T E D I D R L D
N T H Z B R S R I N V E N T E D N V P A G S Q W Y R F
Z V G E X S V M A N U F A C T U R E D I O E G D B A K
Z U I C B I G M M M D E N I G A M I D U A D S G M F I
V R Q C O N C E I V E D E P O L E V E D B F M I T
N Y V Y V S Y C M T K U C U U C V Y W O P Y S I E
F P P Q B V W Y X U O W W E B Y C D G N C G G W D
O G B F T L O J Y X H Q F D A C F C I I K E B
C M I N L N K O R I G I N A T E D A U C P M O
W Y M T C A L Y C L O E Q O Q B Q Q O T Z
V I S U A L I Z E D T D T H G U O H T M L
M C T U A I H L L P L N Z F U T X H V
N A G S U L J C W D F T V A H D U
B G N V Q F N E P U M X A
F A O U A Z X D L
K S J

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Activity 8
Write It
Your Move!
Instructions to students: How well do you know your prepositions of movement?
Write the correct preposition in the spaces provided.
through- down-up- into- out of
1. The cat was afraid of the dog. It ran and climbed------------ the tree.
2. When the fire started, we ran---------------- the house. The whole house was
damaged.
3. After they finished their lunch in the garden, they went back ------------the
house.
4. If you want to get a thread into a needle, you have to put the thread ---------
---the eye of the needle.
5. After Sam fixed the roof, he went up the stairs and started working on the
paint.

Activity 9
Write It
Where is the Apostrophe?
Instructions to students: Based on what you have learnt about the apostrophe,
read the following sentences and place the apostrophe in its correct place in the
sentences. Be careful, some sentences may have more than one apostrophe,
while others may have none.
1. The light bulb is Edisons invention.
2. Theyve got three boys and three girls.
3. The Egyptians invented the scissors.
4. The brothers names are Malik and Sami.
5. My friends wifes an inventor. She invents all kinds of strange gadgets.
6. Electricitys quite a useful invention

Listening

Activity 1
True or False?
Prof. Joanne Smith’s Opinion

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Instructions to students: Listen to Professor Joanne Smith as she discusses the

advantages of inventions and then decide whether the statements that follow are true
or false.

Audio Text

I do not believe that there such a thing as a bad invention. All inventions are good
and they show the imagination and wonder of the human mind. Our inventions,
whether they are smart, funny, crazy or dumb prove that there is nothing we, as
humans, cannot do. It is also important to note that many of civilizations’ most
successful inventions were not appreciated by people when they first came out; on the
contrary, they were disregarded and looked down upon. Most importantly, the most
famous and visionary inventors were called lazy, dumb or crazy by the people who were
around them. This was mainly because they could not understand them, or because
their ideas were so advanced that they were simply ahead of their time. We should not
judge inventions so easily, we should wait and see how these inventions will serve us
and make our lives better and easier.

1. Professor Smith is a strong supporter of inventions. T F

2. According to Professor Smith, some inventions are good and some are bad. T
F
3. Most of the inventions were accepted by people when they were first invented.
T F
4. According to Professor Smith, inventions are examples of the abilities of the
human mind. T F
5. Most famous inventors were not understood by the people surrounding them
because their ideas were ahead of their time. T F

Activity 2
Multiple Choice
Ms. Johnson’s Opinion
Instructions to student: Listen to Ms. Johnson as she expresses her opinion about
inventions and answer the multiple choice questions that follow.

Audio Text

It is difficult to say that inventions are all bad or all good. Each invention has its own
advantages and disadvantages. On the one hand, there are inventions that have made
our lives easier, increased our production, created work opportunities and provided us
with daily improvements. Inventions such as penicillin, electricity, and many others are
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examples of such good inventions. On the other hand, there are inventions that are
very bad. Inventions such as weapons like guns and rockets; these are used in war and
destruction. They are inventions that destroy our lives and our planet, and these cannot
be called good inventions. So as you see there are two sides to this issue and we need
to look at both sides before we make any judgment.

1. Mr. Johnson believes that:

a. inventions have advantages and disadvantages.
b. all inventions are good.
c. all inventions are bad.
2. According to Mr. Johnson, Penicillin and Electricity are examples of:
a. good inventions.
b. old inventions.
c. useless inventions.
3. Some of the inventions mentioned by Mr. Johnson are;
a. weapons, cars and penicillin.
b. electricity, guns and rockets.
c. guns, rockets and engines.
4. Mr. Johnson believes that we:
a. can make judgment on inventions easily.
b. have to look at the different aspects of an invention before making judgment.
c. should not care whether an invention is good or bad. It doesn’t really matter.
5. According to Mr. Johnson:
a. inventions vary in their purpose.
b. inventions are all the same.
c. Although inventions are different, they all save lives.

Activity 3
True or False?
Elizabeth White’s Opinion
Instructions to Students: Listen to Elizabeth White as she expresses her opinion
regarding inventions, and then decide whether the questions that follow are true or
false.

Audio Text

Isn’t it obvious, all inventions are bad. They all impact our lives negatively. Even the so
called good inventions waste energy, pollute the earth and have side effects that are
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usually bad for humans and animals alike. Take paper for example, when it was
invented, no one thought that it would have such a big part to play in our lives. We do
use it for writing and typing and all that, but we are killing trees to make this paper.
When we cut these trees, the animals that live on, under and around these trees lose
their homes. All of this affects our lives and our planet - and this is a simple example of
the negative effects of one invention. Imagine what the rest are like!

1. Elizabeth does not have a specific opinion on inventions. T F

2. According to Elizabeth, inventions do not affect humans and animals. T F
3. In order to make paper, we destroy trees. T F
4. Animals are not affected by the loss of trees. T F
5. Elizabeth uses paper as one example of the bad effects of inventions. T F

Pronunciation Focus
Third Person Singular Pronunciation
Simple Past Tense Ending Sounds
How do you pronounce the –ed ending in the simple past tense?

We can pronounce it as /d/, /t/, /id/. The following table will illustrate the different
sound endings of the simple present tense.

if the verb ends in an laughed, hoped, helped,

/t/ unvoiced sound such as /f/, mashed
/k/, /ch/, /sh/, /p/, /s/

if the verb ends in a voiced

/d/ sound such as /b/, cleaned, discovered,
/m/,/n/,/g/, /v/, /z/, /r/ played, imagined

/id/ if the verb ends /t/, /d/ wanted, mounted,

invented, decided

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Activity 1
Circle It
Odd One Out
Instructions to students: Pronounce the words below and listen to the way they sound.
Circle the word that does not share the same –ed ending as the other words.

1. rubbed-pulled-hated
2. weighed- played-
dressed
3. grinned-killed-liked
4. judged-watched- cried
5. tried- caused- laughed
6. lived-mixed-bugged
7. loaned-signed-painted
8. heaped-fanned-appeared

Activity 2
Write It
Catch the Word
Instructions to students: Look at the symbols below. Write matching symbol next to
the word that has the same sound.

/t/,/d/,/ id/

treated, picked, walked, demanded, wiped, wished, dried, watched, fetched,

typed, clicked, coughed, answered, printed, belonged, fried, denied, allowed,
headed, stayed, weighed, cared, swiped, created, originated, faded, shaded,
invented, designed, missed

Speaking

Ice Breaker

Activity 1
Offline Activity
Debate Time
Instructions to students:

1. Your instructor will divide you into two groups.

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2. The topic will be the advantages and disadvantages of inventions. You will have a
debate and one group will take a supporting position and the other group will take the
opposing position.

3. Your instructor will be your referee and will be in charge of supervising the debate.

Activity 2
Offline Activity
Guess the Invention
Instructions to students:
1. Form teams of 4
2. Bring pictures of weird, stupid, funny or crazy inventions.
3. Your classmate will try to guess what these inventions are.
4. You will only give your classmates answers if they ask questions correctly. Their
questions should be correct both in meaning and grammar.
5. The team that guesses the most inventions wins the game.

Writing

Activity 1
Offline Activity
Inventions
Instructions to student: Pick an invention. Research it online, then write a short
paragraph about that invention and include the following information:

- Who invented it?

- When was it
invented?
- What is it used for?
- How successful is it?

Do your assignment in MS Word.

Check to make sure that the spelling and grammar are

correct.

Your instructor will advise you on how to submit this assignment in

class.

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Acknowledgement

The authors are grateful for this opportunity to acknowledge the valuable
contributions of the English instructors at Al Balqa Applied University's
Electronic Academy, located in As Salt, Jordan, who, in spite of their heavy
course loads, very generously contributed their time, their energy and their
constructive insights to assist us in improving the electronic course content
for the Elementary, Pre-Intermediate and Intermediate English blended
learning courses. In alphabetical order, they are: Adnan Abumafouz,
Bassem Al-Saydeeh, Rasha Darwish, Atika Ismael and last but certainly not
least, Tamador Snubar. We offer our most sincere appreciation to each and
every one of these instructors for their support.

© Investment World for Development and Technology

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Learning Objectives
1. Identify the present continuous verb form.
2. Form positive sentences using the present continuous tense.
3. Form negative sentences using the present continuous tense.
4. Form yes/no questions using the present continuous tense.
5. Form WH- questions using the present continuous tense.
6. Identify stative and dynamic verbs.
7. Identify prepositions of movement.
8. use prepositions of movement in sentences.
9. Identify possessive adjectives.
10. Use the apostrophe correctly.
11. Identify the difference between a dictionary and a thesaurus.
12. Form sentences using vocabulary from the word list.
13. Identify syllables in English words.
14. Participate verbally is class activities related to the theme of the unit.
15. Write short paragraph describing costumes.

Word List

anniversary: the day on which an important event happened in a previous bride

year
banquet: a large formal meal for many people, often followed by reception
speeches in honor of someone
buffet: a meal where people serve themselves from a variety of types inhabitants
of usually cold food
carnival: a special occasion or period of) public enjoyment and rocket
entertainment involving wearing unusual clothes, dancing,
and eating and drinking, usually held in the roads of a city
caterer: a person who provides, and sometimes serves, food announce
cloak: a loose outer piece of clothing without sleeves, which fastens load
at the neck, and is worn instead of a coat
costume: the set of clothes typical of a particular country or period of bride
history, or suitable for a particular activity
entertain: to keep a group of people interested or amused squeeze
fiesta: a public celebration in Spain or Latin America, especially one bubble
on a religious holiday, with
gala: a special public occasion at which there is a lot of procession
entertainment, usually in the form of a variety of
performances
invitation: to ask or request someone to go to an event father in law
locals: someone who lives in the area you are talking about mother in

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law
mask: a covering for the face that protects, hides, or decorates the clowns
person wearing it
parade: a line of people or vehicles that moves through a public place acrobats
as a way of celebrating an occasion
private: only for one person or group and not for everyone groom
spectator: someone who watches an event, sport, etc kilt
tourist: someone who visits a place for pleasure and does not live turban
there
traditional: following or belonging to the customs or ways of behaving helmet
that have continued in a group of people or society for a long
time without changing
travel agency: a person or company that arranges tickets, hotel rooms, etc. gloves
for people going on holiday or making a journey
wig: a covering of artificial hair worn on the head to hide a lack of barbeque
hair or to cover your own hair

" Celebrate the happiness that friends are always giving, make every day
a holiday and Celebrate just living"

Amanda Bradley

Vocabulary Focus
Dictionary or Thesaurus
What is the difference between these two? When do you use a dictionary and when do
you use a thesaurus? They both provide information about words, but each provides
different information.
A dictionary provides information about the spelling, pronunciation, definition and the
part of speech the word is.
A thesaurus plays a different role. The main aim of a thesaurus is to provide you with
words that mean the same as, or nearly the same as, the word you are looking for.
Here is an example that will help you understand the difference. The Cambridge
dictionary online defines the verb “celebrate” as follows:
celebrate: (enjoy an occasion)
verb [I, T]
to take part in special enjoyable activities in order to show that a particular occasion is
important:
We always celebrate our wedding anniversary by going out to dinner.
If this plan works, we'll celebrate in style (= in a special way).
http://www.dictionary.cambridge.org/define.asp?key=12098&dict=CALD 25-03-2008
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The Roget Thesaurus provides the following information on the same word.

Main Entry: celebrate

Part of
verb
Speech:
Definition: commemorate
Synonyms: bless, carouse, ceremonialize, commend, consecrate, dedicate, drink
to, eulogize, exalt, extol, feast, fete, glorify, hallow, honor, jubilate,
keep, laud, let loose*, lionize, make merry, make whoopee*,
memorialize, observe, party*, perform, praise, proclaim, publicize,
raise hell*, rejoice, revel, reverence, ritualize, signalize, solemnize,
tie one

http://thesaurus.reference.com/browse/celebrate 25-03-2008

Activity 1
Offline Activity
Practice Makes Perfect
Instructions to students: Now it is your turn to see the difference between a thesaurus
and a dictionary.
1. Choose five words from your Word List.
2. Use a dictionary to look up their meanings.
3. Use a thesaurus to find words that have the same meaning.
4. Once you are done, your instructor will advise you about how to submit this
assignment in class.

Activity 2
Write It
Word Search
Instructions to students: Search for words from the Word List in the square below.
Once you identify a word, write it in the space next to the square below. All of the
words are related to weddings and marriages.

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Q G I L B M H A Y O D K M U B
Q U U Z A G H N G O Z V D G Z
A Q Z C N H O N E Y M O O N A
Q H H M Q D L I S O Q Z N S W
B C I S U M W V S W W W H T E
E K A C E E P E K A A P H N D
R S M O T H E R I N L A W E D
E K U U Y H L S F X N X S M I
C R Y R E A R A E E I G E E N
E O Z Q S B A R G D R R R G G
P W E K G M W Y P A E G U N D
T E D C C H T E V N H R T A R
I R I B U F F E T C T O C R E
O I R H U H Y S I E A O I R S
N F B F L O W E R S F M P A S

Activity 3
Write It!
Match the Words
Instructions to students: Match the definitions to the correct words, by writing them in
the spaces provided.
banquet- fiesta- buffet- caterer- carnival- gala

a meal where people serve themselves from a variety

of types of usually cold food
a large formal meal for many people, often followed
by speeches in honor of someone
a special occasion or period of) public enjoyment and
entertainment involving wearing unusual clothes,
dancing, and eating and drinking, usually held in the
roads of a city
a public celebration in Spain or Latin America,
especially one on a religious holiday, with
entertainments and activities

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a special public occasion at which there is a lot of

entertainment, usually in the form of a variety of
performances
a person who provides, and sometimes serves, food

Activity 5
Write It
Match the Word to the Clue
Instructions to students: Read the following clues and try to guess the missing word.
to keep a group of people interested or amused
1. to keep a group of people interested or amused
2. a set of clothes typical of a particular country or period of history, or suitable for
a particular activity
3. someone who visits a place for pleasure and does not live there
4. a line of people or vehicles that moves through a public place as a way of
celebrating an occasion
5. someone who watches an event, sport, etc
6. only for one person or group and not for everyone

Activity 6
Type It
Crossword Puzzle
Instructions to students: Read the clues to the crossword puzzle and write the
answers into the correct spaces.

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Activity 7
Write It
Do You Know Your Costumes?
Instructions to students: Take a look at the costumes below, then write the name of the
piece of clothing next to the body part and the word they match with.
mask- cloak- wig- sari- kilt- hood- turban- gloves- helmet –
face,

around the neck and the

body

on the head

around the body

around the waist

on the head

on the head

on the hands

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on the head

Reading

“Celebrate what you want to see more of.” Thomas J. Peters

Activity 1
True or False?
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La Tomatina
Instructions to student: Michelle’s class is going on a school trip to Spain. Read
Michelle’s email to her friend, Sami, and then decide whether the statements that
follow are true or false

Dear Sami:
I am so excited! Tomorrow I am flying to the small town of Bunyol in Valencia, Spain.
This small town is having its annual tomato festival. It is called La Tomatina. Most of
the class is going too. Maria, my twin sister, is not going though. She is sick and the
doctor says that it is better if she stays home. She is very sad, but mom and dad
promised to make it up to her.

Anyway, let me tell you a little bit about the city and its festival. Bunyol is a small town
of 9,000 inhabitants, but in August it has people coming from all over the world.
Everybody wants to be part of the tomato festival or what is known in Spain as La
Tomatina Fiesta. The festival starts when a rocket is sent into the air to announce the
beginning of the festival. This traditionally takes place on the twenty seventh of August
of every year at eleven o’clock. Once the rocket is fired, trucks loaded with tomatoes
move along the streets of Bunyol. On these trucks are people who are responsible for
throwing tomatoes on everyone on the street.

There are a few rules in this festival. You cannot throw anything but tomatoes, and
before you do throw them, you have to squeeze them. The festival lasts for two hours
where typically 125,000 kilos of tomatoes are thrown about. I am taking a couple of
old T-shirts and jeans with me, as well as my eye goggles. I am also taking my old
shoes. I am certain that by the end of the day, my clothes will be as bright red as can
be, but that it will be great fun.

I will email you about everything I do there.

Bye for now, Michelle

1. According to the text, La Tomatina takes place once every year.

True
False
2. Michael is going on this trip with his classmates.
True
False
3. The text explains the origins of La Tomatina.
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True
False
4. Bunyol is a big city in Spain.
True
False
5. There are many rules and regulations regarding the Festival.
True
False
6. The festival begins when people start throwing tomatoes at each other.
True
False
7. The festival lasts for two days.
True
False
8. The word “Fiesta” is the Spanish word for Festival.
True
False

Activity 2
Multiple Choice
The Carnival of Venice
Instructions to students: A different festival than the La Tomatina takes place in Italy.
Read about the Carnival of Venice and answer the multiple choice questions that
follow.
The City of Venice is bubbling with activity, and the organizers are hurrying to
get everything ready for the carnival. People are coming from all over the world to
take part in the Carnival of Venice. Once they get there, they will be going to the mask
and costume makers to buy their costumes and masks to participate in the festival.
The Carnival of Venice takes place every year in February, and although it is very cold,
tourists and locals come to celebrate and watch the street parades and the wonderful
masks of the carnival.
The carnival is very old and very popular. It started in the 14th century and it is
now one of Italy’s most famous festivals. It lasts for ten days and on the first Saturday
there is a masked procession where people wear their costumes and walk along the
streets of Venice leading to San Marco Square. There are many private parties during
the carnival; most of them are by invitation only. There are many street parties
though, and singers and dancers fill the streets with songs and dance. On the last day,
and in San Marco piazza, clowns, fireworks and acrobats dance and entertain the
spectators who have come to see the last day of the carnival.

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1. The carnival of Venice is:

a. a newly found festival.
b. an ancient festival.
c. an unknown festival.
2. In the carnival:
a. people only watch performers.
b. people can take part in the festival.
c. people cannot buy costumes.
3. According to the text, there are:
a. street parades, performances and private parties among many other
festivities.
b. street parades and street parties only.
c. acrobats, clowns, and fireworks only.
4. We understand from the text that The San Marco Pizza plays:
a. an important part in the entire carnival program.
b. an important part at the beginning of the carnival program.
c. an important part at the end of the carnival program.

5. One of the following words is closest in meaning to the word “spectators” in

the last paragraph:
a. viewers
b. performers
c. mask makers

6. We understand from the text that:.

a. masks and costumes are a tradition in the carnival.
b. only Italians are allowed to wear costumes and masks.
c. masks and costumes are difficult to buy in Venice.Warm up

Grammar

Grammar
They are celebrating their wedding anniversary.
The bride and the groom are cutting the cake
They are welcoming the guests.
Hint:: What do the verbs in the sentences have in common?

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Answer: The verbs are all in the present continuous tense.

Note to students: Check Grammar Reference
1.

Grammar Focus 1
Present Continuous Tense
Positive Sentences in the Present Continuous Tense
Subject Long Form Short Form

I am drinking I’m drinking milk

He
She is drinking ’s drinking milk
It
They
We are drinking ‘re drinking milk
You

Negative Sentences in the Present Continuous Tense

Subject Long Form Short Form

I am not drinking ‘m not drinking milk

He
She is not drinking isn’t drinking milk
It
They
We are not drinking aren’t drinking milk
You

Yes/No Questions in the Present Continuous Tense

Am I drinking milk?

he milk?
Is she drinking
it
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Are they milk?

we drinking
you

Short Answers in the Present Continuous Tense

Am I drinking milk ? Yes, I am.

No, I am not.
No, I’m not.

Is he drinking milk ? Yes, he is .

No, he is not .
No, he isn’t .

Is she drinking milk ? Yes, she is .

No, she is not .
No, she isn’t

Is it drinking milk ? Yes, it is .

No, it is not .
No, it isn’t.

Yes, they are .

Are they drinking milk ? No, they are not .
No, they aren’t.

Yes, we are .
Are we drinking milk? No, we are not .
No, we aren’t
Yes, we are .
Are you drinking milk? No, we are not .
No, we aren’t

Wh- Questions in the Present Continuous Tense

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When am I drinking milk?

Where
Why

is he drinking milk?

When she drinking milk?

Where
Why it drinking milk?

are they drinking milk?

When
Where
Why we drinking milk?

you drinking milk?

Use of the Present Continuous Tense

We use the present continuous tense to:
i) talk about what is happening at the moment
We are reading about the present continuous.
She is sleeping right now.
ii) talk about actions that have long duration at the moment of speech
Sami is preparing for his TOEFL exam.
Maryam is studying to become a doctor.
iii) talk about arrangements in the near future
We are celebrating Hadi’s birthday tomorrow.
They are flying to Venice tonight.

Grammar Focus 2
Stative and Dynamic Verbs
There are verbs that can be used in the continuous form and the simple form.
These are called dynamic verbs, but there are verbs that cannot be in the continuous

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form. These are called stative verbs. The following table will illustrate the types of
verbs that are usually stative.

verbs of the verbs of verbs of the verbs of verbs of

senses emotions mind possession existence
hear amaze believe belong appear
feel appreciate desire own consist of
see astonish doubt possess contain
smell care forget have cost
taste dislike imagine exist
know envy know include
fear mean look
hate realize matter
like recognize owe
love remember resemble
need suppose seem
please think sound
prefer understand weigh
surprise

There are some of these verbs, however, that can be used both in the stative and
dynamic form. The meaning is totally different, though.
Take a look at the following examples:
I have a car. (It is mine. I own it)
I am having lunch. (I am eating lunch)

I think you are wrong. (I believe you are wrong)

I am thinking of my friend Sara. (In this case, a mental process. In other words, I have
her on my mind)

Grammar Focus 3
Prepositions of Movement
past The carnival marched past my house.
across Sami ran across the field and scored
a goal.
toward The children ran toward their mother.
along We walked along the river.
away from The guests moved away from the
loudspeakers.
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onto I got onto the plane.

over The athlete jumped over the line.
under The dog hid under the blanket.

Grammar Focus 4
Possessive Adjectives
In previous units, we learnt about subject and object pronouns. In this unit we will
learn about possessive adjectives. The following table will review subject and object
pronouns and will introduce possessive adjectives.

Subject Pronouns Object Pronouns Possessive Adjectives

I me my
he him his
she her her
it it its
we us our
you you your
they them their

It is important to remember that when we use the possessive adjective, it agrees with
the person who owns the object, not the object itself.
For instance:
This is Rashid with his sister.
I saw Maria with her new car.

Activity 1
Circle It
Complete the Sentences
Instructions to students: Maria is a wedding planner. The following are her initial notes
about the wedding program for Sarah and Ben. Read the sentences below and circle
the correct answers.
1. The florist (is arriving/am arriving/are arriving) at 10:00.
2. The caterers (are bringing/ is bringing/am bringing) the food at 2:00.
3. I (am booking /is booking /are booking) the honeymoon trip for the newlyweds
after I finish this program .
4. The hairstylist (is meeting/ to meeting/are meeting) Sarah at 1:00
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5. The guests (are arriving/ is arriving /am arriving) at 8 in the evening.

6. The groom (is having /are having /am having) a haircut and shave at 12:30.
7. The photographers( are coming /is coming /am coming) at 7:00.

Activity 2
Write It
Making Questions
Instructions to student: Based on what you learned about the present continuous tense,
change the following statements into questions.
1. The florist is arriving at 10:00.
2. The caterers are bringing the food at 2:00.
3. I am booking the honeymoon trip to the newlyweds after I finish this program.
4. The hairstylist is meeting Sarah at 1:00.
5. The guests are arriving at 8 in the evening.
6. The groom is having a haircut and shave at 12:30.
7. The photographers are coming at 7:00.

Activity 3
Write It
Jumbled Words
Instructions to students: Now that you know more about the present continuous tense,
use this knowledge to rearrange the words below to make correct sentences.
1.I/meeting/with/to/am/ discuss/ ceremony/ graduation/ president/the/the/.
2. Sami / Mike/ flying/ are/ Dubai/to/ tomorrow/and/.
3. party/ when/ you/ having/your/ are/?
4. married/ they/are/this/week/getting/?
5. Julie/ tonight/ doing/is/ what/? .

Activity 4
Write It
Complete the Sentences
Instructions to student: Write the correct verbs in the spaces provided.
are booking- are planning- are going- are renting -are planning
We ------------------- on having a relaxing and fun summer holiday. First thing
tomorrow, we ------------------- our flight to Spain. We------------------- there this Friday,
once we get there, we------------------- a yacht to take us around the Spanish Riviera,
and we ------------------- on staying in Spain to attend the tomato festival La Tomatina

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Activity 5
Write It
Stative or Dynamic?
Instructions to students: Which of these verbs are stative and which are dynamic? Write
the stative verbs into the stative verbs column and the dynamic verbs to the dynamic
verbs column.

hate- read- type- sound- hear- speak- seem- grow- mean- work- prefer-
cook- eat believe
Stative Dynamic

Activity 6
Circle It
Find the Error
Instructions to students: Each of the following sentences has one mistake. Read the
sentences, then circle the word you think is wrong. The errors are all related to the
present tense.

1. Is they getting their result exams tomorrow?.

2. John is liking his new car.
3. Ali and I am going to the festival of flowers next week.
4. We is closing early tonight because of the Eid celebrations. She is seeming very sad.

Activity 7
Write It
Simple Present or Present Continuous
Instructions to student: Read the sentences and write the present tense in the spaces
provided.
1. Listen! She -------------- on the phone. is talking/ talks/talked
2. I ------------three cups of coffee a day. drink/drank/drunk
3. I ------------to that new restaurant tonight, would you like to come? am going/go/goes
4. Don’t give my cat any tuna, she-----------it. hates/ is hating/hating
5. I ----------------that all cultures should be respected. believe/ is believing/am believing
6. Ahmed is not Syrian. I ----------he is Egyptian. think/am thinking/am thinking
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7. Be quiet! The baby ----------------right now. is sleeping/ sleeps/ sleeping

8. Sarah can’t answer the phone now. She ---------------a shower. is having/ has/had

Activity 8
Write It
Your Move!
Instructions to students: How well do you know your prepositions of movement? Look
at the list below and write the correct prepositions in the spaces provided.
toward- past- onto- under- across- over- along

1. The bride and groom walked --------------- the room and received their guests.
2. I saw the father of the bride coming -------------us then suddenly, he stopped and
turned around.
3. I walked -------------- the room and then I realized that it was the room I was looking
for, so I went back.
4. The horse was so strong and fast. It jumped ------------ the fence and ran away.
5. The snake went------------------ the rock and hid from the boys.
6. The dancers got -------------- the stage and started to dance to the music of the party.
7. We were walking -------------- the river when we saw the little boy playing with his boat.

Activity 9
Write It!
Word Search
Instructions to students: Look at the list of the prepositions of movement below. Can
you find them in the puzzle? Search for them. Once you identify a word, write it in the
space beside the square below.

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L M
K R A L
Y A O T N I
H J I H O Q H Q
Q W F J I W Y M H Q
V C R G B E A L O N G J
S M N M C C D R I L J L B S
J Z U E D G A P D E D O W N S O
T S A P J Q X E G R E V O U D O C F
C M O R F Y A W A W W Y F N W R R V C K
B R Z H P J I B Q A H N O T N O C I S X
U C N E M X V B T H R O U G H A I D
G I D N U O R D T B H N E Q Q A
N M M B O Z Z L X I G A U F
D G M U N R Z J S F N X
Z Z T R E E I F L B
N O B D P C Y E
F G N B D Y
C U Y Q
Y M
Just be careful that some words share letters!

Activity 10
Write It!
Complete the Sentences
Instructions to students: Write the correct possessive adjective to the blanks provided
in the sentences.
my-His- their- her -its-your- our
1. Did you see John’s new car? ----------- father bought it for him.
2. Have you met ------------- sister? She and I are twins.
3. I haven’t seen the new car model from Mercedes. They say it is ---------- best
model ever.
4. Is this --------------- book? I thought I saw your name on it.
5. We haven’t introduced you to Salma’s new friend. She’s ----------- friend from
England.
6. Where is ------------lunch? We forgot to bring it with us.
7. My cat has ------------pillow next to my bed.

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Listening
Activity 1
True or False
Maya and the Travel Agent: Before the Trip
Instructions to students: Maya is trying to make travel arrangements for her summer
vacation. Listen carefully to the conversation between her and the travel agent and
decide whether the statements that follow are true or false.

Travel Agent: Happy Tours Travel Agency, How may I help you?
Maya: Hi! I am trying to make arrangements for my summer vacation and
my friends recommended your agency.
Travel Agent: We are always working to please our customers; A happy
customer is a returning customer, as we say here in Happy Tours.
Maya: Yes, well, I hope you will be able to help me!
Travel Agent: Ok, let’s see, is there a place in particular you want to go to?
Maya: No, not really, but I am looking at places that hold carnivals or
festivals during the summer. I love going to festivals. They are so much fun!
Travel Agent: And how about countries, any specific country?
Maya: Let’s see, I hear that Spain is lovely in the summer, and I have never
been there, but are there any festivals going on in Spain?

Travel Agent: You are in luck; there are a couple of very popular festivals
that take place every summer in Spain. The first one is La Tomatina in
Bunyol and the second Festival takes place in San Fermin.
Maya: The festival in San Fermin? Is that the one where bulls run after
people?
Travel Agent: Yes, that’s the one. You might know it better by its other
name, The Pamplona Bull Run.
Maya: I see, I know about that one, but what is La Tomatina?
Travel Agent: Oh, that is a huge food fight; people throw tomatoes at each
other for two whole hours.
Maya: That sounds like fun! Can you get me more information on this
festival as well as information on flight and accommodation?
Travel Agent: Of course, I am looking into flight and accommodation
arrangements as we speak.
Maya: Great! It’s nice to finally know where I am going this summer. Do
you mind emailing me the specific details, and I will get back to you if the
price is right.
Travel agent: I will get on it right away, and I am here to answer any
questions that come to your mind.
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Maya: Great, I’ll look forward to finding out more. You’ve been a great help!

1. At the beginning of the conversation, Maya knows exactly where she is going
this summer.
True
False
2. We understand from the conversation that this is the first time Maya calls this
travel agency.
True
False
3. Maya is looking for a specific country to go to.
True
False
4. The festival in San Fermin is where the tomato fight occurs.
True
False
5. The tone and language of the travel agent is friendly.
True
False
6. The name of the travel agency is “ Holiday Tours”
True
False
7. By the end of the conversation, Maya decides on her summer vacation
destination.
True
False

Activity 2
Multiple Choice
Maya and the Travel Agent: After the Trip
Instructions to student: Maya has returned from her trip to Bunyol, Spain and she is
calling the same travel agency again. Listen carefully and answer the questions that
follow.
Travel Agent: Happy Tours Travel Agency, how may I help you?
Maya: Oh Hi! This is Maya. Do you remember me?
Travel Agent: Of course I do! How are you, how was Spain? I hope you had a
terrific vacation.
Maya: I can’t thank you enough. It was wonderful; your agency is the best. I am
actually calling to compliment you on your perfect arrangements. Everything
was beautiful.
Travel Agent: That is excellent news. I am glad we were able to help you.

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Maya: You really made my holiday. Imagine this, my room was over looking the route
of the tomato truck, I was sitting there on the Veranda with a full view of
people. People were in the streets and they were throwing tomatoes at each
other. I had such a great time. I didn’t even go into the streets because I
could see everything from my room.
Travel Agent: That sounds like great fun!
Maya: Yes, and the room and the food was just perfect. I had a very nice vacation
and took lots of pictures. I am sending you some of these tonight. You are
going to see for yourself.
Travel Agent: I will look forward to receiving your pictures, and I am happy our
arrangements made your vacation such a pleasant one.
Maya: Oh, yes, and I am going to recommend your travel agency to everyone I know.
Thanks again, you are my favorite travel agency.
Travel Agent: Happy to serve you, we are Happy Tours after all!
1. Maya is calling the travel agency to:
a. thank them for their service.
b. complain about her flight arrangements.
c. complain about the hotel.
2. Maya’s accommodation was:
a. very close to the festival.
b. very far from the festival.
c. in a different city than the festival.
3. Maya:
a. was not happy with the food and the room she stayed in.
b. was very pleased with the room and food.
c. did not say anything about her feelings regarding the room and food.
4. The view from Maya’s room:
a. was so bad she had to go down to the street.
b. was so good that she didn’t need to go down to the street.
c. was not mentioned in her conversation with the travel agent.
5. At the end of the conversation, Maya tells the travel agent that:
a. she will recommend the agency to everyone she knows.
b. she will recommend the agency o her friends only.
c. she will recommend the agency to her workmates only.

Pronunciation

Pronunciation Focus
Syllables

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What are syllables and why are they important? Syllables are what make up words and
every word must have at least one syllable. Syllables depend on sounds and not the
number of letters in a word. For example, the word walk has four letters, but when we
say the word it has just one syllable.
Another example is the word beautiful, this word has nine letters, but when we say it,
we can divide it into three syllables. These are beau-ti-ful
Syllables are important because they help you spell and pronounce words better. Some
syllables are found in many English words.
For example:
celebration- coronation- dehydration
quietly- quickly- neatly
nearer-clearer- smarter

Activity 1
Circle It
Odd One Out
Instructions to students: Circle the word that does not have the same number of
syllables as the rest in the group.
1. because- decided- happy
2. festival- carnival- parade
3. exercise-typical-amazement
4. acrobat-clown- forgetful
5. holiday- entertain- laughter
6. lived-mixed-bugged
7. loaned-signed-painted
8. heaped-fanned-appeared

Activity 2
Write It
How many Syllables?
Instructions to students: How many syllables do these words have? Write the correct
number of syllables into the spaces provided.
For example: big has 1 syllable
information
spectators
locals-
understand
back
assignment
race
homework
syllable
decoration
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amazing
grammar
reading
vocabulary
pronunciation
speaking
language
test
celebration-
musical

Activity 3
Offline Activity
Find the Words
Instructions to students: Now it is your turn to find words with syllables. Follow the
instructions below and your instructor will provide you with instructions about how to
submit the assignment.
1. 4 words that are nouns that have 1 syllable

2. 2 words that are verbs that have 2 syllables

3. 3 words that are adjectives that have 3

syllables

4. 2 words that are adverbs and have 2 syllables

Speaking
Ice Breaker
Activity 1
Offline Activity
Guess the Festival
Instructions to students: Can you guess the festival that the other teams have selected?
1. Form teams of 5.

2. With your teammates, choose a festival and research it online.

3. Think of the questions that the other teams may ask you to guess the
festival you’ve selected and find the answers to those questions.

4. In class, you will compete with the other teams.

5. Each member will be responsible for asking and answering a question.

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 ELEMENTARY

Unit 6 Festivals and Celebrations Student File

6. The team that can guess the most festivals will win the game.

Activity 2
Offline Activity
Mini Presentation
Instructions to students: Now that you have researched the festivals during Activity 1,
simply follow the instructions below to complete this activity.
1. Each team must prepare a short presentation about the festival they have selected.
2. Your team leader will be required to stand up to give a presentation in front of your
classmates. Use complete and correct sentences to describe your festival.
3. The following questions can help you:
a. What is it called?
b. What kind of festival is it, religious, cultural, etc.
c. How long is it?
d. Is it popular?
e. Where is it held?
f. Who participates in it?

Writing

“The more you praise and celebrate your life, the more there is in life to
celebrate.” Oprah Winfrey

Activity 1
Offline Activity
Costumes
Instructions to student: Look at the picture below and describe what the people are
wearing.
1. Do your assignment in MS Word.
2. Check it for spelling and errors.
3. Your instructor will advise you about how to submit this assignment in class.

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 Unit 7-099- Eat Well, Stay Healthy

Unit 7: Eat Well, Stay Healthy

WORD LIST

advent: the start or arrival of something new lunges

carbohydrates: one of several substances such as sugar or starch, interval

which provide the body with energy

consult: to discuss something with someone before you make a pyramid

decision

diet: when someone eats less food, or only particular types of food, abdominal
because they want to become thinner or for medical reasons

dumbbells: a short bar with a weight on each end that you lift up crunches
and down to strengthen your arm and shoulder muscles

encourage: to give someone confidence or hope quadriceps

intake: the amount of food or drink that you take into your body hamstrings

magic: special powers that can make things happen that seem gluteus
impossible

noticeable: easy to see or be aware of triceps

nutritionist: an expert who tells you about the food you eat and core
what is healthy and what is not.

obese: being too fat trunk

option: a choice flatten

permanent: continuing forever or for a long time adapt

popular: liked, enjoyed or supported by many people resistance

purpose: why you do something or why something exists muscle

regular: usual or normal lack

squats: to position yourself close to the ground balancing on the relatively

front part of your feet with your legs bent under your body

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Unit 7-099- Eat Well, Stay Healthy

stimulate: to make something happen or develop more balanced

suffer: to experience or show the effects of something difficult, gain

unpleasant or bad

temporary: existing or happening for only a short or limited time target

Vocabulary Focus
Homophones
What are homophones?
Look at the following words
meat- meet
flower- flour
eight-ate
What do you notice about the pronunciation of these words?
Homophones are words that are pronounced the same way, but their spelling and meaning are
different.
Activity 1
Write It
Know your Homophones!
Instructions to students: Type the correct homophones below to the space provided
to make the sentences complete.
ate- flower- meet- No- eight- flour- meat- know
1. Ali ------------ ten apples today.
2. A spider has------------ legs.
3. I bought a white ------------ for my friend.
4. You need ------------, milk, eggs and sugar to make pancakes.
5. They ------------ every week to discuss the results of the students
6. I don’t eat any ------------. I am a vegetarian.
7. He doesn’t ------------ how to bake a cake.
8. ------------. You cannot leave your books on the ground. Pick them up!

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Unit 7-099- Eat Well, Stay Healthy

Activity 2
Write It
Crossword Puzzle
Instruction to student: Read the clues to the crossword puzzle and write the answer
into the correct spaces. Insert Image HEre

ACROSS
4 You can use -------------or barbells when doing the bent-over row exercises
6 John----------- from many problems because of his obese weight.
8 You need to reduce your ----------of salt. Too much salt can be bad for your health.
DOWN
1 Going on a diet especially in the summer is a very -----------activity in the US.
2 ----------- like sugar and potatoes provide your body with energy.
3 Two good exercises for your upper body parts are -------- and lunges.
5 You should ----------with your academic advisor before you change your major.
7 A healthy--------consists of eating balanced food and exercising regularly.

Activity 3
Point and Click
Hangman
Instructions to students: Read the following clues and try to guess the word. Be
careful! Every wrong choice will bring you closer to the hangman’s rope!
1. why you do something or why something exists
2. being too fat
3. to give someone confidence or hope
4. an expert who tells you about the food you eat and what is healthy and what is not.
5. special powers that can make things happen that seem impossible
6. existing or happening for only a short or limited time

Activity 4
Write It
Jumbled Letters
Instructions to student: Use the definitions below as hints to identify the matching
word from the Word List, then write the word in the space provided.

anagram Definition word

parentmen continuing forever or for a long time

seatmulti to make something happen or develop more

catbeelion easy to see or be aware of

pintoo a choice

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Unit 7-099- Eat Well, Stay Healthy

realrug usual or normal

vatend the start or arrival of something new

Reading
Activity 1
Multiple Choice
Get up and Exercise
Instructions to student: Read the following text about exercise and answer the
multiple choice questions that follow.
If you want to be healthy and look good, then your only option is to eat healthy and to
exercise. Most experts agree that the following exercises are the best to help you burn calories
and stay fit.

According to experts, any workout program should include the following seven exercises:
walking, squats, lunges, push-ups, interval training, bent-over row, and abdominal crunches.
Walking helps burn calories, builds muscle and strengthens your heart. It is also very easy to
do. It does not require any special equipment and all you need is a pair of good shoes.

Squats and lunges work your lower body parts and they also help build muscle. The benefit of
squats and lunges is that they work the largest amount of muscle at the same time. They work
your quadriceps, hamstrings, and gluteus. Lunges, however, are more advanced than squats
and they help improve your balance.

Push-ups are another good exercise to include in your work out because they target a large
group of your upper body muscles. If done correctly, they will exercise your shoulders, chest,
triceps and your core trunk muscles.

A good exercise to flatten your abs and build muscle in the stomach area is abdominal
crunches, but you have to be careful with crunches. If they are done improperly, they could
weaken your abdomen and can cause pain.

The last two types of exercises suggested by the experts are bent over row and interval
training. There are different versions of bent-over row, but the main purpose of this exercise is
lift weight to build back muscle. You can use dumbbells or barbells. This depends on your
fitness level and your muscle strength.

The final exercise is interval training and this is a very important because it teaches your body
to adapt to different speeds and resistance. The whole idea of interval training is to vary the
speed of your exercises, so if you are running for example, increase your speed for a minute or
two and then go back to your regular speed for another 10 minutes and so. This will stimulate
your system and you will end up burning more calories.

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Unit 7-099- Eat Well, Stay Healthy

Whatever exercise you choose to follow, all experts agree that you should warm up, and before
taking up any exercise you should consult your doctor to ensure that you are healthy enough to
start.

1. According to the text, these exercises will help you

a. lose weight only
b. burn calories only
c. burn calories and become fit
2. One of the following exercises does not work the lower body parts:
a. crunches
b. squats
c. lunges
3. A good exercise for building back muscles is:.
a. bent-over row
b. walking
c. push-ups
4. The difference between squats and lunges is that:
a. lunges also help improve your balance as well as exercising lower body parts
b. they target different parts of your body
c. they work your quadriceps, hamstrings, and gluteals
5. According to the text, experts agree that it is ------------------------.
a. important to consult a doctor before adopting any exercise
b. alright to start your own program if you know which exercises to use
c. alright to exercise only when you need to
Activity 2
True or False
The World of Diets
Instructions to students: Read the following text about diets and then decide
whether the statements that follow are true or false.

The advent of fast food combined with lack of exercise is causing many people to suffer from
weight gain and obesity. This has led people to look for solutions that will help them lose those
extra kilos. Going on diet is the most popular solution for weight gain and surely enough there
are many diets to choose from.

Diets come in different shapes and forms. There are some diets that have been around for
many years, while others are relatively new. Some of these diets have become famous because
they offer fast and noticeable results while others have become famous because of the people
who go on them. The South Beach Diet became very popular in the states when it became
known that Bill Clinton goes on this diet to lose weight. Other diets are named after the people
who designed them, such as the Atkins Diet, which has become very famous because it allows
its followers to eat as much fat and protein as they want as long as they don’t eat
carbohydrates.

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Unit 7-099- Eat Well, Stay Healthy

Other are named after the food they encourage eating and still others have been named after
places. Some of these include, the Sonoma Diet, the Jenny Craig Diet, the Liquid Diet, the
Hollywood Diet, the Low- sodium Diet and many more.

Many nutritionists believe that the best diet is a diet that includes a balanced intake of the
different foods on the food pyramid. According to nutritionists there is no magic solution and
there is no single food that will allow you to lose weight and get all the nutrients you need.
Diets are just quick and temporary solutions, but they are not permanent. Once you stop your
diet, if you go back to your ordinary lifestyle, you will gain those kilos back. The only way to
stay fit and healthy is to exercise, eat healthy food and make changes to your lifestyle that will
help you keep fit and healthy.

1. Diets help you lose weight even after you have returned to your old eating habits.
 True
 False
2. Nutritionists recommend that people eat balanced food that covers the different foods
on the food pyramid.
 True
 False
3. The Atkins Diet is famous because Bill Clinton uses it.
 True
 False

4. The reasons behind gain weight and obesity include eating fast food and not exercising.
 True
 False
5. The Atkins Diet does not allow you to eat meat and fatty foods.
 True
 False
Activity 3
Write It
Food Pyramid
Instructions to students: Look at the food pyramid below and write
additional examples of foods that belong in each group of the pyramid.

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 Unit 7-099- Eat Well, Stay Healthy

Grammar
Warm up
Pasta is an important part of the Italian diet.
Tomatoes come in different colors and shapes.
Vegetables are an important source of vitamins.

Q: What do you notice about the underlined words?

Hint: Are the underlined words nouns, adverbs, adjectives or verbs?
Note to students: Check Grammar Focus.
Grammar Focus 1
Countable and Uncountable Nouns
A noun, as you now know, is a naming word. It names a person, place or thing. Nouns are
divided into two types and these are:
1. Countable Nouns
2. Uncountable Nouns

Countable Nouns
Countable nouns are nouns that we can count. for example, pen, tree, computer, apple and
banana. We can say one apple, two apples, and three apples and so on.
Countable nouns can also be singular or plural. So, we can say:
- I gave my brother a banana. (singular)
- I gave my brother some bananas. (plural)
- I ate a carrot yesterday. (singular)
- I ate some carrots yesterday. (plural)

Countable nouns will take the indefinite articles a/ an if the noun is singular, so we say:
- I bought an orange.
- I cooked an egg.

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Unit 7-099- Eat Well, Stay Healthy

- My sister ate a cucumber.

- My brother gave me a cookie.

Remember: We can only use the indefinite articles a/an with the singular countable noun. We
cannot say:
- I bought an oranges. x
- I cooked an eggs. x
- My sister ate a cucumbers. x
- My brother gave me a cookies. x

Countable plural nouns will take the following determiners, some, any, and many.
We usually use some with positive statements, offers and requests:
Statements:
- We have some potatoes
- John wants some tomatoes.
- They need some pens in the classroom.

Offers and Requests:

- Would you like some popcorn?
- Could I have some peas?
- May I have some cherries?

We usually use any with negative statements:

- We don’t have any cups.
- Mike didn’t bring any lemons.
- Salma didn’t buy any potatoes.

We use any with questions:

- Have they got any apples?
- Do they want any books?
- Are there any pens?

We usually use how many to ask about plural countable nouns:

How many apples do we need?
How many books did she buy?
How many computers did he fix?

Uncountable Nouns
Uncountable nouns are nouns that name materials or concepts that we cannot separate into
elements. They cannot be counted. For instance:.
Music, love, information, rice, sugar, butter, meat, travel, work, furniture, electricity, advice,
news, luggage, power, money.

We treat uncountable nouns as singular. This means that we use a singular verb in the
sentence. Here are some examples:
- Your advice is very good.
- This music is beautiful.
- Maya’s furniture looks very expensive.

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Unit 7-099- Eat Well, Stay Healthy

Uncountable nouns will take the following determiners, some, any, and much.
We usually use some with positive statements, offers and requests:
Statements:
- We have some milk
- Jude wants some money.
- They need some help with the house.
Offers and Requests:
- Would you like some tea?
- Could I have some water?
- May I have some rice?
We usually use any with negative statements:
- Mark doesn’t eat any bread.
- Mona didn’t cook any pasta.
- Saleem didn’t drink any soda.
We use any with questions:
- Have they got any milk?
- Do they want any soup?
- Is there any news on the trip?
We usually use how much to ask about uncountable nouns:
- How much paint do we need?
- How much flour do we need for the pizza?
- How much tea does Ben drink in the morning?
Although we cannot count uncountable nouns, there are expressions that can be used to
determine quantities, so we can say
- A bottle of milk
- A bar of chocolate
- A glass of water
- A cup of coffee
- A kilo of rice
- A gram of gold
Activity 1
Write It
Countable and Uncountable Nouns
Instructions to student: This is a list of Salam’s grocery items for this week. Help
her sort her countable and uncountable food items by writing the items under the
appropriate headings in the table below.
bananas- cookies- eggs-onion- meat- bread- coffee- strawberry- cheese-cucumber-
butter-fish- ice-figs
Countable Uncountable

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Unit 7-099- Eat Well, Stay Healthy

Activity 2
Type It
Forming Questions
Instructions to student: Fill in the blanks with much or many.
1. How ------------- carrots does he eat?
2. How ------------- rice do you need for this recipe?
3. Did they say how ------------- oil is needed to fry the fish?
4. How ------------- peaches does it take to make peach pie?
5. How ------------- coffee do you drink every day?
6. Do they have ------------ orange trees in their orchard?
7. How ------------- water does it take to make a jug of juice?
8. How ------------- raisins do you have in your plate?

Activity 3
Write It
Countable and Uncountable Noun Crossword Puzzle
Instructions to students: Read the clues to the crossword puzzle and type the
answers into the spaces provided in the puzzle.

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 Unit 7-099- Eat Well, Stay Healthy

Listening
Activity 1
True or False?
Chocolate Cake Recipe

Instructions to students: In the following audio, you will hear Julia as she explains
how to make chocolate cake. Decide whether the statements that follow are true or
false.
This is the best chocolate cake recipe ever, and it is very easy to make. The first thing you need
to do is preheat your oven to 180 degrees and grease your pan with butter. Once you do that,
you can turn to the ingredients. Those are: 2 cups of flour, ¾ cup of cocoa, 2 cups of sugar, 2
teaspoons of baking soda, 1 teaspoon salt, 2 large eggs, 1 cup butter milk, 1 cup oil, 1cup
boiling water and 1 1/2 tablespoons vanilla extract.

Now to the recipe itself. It is so easy! all you need to do now is put all these ingredients in one
bowl and beat at medium speed until it all becomes smooth.

The next step is to take your mixture and put it in the greased pan and into the oven. It will
take around an hour to bake, so don’t open the oven before 40 minutes have passed. To check
for doneness, insert a knife into the cake, if it is done, the knife will come out clean. Let it cool
and then enjoy!

1. Julia’s cake requires a 180 degree heated oven.

True
False
2. This recipe does not include water.
True
False
3. According to Julia, this is a very difficult recipe to make.
True
False
4. You need to grease the pan before you start making the cake.
True
False
5. According to Julia, you should open the oven after 20 minutes.
True
False
6. You can tell that the cake is ready when the knife comes out clean.
True
False
Activity 2
Multiple Choice
Making Reservations

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Unit 7-099- Eat Well, Stay Healthy

Instruction to student: Jude wants to try Spices which is a new restaurant that has
opened in town. Listen to the following conversation between Jude and the host at
the restaurant carefully and then answer the multiple choice questions that follow.
Host: Welcome to Spices. How may I help you?
Jude: Hello, I’d to make a reservation for dinner please?
Host: Wonderful. What time would you like to make the reservation for?
Jude: Tomorrow night at 8:00?
Host: Oh, I am terribly sorry, but the restaurant is fully booked tomorrow. We have a wedding
party, and they have booked the entire restaurant.
Jude: Oh, I didn’t realize that you cater for wedding parties!

Host: Oh yes, we do. We cater for all sorts of parties and functions.

Jude: And do you have any wedding parties scheduled for the night after?

Host: No, not really, we have a small birthday party though!

Jude: But you still can accommodate a dinner reservation, can’t you?

Host: Yes, that shouldn’t be a problem. At what time would you like to dine?

Jude: 8:00.

Host: How many people will be joining you, Madam?

Jude: It is for 2 actually, my husband and myself.

Host: Okay then, let me just write this down, so is a dinner party on the 15th of the month at 8
o’clock, and may I have your name please?

Jude: Jude White.

Host: We will be looking forward to your visit then Mrs. White and have a nice day!

Jude:Tthank you and same to you.

1. The name of the restaurant is:

a. Sugar and Spice
b. Salt and Spice
c. Spices
2. Jude wants to make reservations for :
a. birthday party
b. dinner
c. wedding
3. The host informs Jude that:
a. he cannot accommodate her first choice.
b. he cannot accommodate her second choice.

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 Unit 7-099- Eat Well, Stay Healthy

c. he cannot make a reservation for her at all.

4. The reason the restaurant is fully booked on the first night is because:
a. they are celebrating a birthday party
b. they are hosting a wedding
c. they are hosting a different function
5. Jude manages to book a reservation for:
a. the 15th of the month
b. 13th of the month
c. the 14th of the month.

Pronunciation

Syllables
In the previous unit, we discussed the importance of syllables. In this unit, we will discuss
some rules that will make it easier for you to identify syllables successfully.
Remember: The rules do not apply to all the words in English. There will always be exceptions.
1. Every syllable must have a vowel. Examples: man, please, drop, team.
2. If a syllable ends with a consonant and the syllable has one vowel, then it will be a short
vowel. Examples: cat, pit, miss
3. When a syllable ends in a silent –e. When we don’t say this sound, this means that the
vowel at the beginning is long. Examples: gene, make, use.
4. Endings such as –ing, -er, -est usually form separate syllables. Examples: smarter,
writing, cheapest.
Activity1
Circle It
Odd One out
Instructions to students: Circle the word that does not have the same number of
syllables.
1. bed- head- beaded- fed
2. family- favourite-terrible- experience
3. vegetable- apple- coffee- orange
4. purpose- advent- permanent- suffer
5. diet- go- eat- milk

Activity 2
Write It
How Many Syllables?
Instructions to student: Write the words that have 1, 2 and 3 syllables into the
spaces provided for them.
fruit- exciting- lemon- dangerous- bananas- water- pasta- meat- tea- strawberries-
carbohydrates

One syllable Two Syllables Three Syllables

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 Unit 7-099- Eat Well, Stay Healthy

Activity 3
Circle It!
Extra Syllables
Instructions to student: Circle the word that has an extra syllable in the plural.
1. eye- eyes
2. orange-oranges
3. apple-apples
4. book-books
5. watch-watches
6. house-houses
7. toothbrush-toothbrushes
8. mug-mugs
Speaking
Activity 1
Offline Activity
Mystery Fruit or Vegetable!
Instructions to student: Can you guess which fruit or vegetable the other teams
have selected.?
1. Form teams of 5.

2.With your teammates, choose an exotic fruit or vegetable and research it online.

3. Think of questions that the other teams may ask you to guess the fruit or
vegetable you’ve selected and find the answers to those questions.

4. In class, you will compete with the other teams.

5. Each member will be responsible for asking and answering a question.

6. The team that can guess the most fruits and vegetables will win the game.

Activity 2
Offline Activity
What’s your Favorite Food?
Instructions to students: What’s your favorite food? Look up the recipe for your
favorite food and then describe it to your classmates. Your instructor will ask you to
stand in front of class and describe the contents and the way this food is made.

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 Unit 7-099- Eat Well, Stay Healthy

Writing
Activity 1
Eating Habits
Instructions to Students: Write a short paragraph describing your daily eating
habits.

These questions may help you:

a. How many meals do you eat a day?

b. Do you pay attention to the kind of food you eat?

c. What are your favorite types of food?

d. Is food related to your feelings?

1. Do your assignment in MS Word.

2. Check it for spelling and errors.

3. Your instructor will provide you with instructions in class about how to submit this
assignment.

15
 Unit 8 Art and Literature

Unit 8: Art and Literature

WORD LIST

anonymous: unknown, not giving a name amuse

appreciation: when you understand how good something or someone is and are awestruck
able to enjoy them

canvas: a piece of cloth used for a painting blessing

controversial: causing a lot of disagreement or argument blossom

emerging: to become known compact

entertain: to keep someone interested and help them to have an enjoyable time create

fable: a short, traditional story, usually involving animals, which is intended to dew
show people how to behave

genre: a type of art or writing with a particular style drip

inscriptions: words that are written or cut in something extend

moral: something you learn from a story or event about how to behave fame

narration: to tell the story in a book, film, play, etc flattered

poetry: poems in general, or the writing of poetry impart

scratched: to make a slight cut or long, thin mark with a sharp object intrigued

specific: used to refer to a particular thing and not something general oral

syllables: a word or part of a word that has one vowel sound parable

talent: a natural ability to do something permission

treasure: a very valuable object philosophy

vandalism: the crime of intentionally damaging things in public places pray

vast: extremely big attitude

violations: to not obey a law, rule, or agreement wealth

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 Unit 8 Art and Literature

Vocabulary
Vocabulary Focus

Idioms

An idiom is an expression that contains a number of words that have a particular meaning that
is different from the meanings of each word understood on its own. This means that when
these words come together, they create a special meaning that is completely different from the
meanings of each word. Almost every language has its own idioms and knowing the idioms of a
certain language show the proficiency of the speaker in that language. Idioms cover almost all
aspects of life. There are idioms on sports, food, clothes, animals, love, colors and so on. The
English language enjoys a lot of idioms and they are used in both writing and speech. Here are
some examples on English idioms relating to colors.

1. The meeting provided Sam with a golden opportunity to present his schedule.
(perfect chance)
2. The director gave his employees the green light to start working on the project.
(permission)
3. I passed my Literary writing exam with flying colours.( with high marks and distinction)
4. Salma was green with envy after seeing her friend’s costume for the play. (jealous)
5. Graffiti artist who are caught red handed vandalising public property with paint are sent
to jail. (caught doing something you should not be doing)
Activity 1
Write It
Jumbled Letters

Instructions to students: Look at the jumbled letters (anagrams) below. Arrange

them into words that match one of the definitions provided below, and write the
words in the space provided. Some of them are very challenging. Are you feeling
brave?
Anagram Definition Correct Answer

laor related to speech, spoken

sacvan a piece of cloth used for a

painting

green a type of art or writing with

a particular style

rainraton to tell the story in a book,

film, play, etc

2
Unit 8 Art and Literature

latent a natural ability to do

something

unsaymoon unknown, not giving a

name

Activity 2
Write It
Complete the Sentences
Instructions to students: Write one of the words below in the appropriate blanks
provided in the sentences.
fame, flattered, amused, emerged, fable, attitude, literature
1. Elvis Presley rose to ------------ in the 1950’s.
2. The actor was ------------ by the number of people who came to see his play.
3. Graffiti ------------ as a new art form in the late 80’s and 90’s.
4. ------------ are short stories that have a moral at the end.
5. The comedian ------------ the viewers with his jokes.
6. People’s ------------ towards many new art forms are changing and becoming more
favourable.
7. Art and ------------ are two important aspects of any civilization.

Activity 3
Hangman
Instructions to students: Read the following clues and try to guess the missing
word. Be careful! Every wrong choice will bring you closer to the hangman’s rope!
1. ------------: extremely big
2. ------------: words that are written or cut in something
3. ------------: something you learn from a story or event about how to behave
4. ------------: causing a lot of disagreement or argument
5. ------------: a word or part of a word that has one vowel sound
6. ------------: to not obey laws, rules or agreements

Activity 4
Offline Activity
Sentence Construction
Instructions to students: Build your own sentences using words from this list. Your
instructor will advise you on how to submit this assignment in class.
1. intrigue
2. impart
3. philosophy
4. extend
5. create
6. parable
7. permission

Activity 5

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 Unit 8 Art and Literature

Write It
Word Search
Instructions to students: Search for words from the Word List in the square below.
Once you identify a word, type it into one of the spaces provided on the side. Use
the provided definitions to determine the words.

H T L A E W X R P U I R
J Y A T T I T U D E J H
H O I G L J P O O J G A
L I Y A R P J W S L N B
M D B K H W D Y J Z I L
N I A T R E T N E M S O
J G M O R A L B H G S S
M M S I L A D N A V E S
C O U L S X H Z F R L O
X C M L C V D U G G B M
T Y R T E O P S T X V M
O J N C I F I C E P S B

1. a feeling or opinion about something or someone, or a way of behaving that is caused

by this
2. a small flower, or the small flowers on a tree or plant
3. to ask for God's help and protection for someone or something
4. to keep a group of people interested or amused
5. something you learn from a story or event about how to behave
6. poems in general
7. to speak to god in order to show your feelings or to ask for something
8. used to refer to a particular thing and not something general
9. the crime of intentionally damaging things in public places
10. when someone has a lot of money or valuable possessions

Activity 6
Offline Activity
Idioms
Instructions to students:
1. Use the Internet to search for idioms.
2. Choose a certain category .e.g. sports, food, health, etc.
3. Choose at least five idioms from that category.
4. Write sentences using those idioms using MS Word.
5. Your instructor will advise you about how to submit this assignment in class.
Reading
Activity 1
Multiple Choice
Graffiti

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Unit 8 Art and Literature

Instructions to student: Read the following article and then answer the multiple
choice questions that follow.

Art is a vast field that covers different forms and genres. The word art itself is used
mainly to refer to the visual arts, but it has been known to extend itself to literature, music, and
many other forms. Many of these forms have been around for a long time, but some new and
controversial forms are emerging every day, making it difficult to precisely define the word art.

Among the many art forms gaining popularity in the recent years is graffiti. Graffiti,
however, did not just come out of the blue. Graffiti is actually as ancient as the ruins of Rome
and Egypt. The word graffiti used to refer to the drawings and inscriptions found on the walls
of ancient Rome, Pompeii and other ancient civilizations. Today it is used to refer to any
writings or drawings of letters that are drawn, scratched or scribbled on walls and different
properties.

In many countries, graffiti is considered an act of vandalism, especially if it is done

without the permission of the owner of the property, or in violation of the laws of the country.
It is one of the most controversial art forms and many refuse to consider as an art form.

A graffiti artist’s main tools are spray paint and markers. He uses walls and structures as
his canvas. Some graffiti work expresses political views and attitudes, while others are mainly
artistic and show the artistic talents of the graffiti artist.

Graffiti has come a long way since the days of ancient Rome and Egypt. There are
visible examples of graffiti in the Middle East, the United States, the UK and many other
countries. Galleries and exhibitions are further reinforcing the position of graffiti as an
established art form and graffiti artists receive the red carpet treatment wherever they go and
are called upon to show their talents all over the world.

1. According to the text, art-----------------------------.

a. is a very narrow field
b. only covers the visual arts
c. is very flexible and encompasses many different forms.
2. Graffiti --------------.
a. is considered an art form in all countries
b. is considered an art form in some countries
c. is not considered an art form at all.
3. We understand from the text that -------------.

a. ancient civilizations had inscriptions on their walls

b. ancient people hated graffiti
c. ancient countries used graffiti as an art form
4. The text claims that-------------------.
a. many countries are showing examples of graffiti

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b. only ancient ruins in Rome show examples of graffiti

c. only Pompeii and Rome are showing current examples of graffiti as an
art form
5. A gGraffiti artist------------------.
a. uses highly technological tools for his work
b. uses basic painting tools as his tools
c. uses only walls and structures as his tools
Activity 2
True or False
Haiku
Instructions to students: Read the passage below and decide whether the
statements that follow are true or false.
Poetry is an important part of the literature of any civilization. The Japanese civilization
is no different and it has different types of poetry, but one of the most interesting types of
Japanese poetry is Haiku. So what is Haiku?

Haiku is a very short poem that usually describes everyday events, feelings or nature. It
uses simple language and grammar and the main aim of a poem is to paint an image in the
mind of the reader. The poem itself is very compact and it combines form, content and
language.

Haiku is usually written in three short lines. These lines follow a specific order. The first
line usually has five syllables, the second line seven, and the third line another five, making the
total 17 syllables. A good Haiku poet will be able to create a picture in the mind of the reader
using these three lines. Although most Haiku poems seem to be about simple images, they
usually carry a deeper meaning, a lesson on life or a certain philosophy.

The following poem is an example of a Haiku poem:

The Rose
By Donna Brock
The red blossom bends
and drips its dew to the ground.
Like a tear it falls
1. Haiku originated in Japan. T F
2. Haiku does not follow any order whatsoever. T F
3. The purpose of Haiku is to create a mental image in the mind of the reader. T F
4. Haiku’s language is very difficult while its grammar is quite simple. T F
5. Haiku follows an order of 7-5-7 syllables. T F
6. Haiku covers political and religious topics. T F
7. In the Haiku poem entitled The Rose, the author is referring to rain falling on a flower.
T F

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 Unit 8 Art and Literature

Grammar
Warm up
Sculpting is more difficult than painting
Shakespeare is the best playwright in English Literature.
Novels are longer than short stories.
Hint: What do you notice about the underlined words?
Answer: All of the underlined words are in comparative or superlative form.
Note to students: Check Grammar Focus.

Grammar Focus 1
Comparatives and Superlatives
In previous units, we learned that adjectives describe nouns. They give more information
about the noun they describe.
Adjectives can also be used to compare nouns. When they are used for comparison, they
are usually used in the comparative or superlative form.
There are certain rules for making the comparative and superlative of adjectives. The
following table will help you understand these rules and will provide you with examples
concerning each of these rules.
Adjective Form Comparative Superlative

most adjectives add –er add –est

smart, bright, smarter, brighter smartest, brightest

adjectives ending with –e add –r add –st

close, fine closer, finer closest, finest

adjectives of one syllable double the last consonant double the last consonant
ending with single vowel and and add –er and add- est
consonant bigger, hotter biggest, hottest
big, hot

adjectives with two syllables remove the –y and add -ier remove the –y and add –iest
ending in –y prettier, happier prettiest, happiest
pretty, happy

adjectives with more than add (more) before the add (most) before the
two syllables adjective adjective

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Unit 8 Art and Literature

expensive, beautiful more expensive, more most expensive , most

beautiful beautiful.

adjectives that are irregular change completely into change completely into
good, bad better, worse best, worst

How to use comparatives and superlatives?

Comparatives are used to compare between two things. Look at these examples:

- Sarah is taller than Mike.

- Picasso’s paintings are more expensive than Andy Warhol’s paintings.
- The pyramids are bigger than the Sphinx.

We usually use than after the comparative adjective.

Superlatives are used to compare between more than two things. Here are some examples:
- Sarah is the smartest in her class.
- Amman is the most expensive city in Jordan.
- The Mona Lisa is the most famous painting in the Louvre.

We usually use the before the superlative adjective.

Activity 1
Write It
Comparative and Superlative
Instructions to students: Write the comparative or superlative form of the adjective
to the appropriate blank in the table.
kinder- most astonishing- heaviest- whiter- more amazing- finer- worst- hotter-
biggest- more expensive- better- most shocking- fanciest- wisest

Comparative Superlative

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Activity 2
Fill in the Blanks
Complete the Sentences
Instructions to student: Fill in the blanks by writing the correct form of the adjective
in the comparative or superlative to complete the sentences.
1. The Cheetah is ------------ than the lion. (fast)
2. The whale is the ------------ sea animal. (big)
3. John is ------------ than Peter. (tall)
4. Novels are ------------ than short stories. (long)
5. My brother is the ------------ in my family. (old)
6. Apples are ------------ than oranges. (delicious)
7. Dolphins are ------------ than whales. (smart)
8. Johanna is the ------------ person I have ever met. (wise)
9. Arabic is ------------ than English. (difficult)
10. Mike is the ------------ student in his school. (good)

Activity 3
Fill in the Blanks
Complete the Table

Instructions to student: Fill in the blanks by writing the correct form of the
comparative or superlative.
Adjective Comparative Superlative
quiet
reddest
paler
moody
more talented
most colourful
satisfactory

Activity 4
Multiple Choice
Correct Spelling
Instructions to students: Choose the correct answer by clicking on the radio button.
1. The comparative of “large” is:
a. larger
b. largest
c. most larg
2. The comparative of “light” is:
a. lighter
b. more light

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c. lightier
3. The comparative of “charming” is:
a. more charming
b. charminger
c. charminggest
4. The comparative of “bad” is:
a. worse
b. badder
c. baddier
5. The superlative of “ugly” is:
a. ugliest
b. uglyiest
c. most uglyiest
6. The superlative of “destructive” is:
a. most destructive
b. destructivist
c. more destructive
7. The superlative of “soft” is:
a. softest
b. most softer
c. softtest
8. The superlative of “dramatic” is:
a. most dramatic
b. dramaticer
c. dramaticest

Activity 5
Circle It
Odd One Out
Instructions to students: Circle the word that does not belong in the group. You
will have to think of the comparative or the superlative of the words in order to
answer correctly.
1. big- cold- fit- wet
2. pretty- heavy- happy- handsome
3. fruitful- expensive- large- beautiful
4. close- fine- cute- fast

Activity 6
Underline It
Spotty and Blackie
Instructions to students: Read about Mary and her cats and underline the correct
answer to complete the sentences.
Mary has two cats. Their names are Spotty and Blackie. Spotty is (big/bigger/biggest), and
(old/older/oldest) than Blackie, but Blackie is (smart/smarter/smartest) and (playful/ more
playful/most playful) than Spotty. Blackie likes to jump and play, while Spotty likes to sleep all
day long. Mary likes both her cats. She thinks that she has the (good/better/best) cats in the
world.

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 Unit 8 Art and Literature

Listening
Activity 1
Multiple Choice
A Native American Poem
Instructions to students: Listen to the following Native American poem and then
answer the multiple choice questions that follow.

I SAID A PRAYER FOR YOU TODAY

I said a prayer for you today,

And know God must have heard.
I felt the answer in my heart,
Although He spoke no word...
I didn't ask for wealth of fame,
I knew you wouldn't mind.
I asked Him to send treasures
Of a more lasting kind.
I asked that He'd be near you,
At the start of each new day.
To grant you health and blessings
And friends to share your way.
I asked for happiness for you
In all things great and small
But it was for His loving care
I prayed the most of all!

Anonymous

1. The poet is:

a. Indian
b. Native American
c. Chinese
2. The poet does not mention one of these as part of his prayer:
a. friends
b. health
c. success in work
3. We understand from the poem that some of the treasures that the poet
wishes for his friend are related to:
a. money
b. fame

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Unit 8 Art and Literature

c. happiness
4. According to the poem, the most important thing he prayed for was:
a. God’s care
b. happiness
c. good friends
5. The word in the poem that means “having a lot of money” is:
a. wealth
b. fame
c. reputation
6. According to the poem, when did the poet say his prayer?
a. tonight
b. today
c. everyday

Activity 2
True or False
The Parable of the Most Beautiful Woman
Instructions to students: Listen to the following parable and then decide whether
the statements that follow are true or false.
The Most Beautiful Woman

There was a man walking on the beach who looked up and saw the most beautiful girl
he had ever seen. He was awestruck, captured, stunned by her beauty. He could do nothing
but forget everything and follow her. He was so intrigued by her beauty that he followed her for
hours on the beach.

For a long time she did not notice him following, but eventually the beautiful woman
turned around and asked the man who he was, and why he was following her. The man
explained that he was so captured by her beauty, that he had never seen any woman as
beautiful as she was, that he could not help but to follow her, that she was the most beautiful
woman he had ever seen, and would she be his.

The woman replied, "I am very flattered at such a compliment, but surely this cannot be
true, for if you had turned to look behind you, you would have seen my sister who has been
following you, and she is ten times more beautiful than me." The man turned to look, and saw
a homely looking girl behind him. He turned to the other woman and said, "I'm confused, your
sister is not more beautiful than you. Why would you tell me that? You lied to me."

The woman looked at him and said, "And you lied also, for you turned your head."

Anonymous

1. According to the story, the man was walking on the beach when he first saw the
woman. T F
2. The man followed the woman because he wanted to give her something. T F

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3. The woman noticed that the man was following her after a short while. T F
4. The woman was flattered by the man’s comment. T F
5. According to the woman, her sister is less beautiful than her. T F
6. The man believes that the woman’s sister is more beautiful than the woman. T F
7. We understand from the last part of the story, that if the man was truthful about the
woman’s beauty, he would not have turned to look at her sister. T F

Pronunciation
Pronunciation Focus
Word Stress
Every English word has one stressed syllable. Although a word may have more than one
syllable, only one syllable in the word will be louder, longer and higher in sound. Word stress is
important because it helps people understand what you say and it gives language its rhythm
When trying to understand word stress, you need to remember that:
1. A word has only one main stress. It cannot have more than one main stress. Long words
may have two stresses, but the second stress is very weak compared to the primary or
main stress.
2. Only vowels are stressed. Consonants cannot be stressed.

Here are some flexible rules for word stress in English. But be careful, these rules are
not fixed and there are many exceptions.

Type of Word Rule Example

Two-syllable nouns apple

stress on the first syllable
Two syllable adjectives happy

Most two-syllable verbs stress on the last syllable begin

decide

Compound nouns stress on the first syllable toothbrush

football

Compound adjectives stress on the second part bad-tempered

old-fashioned

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Words ending in –ic, -sion, stress on the second syllable television

and-tion from the end graphic

Words ending in -cy, -ty, stress is on the third syllable photography

-gy, -phy, and –al from the end critical

Remember: These are only guidelines. There are many exceptions.

Activity 1
Circle It
Stress Placement
Instructions to students: Listen to the following words and then circle the part of
the word you think should have the stress.
1. pencil
2. society
3. table
4. student
5. artist
6. literature
7. computer
8. understand
9. vocabulary
10. mysterious

Activity 2
Write It
Verb or Noun
Instructions to students: Listen to the words and decide whether the word you hear
is a verb or a noun based on the stress. Write a V or an N beside the word to
indicate your answer.
1. permit
2. present
3. record
4. release
5. progress
6. contract
7. object
8. import

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Activity 3
Write It
Word Stress
Instructions to students: Write the words in the appropriate column according to
their stress placement.
chocolate- tomatoes- employee- energetic- delicious- business- volunteer-
dangerous- classify- production- permission
Stress on First Stress on Second Stress on Third

Activity 4
Multiple Choice
Odd One Out
Instructions to students: Click on the word that doesn’t belong in the group based
on the placement of the stress.
1. center-flower- arrange-visual
2. flexible-ability- necessity- ancient
3. occasion-permission- conclusion- qualification
4. recognize- secretary- integrate- Chinese
5. explosion-definition-proficient- energetic

Speaking
Activity 1
Offline Activity
Poetry Appreciation
Instructions to students:
1. Use the internet or the library to find a poem you like.
2. Download or print this poem.
3. Read it at home and be prepared to recite it in front of class.
4. Be prepared to answer questions related to the poem from your instructor
and classmates.
5. Some of these questions may be about the poem itself, your reasons for
selecting the poem and so on.

Activity 2
Offline Activity
Favorite Writer
Instructions to students: Prepare a 2 minute presentation about your favorite
writer, poet or artist. Your instructor will call upon you to deliver your presentation
in front of class.

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 Unit 8 Art and Literature

Writing
Activity 1
Offline Activity
Literary Genres
Instructions to students: Below is a short paragraph that describes two literary
genres:
1. Read the paragraph, then
2. Using MS Word, write a draft using the information in the paragraph to
compare between the two genres.
3. Check your draft and correct it for any mistakes.
4. Your instructor will advise you on how to submit this assignment in class.

Parables and fables are two enjoyable and easy to read literary genres. They share some
characteristics, but they differ in others. To start with, both are short simple tales that convey a
moral or a lesson. They were told by storytellers thousands of years ago and were passed from
generation to generation through oral narration and writing. They are different in that fables
usually use animals and plants and give them human qualities while parables do not use
animals, objects or plants as characters in telling a story. Some argue that parables are only
used to illustrate a religious lesson, while fables are more general in their scope and nature.
The term parable, however, is not limited to religious parables and can also cover a wide scope
of subjects. Another difference between the two is that fables can also be used to entertain and
amuse the reader while a parable’s main goal is to impart a moral lesson; it does not aim to
amuse.

Activity 2
Offline Activity
Haiku
Instructions to student: Now it’s Your Turn to Write!
1. In MS Word, try to write the first draft of a Haiku poem.
2. Check the first draft with a classmate and correct any mistakes.
3. Save your second draft.
4. You will receive instruction in class about how to submit the assignment.

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 English 099 Unit 9 Adventures and Experiences

Word List
accelerate: to move faster altitude
avoid: to stay away from a person, place, situation, etc awareness
conquer: to succeed in stopping or dealing with a bad feeling or chasing
a difficult problem
dread: to feel worried or frightened about something that has designated
not happened yet
empower: to give someone the confidence, skills, freedom, etc enable
to do something
expedition: an organized journey, especially a long one for a entail
particular purpose
float: to stay or move gently through the air or water gain
freefall: the part of a parachutist's jump before the parachute is grip
opened
Hang gliding: the sport of flying using a structure covered in indicate
cloth that you hang from
intense: extreme or very strong parachute
irrational: behavior based on your emotions and not on good positioning
reasons.
jungle: an area of land, usually in tropical countries, where trees shark
and plants grow close together
maneuver: to move with care or skill stability
obstacle: something that makes it difficult for you to go tandem
somewhere or to succeed at something
phobia: an extreme fear of something technique
scuba diving: a sport in which you swim under water using whitewater
special equipment for breathing
simulator: a machine on which people can practice operating a zone
vehicle or an aircraft without having to drive or fly
steer away: stay away from something so that you are not skills
touching it
survival: when someone or something continues to live or exist, harness
especially after a difficult or dangerous situation
vertical: pointing straight up from a surface outdoor

Vocabulary
Vocabulary Focus
Phrasal Verbs
Phrasal verbs are an important part of the English language. They are used in spoken and
written English. What are Phrasal verbs? Phrasal verbs are verbs that are made of two parts.
One of these two parts is always a verb. The other part can be a preposition, an adverb or both
and adverb and a preposition.

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English 099 Unit 9 Adventures and Experiences

Here are some examples of phrasal verbs:

1. Look after
2. drop off
3. steer away
4. look up
5. walk away from

Some phrasal verbs are easy to understand, but others are not. This is due to the fact
that when these two words come together, they create a new meaning that is different
from the individual meaning of either of these words.
Learning phrasal verbs will help you improve your understanding of English and it will
increase your proficiency as well.

Activity 1
Jumbled Letters
Instructions to students: Use the definitions below as hints to identify the matching
words from the Word List and then rearrange the letters to form that word.

gulnje an area of land, usually in tropical countries,

where trees and plants grow close together
vivaslur when someone or something continues to live
or exist, especially after a difficult or
dangerous situation
mewepro to give someone the confidence, skills,
freedom, etc to do something
tailairno behavior based on your emotions and not on
good reasons
dinetiepox an organized journey, especially a long one
for a particular purpose
viado to stay away from a person, place, situation,
etc

Activity 2
Fill in the Blanks
Complete the Sentences
Instructions to students: Fill in the blanks with the correct word from the Word List.
Some of the required words will be compound nouns.
1. ------------------------ is an interesting and very challenging sport.
2. Salam has a ------------------------ of spiders. It is called arachnophobia.
3. The flight ------------------------ was fun. We really felt like we were in the air, although
we never left the ground.
4. My friend went on a ------------------------ expedition last month. He was very happy with
his trip
5. The plane’s speed ------------------------ before it took off to the air.

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6. The white ------------------------ is one of the biggest of the shark species.

7. The ------------------------ is the most important equipment of a skydiver.

Activity 3
Hangman
Instructions to students: Read the following clues and try to guess the word. Be
careful! Every wrong choice will bring you closer to the hangman’s rope!
1. ------------------------: pointing straight up from a surface
2. ------------------------: to stay or move gently through the air or water
3. ------------------------: to move with care or skill
4. ------------------------: to succeed in stopping or dealing with a bad feeling or a difficult
problem
5. ------------------------: something that makes it difficult for you to go somewhere or to
succeed at something
6. ------------------------: the part of a parachutist's jump before the parachute is opened

Activity 4
Write It
Extreme Adventures
Instructions to students: Write the matching word to the red space beside each
picture.
scuba diving
hang gliding
African safari
white shark diving
whitewater rafting
Amazon Jungle expeditions
survival training camps
storm chasing

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English 099 Unit 9 Adventures and Experiences

Activity 5
Offline Activity
Sentence Construction
Instructions to students: Build your own sentences using words from this list. Your
instructor will advise you on how to submit this assignment in class.
1. indicate
2. parachute
3. designate
4. zone
5. awareness
6. altitude
7. entail
8. altitude

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 English 099 Unit 9 Adventures and Experiences

Activity 6
Offline Activity
Phrasal Verb Quest
Instructions to students:
1. Read the comprehension pieces in this unit.
2. Identify as many phrasal verbs as you can.
3. Once you have identified these phrasal verbs, build your own sentences using them.
4. Your instructor will advise you on how to submit this assignment in class.

Reading
Activity 1
True or False
Fear or Phobia?
Instructions to students: Read the passage below and decide whether the
statements that follow are true or false. Indicate your choice by writing an F or T
beside the statements that follow the text.
Have you ever felt so afraid of something that this fear stopped you from doing the
things you loved? Well, if you have gone through such an experience, don’t be alarmed, you are
not alone. Many people have experienced the same feelings, albeit about different things. Fear
is a natural and rational emotion and it is part of our daily life. It is usually in response to
dangerous situations. It helps us take care and steer away from danger. Fear, however, can
turn into something more intense and irrational, and can become an obstacle from living an
ordinary life. When fear turns into this unreasonable emotion, then it becomes a phobia.
A phobia is an uncontrollable and irrational fear of things, objects or places, and it is
extremely hard on those suffering from it. They realize that their fear is unreasonable, but they
cannot control it, and they will do whatever they can to avoid being in that place, situation or
event. The word phobia itself is originally Greek and it means fear. There are two types of
phobias: specific phobias and social phobias. Specific phobias include fears of spaces, objects,
animals, doctors, needles etc. For instance, social phobias are related to social situations, such
as being around people, speaking in public, socializing with people you don’t know and so on.
The names of phobias usually end with the suffix phobia at the end of the word to indicate
that they are all related to fear. The following is a list of some of these phobias: the fear of
books is bliophobia, the fear of death or dying things is referred to as necrophobia, the fear of
heights is called altophobia, the fear of people is referred to as anthropophobia, the fear of
riding in a car is called amaxophobia, the fear of taking tests is called testophobia, the fear of
water is called hydrophobia and, finally, the fear of flying is referred to as aviophobia. If you are
interested in learning more about phobias, you might want to look up the word “phobia” online,
and do research on the hundreds of phobias that exist.

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English 099 Unit 9 Adventures and Experiences

1. Fear and phobia are the same thing.

2. Fear is more intense than phobia.
3. Phobia is used in a medical and non medical sense.
4. The word phobia is Latin in origin.
5. The names of phobias usually contain the suffix phobia.
6. The fear of flying is called aviophobia.
7. The article suggests that there are a lot of phobia names online.
8. According to the text, fear does not serve a good purpose.
9. Anthropophobia is the fear of dead people.

Activity 2
Multiple Choice
Skydiving
Instructions to students: Read the following text about skydiving and answer the
questions that follow.
Skydiving is an extreme sport that has gained a lot of popularity in the last few years. Most
people who have tried skydiving claim that it is a life changing experience. Many also say that it
has helped them conquer their fear and has empowered them in ways they did not think
possible, so what is skydiving and what does it entail?
Skydiving is a sport in which a people jump out from a plane from a certain height -- usually
at approximately 4,000 meters -- and then freefall before opening up their parachutes to slow
their fall. They try to guide the parachute to land on the ground on a designated drop zone.
Once the parachute opens up, divers can guide the parachute in air and control its speed by
controlling the steering lines on the parachute. This is done by using toggles, or hand grips. The
speed of the jump is lessened by the opening and maneuvering of the skydiver.
Not all people who want to experience skydiving feel comfortable jumping by themselves.
For this reason, most diving schools provide tandem diving. Tandem diving enables first time
skydivers to jump while harnessed to their skydiving instructors. Tandem diving allows the
jumper to enjoy the experience without having to go through the training. It also allows the
jumper to enjoy the jump rather than worry about steering and pulling the parachute open.

A more sophisticated type of skydiving is called accelerated freefall, but this type of
skydiving requires proper training and many jumps to master the technique. To learn how to
do accelerated freefalls, jumpers are trained on altitude awareness, body positioning and
stability, turning techniques, landing techniques, radio assisted landing and different jumping
techniques.
Many people dread skydiving because of the fear they associate with freefall, but according
to many skydivers, it does not have the same feeling as riding a roller coaster, where you feel
your stomach turning. Instead, you feel as though you are floating with support and you feel
slight air pressure on your body. There are actually a few places in the world where you can
experience skydiving without having to jump from a plane. These are called vertical wind
tunnels or skydiving simulators, which allow you to experience the feelings associated with
freefall, without going through the jump itself.

1. The writer describes skydiving as------------------.

a. an extreme sport

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 English 099 Unit 9 Adventures and Experiences

b. a water sport
c. a difficult sport
2. According to the text, most people fear skydiving because---------------.
a. they have to use a parachute
b. they have to fly in a plane
c. they have to freefall before they open the parachute
3. In a vertical wind tunnel, you can--------------.
a. fly the plan
b. imitate the skydive jump
c. jump from a plane
4. Tandem diving is a form of skydiving that-----------.
a. requires the skydiver to know all sky diving techniques
b. entails mastering all turning positions by the first time jumper
c. allows the jumper to jump while tied to the instructor
5. Accelerated freefall is suitable for-----------.
a. first-time skydivers
b. properly trained skydivers
c. all skydivers regardless of their training.
6. According to the text, many of the people who have tried skydiving think it is ------------.
a. a boring experience
b. too dangerous
c. an experience that has changed their lives

7. The underlined pronoun “it” in the article refers to ------------.

a. the sport of skydiving
b. Tandem diving
c. the jumping experience
8. The underlined word “ master” in the paragraph before last is closest in meaning to------
-----------.
a. become very skilled at something
b. enjoy doing something
c. defeat someone

Grammar
Warm up
Ben has never seen a horror movie.
Jana has given up smoking.
Maya has traveled to the Far East.
Hint: What do the verbs in the sentences have in common?
Answer: The verbs are all in the present perfect tense.

Note to students: Check Grammar Reference 1.

Grammar Focus 1

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English 099 Unit 9 Adventures and Experiences

The Present Perfect Tense

The present perfect tense is formed using the verb to have + the past participle of the main
verb.
The following tables illustrate the different forms of the present perfect tense in the positive,
negative and question forms.

Positive Sentences in the Present Perfect Tense

I

You
have left
We the house.

They

He has left

She

It

Negative Sentences in the Present Perfect Tense

Subject Short form Long Main verb

form

You
haven’t have not crossed the street.
We

They

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English 099 Unit 9 Adventures and Experiences

He

She
hasn’t has not crossed the street.
it

Questions in the Present Perfect Tense

I
the street?
you
Have crossed
we

they

he

Has she crossed the street?

it

Short Answers in the Present Perfect Tense

Have I crossed the street? Yes, I have.

No, I have not.
No, I haven’t.

Have they crossed the street? Yes, they have.

No, they have not.
No, they haven’t.

Have we crossed the street? Yes, we have.

No, we have not.
No, we haven’t.

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English 099 Unit 9 Adventures and Experiences

Have you crossed the street? Yes, you have.

No, you have not.
No, you haven’t.

Has he crossed the street? Yes, he has.

No, he has not.
No, he hasn’t.

Has she crossed the street? Yes, she has.

No, she has not.
No, she hasn’t.

Has it crossed the street? Yes, it has.

No, it has not.
No, it hasn’t.

Wh- Questions in the Present Perfect Tense

they crossed the

Why have street?
we crossed the street?
you crossed the
street?
I crossed the street??

he crossed the street?

Why she crossed the street?
has it crossed the street?

Use of the Present Perfect Tense

We use the Present Perfect Tense to describe:
i) an action that has started in the past and is still continuing now.
I have lived in Jordan for 10 years.
She has worked in this company since 1990.
ii) an action that has started it sometime in the past, but we don’t know when
exactly. The action is more important than the time of the action.
I have gone bungee jumping already. I don’t want to do it again.
Have you ever camped in the desert?

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English 099 Unit 9 Adventures and Experiences

iii) an action that has happened in the past, but its effect is still here.
I have lost my wallet. (It is still missing until now.)
She has broken her leg. (Her leg is still hurting, it hasn’t healed yet.)
Grammar Focus 2
Signal Words
The following words are frequently used in association with the present perfect tense:
just, yet, never, already, ever, so far, up to now, recently, for and since.
Most students find it difficult to use for and since correctly, all you need to do is to remember
that for is used to indicate a period of time:
for 10 years
for a month
for a day
Since , on the other hand is used to show when the time started, so we would say
since last year
since Christmas
since the wedding

Grammar Focus 3
Present Perfect Vs. Simple Past
What is the difference between the present perfect and the simple past?
Present Perfect Simple Past

Unfinished time Finished Time

I have gone scuba diving three times this I went Scuba diving three times
week. last month.

(The week is not over yet) (The month is over)

Recent events and news Older events and news

I have just met Martin. I met Martin last week.

(I have seen him a few minutes ago.) (More time has passed.)

Unspecific time Specific time

I have seen this song already. I saw Tamer Husni’s song last week.

(The time of the action is not important.) (A set time in the past such as last week,
yesterday, last month and so on.)

For and since (unfinished action) For (finished action)

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English 099 Unit 9 Adventures and Experiences

I have lived in Amman for years. I lived in Amman for 2 years.

(I still live there.) (I don’t live there any more.)

Activity 1
Write It
Jumbled Sentences

Instructions to students: Write the words below in the correct order to form
sentences.

1. Sushi/ tried/ever/you/have?
2. haven’t / seen/ movies/ Eid/since/I/any.
3. read/book/this/times/has/Maya/ four.
4. learnt/ have/they/ chess/ play/to
5. coffee/opened/1990/since/has/the/shop
6. best/for/years/friends/been/we/have/many

Activity 2
Fill in the Blanks
Past Participle
Instructions to students: Write the past participle form of the verbs below.
1. begin
2. read
3. catch
4. speak
5. write
6. want
7. hope
8. go
9. play
10. experience
11. enjoy
12. stop
13. run
14. climb
15. hear

Activity 3
Write It
For or Since

Instructions to students: Write the correct words into the spaces provided.

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English 099 Unit 9 Adventures and Experiences

since- for

1. ------------------------ last year

2. ------------------------ three hours
3. ------------------------ a month
4. ------------------------ yesterday
5. ------------------------ my birthday
6. ------------------------ ages
7. ------------------------ last winter
8. ------------------------ January
9. ------------------------ many years
10. ------------------------ last night
11. ------------------------ hundreds of years
12. ------------------------ 1960
13. ------------------------ two minutes
14. ------------------------ ten seconds

Activity 4
Fill in the Blanks
Present Perfect or Simple Past
Instructions to students: Write the correct form of the verb in the simple past or the
present perfect in the spaces provided.

1. Insects ------------------------ on Earth for millions of years.(to exist)

2. I ------------------------ my laptop yesterday, but I found it in my car. (to misplace)
3. The Johnson’s ------------------------ this house for 20 years, and they still don’t have a
living room.(to own)
4. I ------------------------ my sunglasses last week, and I still ------------------------ any new
ones. (to break), (to buy)
5. John ------------------------ my IPod. I don’t have anything to listen to now. (to borrow)
6. When we were young, we ------------------------ in China.( to live)
7. We ------------------------ hang gliding twice before today.( to go)
8. Sarah ------------------------ her exams two days ago.( to finish)
Activity 5
Write It
Complete the Sentences
Instructions to students: Write the correct phrase from the box below to complete
the sentences.
has been- had- have never been- decided- have visited- have encouraged- were
I ------------------------ to Petra before, but many of my friends ------------------------ the rose red
city and they ------------------------ me to go. Last week, I------------------------ to buy a book
about Petra. The book------------------------ many beautiful pictures. So I finally decided to go.
Although the book had many pictures, none of them ------------------------ as beautiful as the real
thing. This visit ------------------------ wonderful.

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English 099 Unit 9 Adventures and Experiences

Activity 6
Multiple Choice
Match the Question to the Statement
Instructions to Students: Write the correct version of the questions that match the
statements below.

1. I saw Ali yesterday.

a. When did you see Ali?
b. Have you seen Ali?

2. I have gone to Syria three times.

a. When did you go to Syria?
b. How many times have you been to Syria?

3. I have lived here for 10 years.

a. How long have you lived here?
b. When did you live here?

4. No, I haven’t.
a. Have you ever flown in a helicopter?
b. Did you ever fly a helicopter?

5. She has crashed her car.

a. What has she done?
b. What did she do?

Activity 7
Fill in the Blanks
Complete the Sentences
Instructions to students: Look at the following table and then fill in the blanks to
complete the sentences. Use the positive or negative form of the verb “have+ past
participle” to complete the sentences.
Tip: You don’t need to use the long form in this exercise. The short form of the
negative will be adequate.

Actions Jamal Ann

Visited the Pyramids
x
Gone Scuba Diving x

Broken an arm
x
Climbed a mountain


Flown a helicopter x x
Camped in the desert x

Seen a tiger
x
Lived in an igloo x x

1. Jamal ---------------- the pyramids but Ann hasn’t.

2. Ann ---------------- scuba diving but Jamal hasn’t.

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 English 099 Unit 9 Adventures and Experiences

3. They ---------------- both ---------------- a mountain.

4. They ---------------- a helicopter.
5. ---------------- Jamal ---------------- an arm? “Yes, he has.”
6. ---------------- Ann ---------------- in the desert? “Yes, she has.”
7. Ann ---------------- a tiger but Jamal has.
8. They ---------------- in an igloo.
9. ---------------- they ---------------- a helicopter? “No, they haven’t.”
Listening
Activity 1
Survival Skills
Instructions to students: Read the passage below and decide whether the
statements that follow are true or false.
If you have thought of going camping in the outdoors, then you must be prepared for
any situation that might emerge. It is important that you have the survival skills necessary to
keep you safe and most importantly, alive.
Keep in mind the following three most important rules of survival. First, you cannot
survive in extremely low temperatures for more than three hours. Second, you cannot survive
for more than 3 days without water and third, you cannot stay alive for more than three weeks
without food.
It is also important to be able to find shelter and light a fire. These skills will provide
you with protection and warmth. It is also important to master the ability to find water and
edible food.
You should also have a good knowledge of first aid. This means that you will be able to
treat any injuries that you may have. Finally, you should also know how to make signals for
rescue should you get lost. All of these survival skills will increase your chances of survival and
will better prepare you to handle any unexpected situation that may arise.
1. Humans cannot survive in hot temperatures for more than three hours.
2. One important survival skill is the ability to find water and food.
3. Knowing First Aid is not important as a survival skill.
4. Survival skills will increase your chances of staying safe.
5. Survival skills are important because they will help you handle unexpected situations
in the outdoors.
6. The three most important rules of survival are related to warmth, water and food.

Activity 2
Multiple Choice
World Traveler
Instructions to students: Listen to the following radio interview and then answer
the multiple choice questions that follow.

Interviewer: Today we are talking to Jenna White, who has traveled around the word.
Welcome to our show Jenna.
Jenna: Thank you. It is good to be here.
Interviewer: Many of our listeners have emailed us with questions about the places you have
been to. Most of them want to know what your favorite place was?

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English 099 Unit 9 Adventures and Experiences

Jenna: hmmmm, that is not an easy question to answer. There have been a number of places
that have left a lasting impression on me, and I would love to have the opportunity to visit
them again.
Interviewer: Can you tell us some of these places?
Jenna: Yes, of course. I went to Egypt last year, and I must say, the Pyramids were fascinating
and the national museum of Egypt was amazing as well. I have also had the chance to go to
Australia, and I was really impressed by Uluru.
Interviewer: Uluru? What is that?
Jenna: Oh, it’s this exotic rock formation in the middle of Australia. It is also known as Ayers
Rock. The natives of Australia or the Aborigines consider it a religious site and it is very sacred
to them.
Interviewer: Interesting! Are there any other places that have left a lasting impression on
you?
Jenna: Oh yes, many. There is the Grand canyon in the US, Petra in Jordan, Machu Picchu in
Peru, the Taj Mahal in India, the Topkapi Palace in Turkey and the Forbidden City in China to
name but a few.
Interviewer: Are there any other places that you still have not visited?
Jenna: There are many, actually. I hope to visit the Himalayas. I would also love to visit the
North Pole.
Interviewer: Did you have any difficulty in your travels? Have you had any incidents or funny
accidents?
Jenna: Funny you should mention that, only last month I was in Lopburi, Thailand in and
apparently the monkeys that live there have no fear of people. I made the mistake of carrying
an apple in my hand, and one of the monkeys just jumped down and snatched it off my hands.
Needless to say, everybody else was laughing! The monkeys it seems are quite talented at
snatching food from non suspecting tourists.
Interviewer: That does sound funny!
Jenna: Yes it does, but those monkeys can be a little menacing too. I am glad they only went
for the apple!
Interviewer: Well, we would love to hear more about your travels, but unfortunately, we just
ran out of time, so good luck in your travels, and we hope to have you on the show again.
Jenna: Thank you. It has been a great pleasure.

1. Jenna is being interviewed because she -------------.

a. is a traveler
b. is a travel writer
c. is travel agent
2. The listeners of the show want to know about Jenna’s-------------.
a. favorite hobby that she has enjoyed
b. favorite trip that she has booked
c. favorite place that she has traveled to
3. One of the following places was not mentioned in the interview.
a. Peru
b. Egypt
c. Mexico
d. Jordan
4. According to Jenna, Uluru is also known as------------------.
a. Ayers Plain

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 English 099 Unit 9 Adventures and Experiences

b. Ayers Rock
c.Ayers Mountain
5. Jenna has not visited one of the following places:
a. Grand Canyon
b. North Pole
c.Pyramids
d. Taj Mahal

6. The incident with the monkeys happened when Jenna was in------------.
a. India
b. Thailand
c.Philippines
7. The monkeys took-------------- from Jenna’s hand
a. a bag
b. a fruit
c.a camera

Pronunciation
Pronunciation Focus
Intonation
Language can be very boring if it is to follow one pitch. It is for this reason that we have
intonation. Intonation is the rise and fall of pitch in speech. It makes speech more interesting
and it also helps convey meaning, express surprise, anger, sadness or joy.
Sometimes we say something in a tone that completely alters the meaning of the words
spoken. When that happens, it’s not what we say that matters most, but the way we say it.
There are different types of intonation. These include rising intonation, falling intonation and
level intonation.
Usually in English, we use the following intonation with questions:
1. Final rising intonation for a Yes/No question.
Is she coming today?

2. Final falling intonation for a Wh-question.

W hen is she coming?
As for sentences, English usually uses a falling intonation if one believes the sentence to be
true.
Naturally, people sometimes do not use these patterns. A person may choose to change the
intonation to express a certain emotion or expression.

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English 099 Unit 9 Adventures and Experiences

Activity 1
Multiple Choice
It’s not what you say; it is how you say it!

Instructions to students: Say the sentences below out loud. Which meaning does your
intonation indicate?

1. “Hey John! It is good to see you”

a. The speaker is pleased to see John.
b. The speaker is indifferent about seeing John.
c. The speaker is not pleased to see John.
2. “ Oh, she is so tall!”
a. The speaker is surprised by how tall she is.
b. The speaker is stating a fact about how tall she is.
c. The speaker is angry at how tall she is.
3. “ We need to talk”
a. The speaker is happy.
b. The speaker is serious.
c. The speaker is afraid.
4. “Is she Ok?
a. The speaker is concerned about the girl.
b. The speaker is not concerned about the girl
c. The speaker shows no interest in the girl’s condition
5. “What did you just say?”
a. The speaker is angry.
b. The speaker is surprised.
c. The speaker is nervous.

Activity 2
Write It
Rising or Falling Intonation
Instructions to students: Say the following questions out loud and indicate whether
the intonation is rising or falling.

rising -falling

1. Is the meeting at 10?

2. What are you eating?
3. Can they come to the party?
4. How old is Martin?
5. When is the wedding?
6. Is she your sister?
7. Have they finished their homework?
8. Has she ever been to Alaska?
9. Is this your parachute?
10. Are you listening to me?
11. What did she do?

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 English 099 Unit 9 Adventures and Experiences

Speaking
Activity 1
Offline Activity
Extreme Adventures
Instructions to students:
i) Form teams of five.
ii) With your teammates choose an extreme adventure and research it
online.
iii) Think of questions that the other teams may ask you to guess the
extreme adventure you have selected and find the answers to those
questions.
iv) In class, you will compete with the other teams.
v) Each member will be responsible for asking and answering a question.
vi) The team that can guess the most extreme adventures will win the game.

Activity 2
Offline Activity
Famous Adventurers

Instructions to students:
Choose an adventurer or traveler from the list below and research him/her online.
Find some interesting facts about him/her. Prepare a short presentation to share
your new knowledge with your classmates.
1. Kay Cottee
2. Sir Edmund Hillary
3. Ibn Battuta
4. Marco Polo
5. Anousheh Ansari
6. Louise Arner Boyd

Writing
Activity 1
Offline Activity
Memorable Experience
Instructions to student: Now it’s Your Turn to Write!

1. In MS Word, write the first draft of a paragraph about an experience that has
had a lasting impression on you and your life.
2. Check the first draft with a classmate and correct any mistakes.
3. Save your second draft.
4. You will receive instruction in class about how to submit the assignment.

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English 099 Unit 9 Adventures and Experiences

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English Unit 10 Life in the Future Student File

Word List
agreement: a promise or decision made between two or more adopting
people
commerce: the activities involved in buying and selling things climate
conserving: to use something in a way that does not waste it cyborg
cure: to make someone with an illness healthy again demonstrations
dedicated: designed to be used for one particular purpose drastic
deplete: to reduce the amount of something, especially a natural cloudy
supply
droughts: a long period when there is no rain and people do not extinct
have enough water
emissions: when gas, heat, light, etc is sent out into the air, or flooding
an amount of gas, heat, light, etc that is sent out
exhibitions: when objects such as paintings are shown to the framework
public
global: relating to the whole world humanity
inspiring: giving you new ideas and making you feel you want to immortal
do something
mysteries: something strange or unknown that cannot be implants
explained or understood
nanotechnology: an area of science which deals with industrial
developing and producing extremely small tools and machines by
controlling the arrangement of individual atoms
pavilion: one of a group of related buildings forming a complex policies
robots: a machine controlled by a computer, which can move reverse
and do other things that people can do
showcase: an event which is intended to show the best qualities sneak
of something
sustainable: able to continue over a period of time dry
pique: to make someone interested in something humid
tornado: an extremely strong and dangerous wind that blows in uplifting
a circle and destroys buildings as it moves along
tsunami: an extremely large wave caused by movement of the chilly
earth under the sea, often caused by an earthquake

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 English Unit 10 Life in the Future Student File

Vocabulary Focus
Weather File
Will and going to are used frequently to indicate the future. They are also often used to
describe how the weather is going to be. The following words are some of the words that we
use to describe the weather.
1. cold
2. hot
3. humid
4. windy
5. dry
6. cool
7. cloudy
8. chilly
9. rainy
10. sunny

Examples: It is going to be cold tomorrow.

Will it rain this afternoon?

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English Unit 10 Life in the Future Student File

Activity 1
Write It
What is the Weather Like?
Instructions to Students: Write one of the words below word in the space provided
below the matching picture above.
1. cold
2. rainy
3. cloudy
4. sunny
5. windy

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English Unit 10 Life in the Future Student File

Activity 2
Type it
Word Search
Instructions to Students: Search for words in the square below. Once you identify a
word, type it into one of the spaces provided below. All of the words are related the
weather and climate.

C K
D D Y S
Y A K R J U
C L O U D Y R C
F I L Q Z K R Y O X
T L I I Q W B N N L N E
J Q O M H A Z T J N D R T H
V K Y O A C E D O C U I R A U F
A V D V D N Y W S H Z S W L M M Y M
T S A N K I U R D P A O D O D I I K C B
Q A I D D N S B R A A G K C S L D I Z F
D E N D G T D O Y X T D V B C Z X U
J B Y L W S U T S O M A T R R Y
S A D F R G U B R X S Y O V
D D T O H I T N Y P K S
K H G T U R A C W U
J W S F P D T F
W O K G O B
W G T O
G H

DROUGHTS, FLOODING, TSUNAMI, TORNADO, CHILLY, CLIMATE, CLOUDY, DRY, HUMID,

COLD, SUNNY, HOT

Activity 3
Type it
Hangman Game:
Instructions to students: Read the following clues and try to guess the missing
word. Be careful! Every wrong choice will bring you closer to the hangman’s rope!
1. to make someone with an illness healthy again
2. relating to the whole world
3. an event which is intended to show the best qualities of something
4. one of a group of related buildings
5. an extremely large wave caused by movement of the earth under the sea, often caused
by an earthquake
6. to reduce the amount of something, especially a natural supply
7. when gas, heat, light, etc is sent out into the air, or an amount of gas, heat, light, etc
that is sent out

4
English Unit 10 Life in the Future Student File

8. a long period when there is no rain and people do not have enough water
Activity 4
Drag and Drop
Anagrams
Instructions to students: Look at the anagrams below and arrange them into words
that match one of the definitions provided below. Some of them are very
challenging. Are you feeling brave?
Jumbled Letters Definition Answer
EXHIBITISON when objects such as paintings are shown to
the public
STEERISMY something strange or unknown that cannot
be explained or understood
SORBTO a machine controlled by a computer, which
can move and do other things that people
can do
ROADTON an extremely strong and dangerous wind that
blows in a circle and destroys buildings as it
moves along
ASABLETUNIS able to continue over a period of time
GINNIPSIR giving you new ideas and making you feel
you want to do something
COMECREM the activities involved in buying and selling
things

5
English Unit 10 Life in the Future Student File

Activity 5
Type it
Crossword Puzzle
Instructions to students: Read the clues to the crossword puzzle and type the
answer into the correct spaces.

Activity 6
Write It
Mix and Match

Instructions to students: Match the definitions to the correct words, by writing them
into the spaces provided.
Word Definition

to make someone interested in something

an area of science which deals with developing and producing extremely

small tools and machines by controlling the arrangement of individual
atoms

6
 English Unit 10 Life in the Future Student File

designed to be used for one particular purpose

a promise or decision made between two or more people

to use something in a way that does not waste it

when gas, heat, light, etc is sent out into the air, or an amount of gas,
heat, light, etc that is sent out

Activity 7
Offline Activity
Sentence Construction
Instructions to students: Build your own sentences using words from this list. Your
instructor will advise you on how to submit this assignment in class.
1. climate
2. flooding
3. reverse
4. dry
5. demonstrations
6. drastic
7. extinct
8. industrial

Reading
Activity 1
Offline Activity
Climate Change
Instructions to students: Read the following text about climate change and then
answer the questions that follow. Your instructor will advise you on how to submit
this assignment in class.
Now and in the future, one of the most important challenges facing the human race is
climate change. The changes in climate will be felt throughout the world and will not be limited
to certain countries. These changes will include drastic temperatures differences, particularly in
the summer, where it will be hotter and drier. The world will also become exposed to extreme
storms, such as Tsunamis and tornadoes, that will affect the countries in which they occur.
Climate change will also be responsible for raising sea levels, flooding and droughts.
Such changes will invariably affect all life forms on Earth. Many plants and animals will
become extinct as a result of flooding and droughts and the changes that will affect their
habitats. Humans will suffer water and food shortages which will lead to economic difficulties
and conflicts over resources.

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English Unit 10 Life in the Future Student File

One of the main reasons behind climate change is the green house effect, and despite the
efforts now being made to reverse the effects of green house effect, climate change is a
challenge that faces all humanity. The steps taken so far are simply not enough.
Many countries are adopting green policies that aim at reducing green house emissions and
turning to sustainable energy sources that do not deplete the earth’s resources. Many countries
are also working together to reach a global workable framework that can help control and
stabilize climate change. World agreements such as The Kyoto Protocol and other agreements
are important steps in the correct direction.
Green house emissions are not limited to factories and big industrial complexes. Individuals
also contribute to these emissions. For that reason, we must also participate in reducing these
harmful emissions. Using sustainable earth resources, conserving energy, raising awareness
about the effects of green house effects and going green will play a significant role in the fight
against climate change. More importantly, these steps will help ensure that our children will
have a healthy environment to live their lives in.

1. What is the main idea of this passage?

2. What are countries doing to counter the effects of climate change?
3. How will animals be affected by climate change?
4. What global agreements are mentioned in the article?
5. Can you think of any sustainable energy resources? Use the internet to help you.

Activity 2
True or False
A look into the Future
Instructions to students: Read the passage below and decide whether the
statements that follow are true or false. Indicate your choice by writing a T or F
beside the statements that follow the text.
The Da Vinci Institute, in Colorado, USA, is working on building a museum that will
enable its visitors a sneak preview into the future. The museum, which will be called the
Museum of Future Inventions, will definitely provide an inspiring and uplifting experience to all
of its visitors, young and old alike.
Upon entering the museum, visitors will go to the News from the Future Theater, where
they will hear news fifty years into the future. After that, they will begin their journey in the
museum by seeing the Immortal Eight. These are supposed to be the eight most significant
future inventions of all times.
Young Visitors will also enjoy the different exhibitions held specifically for them. In the
Young Inventor Laboratory, they will be able to draw and design their own inventions, build
their own robots, and develop their own exercise machines. Engaging demonstrations will pique
their interest in topics such as fascinating physics, the force of magnets, the environment and
many other subjects.
The museum will also contain a number of pavilions that are dedicated to several
futurist aspects such as the Robotics, Energy, Space Commerce, Smart Technologies,
Entertainment, Transportation, Communications, Nanotechnology, Genetic Engineering, Life
Sciences, Environment, and an Unclassified Pavilion that includes inventions that do not fit into
any of the other categories.

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 English Unit 10 Life in the Future Student File

All of these pavilions will include demonstrations relating to the subject of each pavilion.
The Genetic Engineering Pavilion for example, will exhibit some of the inventions that may well
help solve medical mysteries and help cure disease. Another interesting Pavilion is that of the
Life Science Pavilion which will showcase inventions related to Cyborgs, and the future of
intelligent implants.
In addition to all of these fascinating pavilions, the museum will also include a future café,
where people can try future foods and workshops where students and interested individuals can
take part in educational courses. Plasma TV exhibits will showcase different futurist inventions
and there will be a Research and Development Lab that will include an invention library. In
addition to all of this, there will also will be a fully functional lab where new ideas are put to the
test. This is going to be an incredible place where you will be able to practically visit the future.
All you have to do is bring your imagination!
1. According to the text, The Museum of Future Inventions is already open to viewers.
2. The Da Vinci Institute is the institution behind the Museum of the Future.
3. The Immortal Eight are the eight most future inventors of all time.
4. The Museum of the Future doesn’t allow its visitors to eat food.
5. Among the facilities of the museum is an invention library.
6. The Life Science Pavilion will exhibit medical inventions.
7. The Research and Development Lab will examine new ideas and inventions.

Grammar
Warm up
- I will send you an email as soon as I get home.
- There will be water shortages in the future.
- He is driving too fast! He is going to crash.
- They are going to spend the summer in Spain.

Hint: What do the verbs in the sentences have in common?

Answer: The verbs are all used to indicate future simple tense.

Note to students: Check Grammar Focus 1.

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English Unit 10 Life in the Future Student File

Positive Sentences with Will and the Infinitive

You

We eat Sushi.
will
They ‘ll

He

She

It

Negative Sentences with Will and the Infinitive

Subject Short form Long Main verb

form

You

We

They won’t will not eat Sushi.

He

She

It

Questions with Will and the Infinitive

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English Unit 10 Life in the Future Student File

you

we Sushi?
Will eat
they

he

she

it

Short Answers with Will and the Infinitive

Will I eat Sushi? Yes, I will.

No, I will not.
No, I won’t.

Will they eat Sushi? Yes, they will.

No, they will not.
No, they won’t.

Will we eat Sushi? Yes, we will.

No, we will not.
No, we won’t.

Will you eat Sushi? Yes, you will.

No, you will not.
No, you won’t.

Wh- Questions with Will and the Infinitive

they eat Sushi?

we eat Sushi?
you eat Sushi?
When will I eat Sushi?

he eat Sushi?

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English Unit 10 Life in the Future Student File

she eat Sushi?

it eat Sushi?

We use will and the infinitive to talk about:

1. Things that we believe will happen in the future.
He will come to the party.
2. Promises that we make.
I will meet you in the airport, don’t worry.

3. Offers of help and requests for help.

A: I can’t find my pen.
B: I will help you find it.
4. Spontaneous decisions.
I feel tired. I will go to bed now.

Positive Sentences with going to and the Infinitive

I am going to study English.

You
to win the lottery.
We are going

They

He

She is going to eat the cake.

It

Negative Sentences with going to and the Infinitive

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English Unit 10 Life in the Future Student File

I am not going to study English.

‘m not

you
to win the lottery.
we are not going
aren’t going
they

He

She is not going eat the cake.

isn’t going
It

Questions with going to and the Infinitive

study English?
Am I going to

you

we
win the lottery?
Are you they going to

he
eat the cake?
Is she going to

it

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English Unit 10 Life in the Future Student File

Short Answers with going to and the Infinitive

Am I going to study English? Yes, I am.

No, I am not.
No, I’m not.

Are they going to win the lottery?? Yes, they are.

No, they are not.
No, they aren’t.

Are we going to win the lottery?? Yes, we are.

No, we are not.
No, we aren’t.

Are you going to win the lottery? Yes, you are.

No, you are not.
No, you aren’t.

Yes, he is.
Is he going to eat the cake? No, he is not.
No, he isn’t.

Is she going to eat the cake? Yes, she is.

No, she is not.
No, she isn’t.

Yes, it is.
Is it going to eat the cake? No, it is not.
No, it isn’t.

Wh- Questions with going to and the Infinitive

When am I going to study English?

they going to win the lottery?

we going to win the lottery?

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English Unit 10 Life in the Future Student File

When are
you going to win the lottery?

he going to eat the cake?

she going to eat the cake?

When is
it going to eat the cake?

We use going to when:

1. We want to make a prediction about the future and we have present evidence of
that prediction.
There is too much traffic. We aren’t going to get there on time.
2. We want to talk about our intentions, or what we plan to do.
I am going to go to the concert.

There are two main differences between using will and going to:
1. When we use will in making our predictions, these predictions are based on our
opinion. There isn’t any tangible evidence. When using going to in making our
predictions, we usually have some present evidence that supports this prediction.

2. When we use will to talk about the future, will does not indicate any specific time in the
future. It could be used to indicate very far future, while going to is usually used to
indicate near future.

Activity 1
Circle It
Complete the Sentences
Instructions to student: Read the sentences and choose the circle the correct
answer.
1. I can’t fine my laptop
a. I will help you look for it.
b. I am going to help you look for it.
2. What are you doing this weekend?
a. We are going to go fishing.
b. We will go fishing.
3. Oh my god! Look at the fire,
a. The house is going to burn.
b. The house will burn.

4. Remember to lock the doors!

a. Yes I will lock them right now.
b. I am going to lock the doors.
5. Her bags are not organized.
a. She is going to miss her plane.

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b. She will miss her plane.

6. Can you tell me the result of the game?
a. Yes, I will tell you the results as soon as the game finishes.
b. I am going to tell you the results.

Activity 2
Write it
Making Questions
Instructions to student: Based on what you learned about the future tense with will
and going to change the following statements into questions.

1. John will win the race.

2. They are going to meet the president.
3. Linda is going to watch the movie.
4. They will drive us home.
5. There is going to be a storm.
6. We are going to save the earth.

Activity 3
Write It
Jumbled Words
Instructions to students: Now that you know more about the future simple tense,
use this knowledge to rearrange the words below to write correct sentences.
1. She/have/to/going/baby/is
2. Solar/energy/cheaper/future/become/will/the/in?
3. do/going/tonight/you/what/are/to?
4. will/Jane/pick/from/station/up/tomorrow/us/the
5. am/wear/I/to/going/party/dress/black/my/the/to

Activity 4
Write It
Complete the Sentences
Instructions to student: Write the correct verbs in the space provided.
will be- going to- is going- is going- will not- going to- will become- going to
Although the weather------------------ sunny tomorrow we aren’t ------------------ go out
because we have a lot of work to do. My sister ------------------ to start painting her room, while
my brother------------------ to clean his untidy closet. I am ------------------ clear all my shelves
and dust the walls.
Mom ------------------ allow any of us out of the house until we have all done our chores. It is ---
--------------- be a very long and exhausting day, but I think that it will be worth it. The house---
--------------- clean and spotless.

Activity 5
Write It

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English Unit 10 Life in the Future Student File

Complete the Sentences

Instructions to students: Complete the sentences. Match the correct first part of the
sentences from column A with the corresponding part from column B.
It is going to rain.
Yes, I am going to study Chemistry.
I am going to tell her.
I will get you an Aspirin
No, I will do it right now.
I will get you a glass of water.
I am going to quit.
A B
Look at the dark skies.
Salam doesn’t know the news yet.
I have a terrible headache.
Have you decided on your major yet?
I am not happy with this job.
Don’t forget to email John about his
house.
I am so thirsty.

Activity 6
Multiple Choice
What is the Most Natural Sentence?
Instructions to students: Read the following sentences and choose the one that is
the most natural by clicking on the radio button.
1.
a. I am sorry, I can’t talk to you now. I will phone you later.
b. I am sorry, I can’t talk to you now. I am going to phone you later.
2.
a. Good night. I’ll see you tomorrow at the meeting.
b. Good night. I am going to see you tomorrow at the meeting.
3.
a. The Johnsons are going to have a baby boy in January.
b. The Johnsons will have a baby boy in January.
4.
a. I have decided to redecorate the house. I am going to paint it blue.
b. I have decided to redecorate the house. I will paint it blue.
5.
a. Oh, my fuel meter is very low, I am going to run out of gas.
b. Oh, my fuel meter is very low, I will run out of gas.
6.
a. If you are not familiar with the Internet, I’ll teach you how to use it
b. If you are not familiar with the Internet, I am going to teach you how to use it.

Activity 7
Offline Activity

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 English Unit 10 Life in the Future Student File

Sentence Construction
Instructions to students:
1. Using MS Word,
2. Write 5 sentences about the future using will.
3. Write 5 sentences using going to.
4. Your advisor will advise you on how to submit this assignment in class.

Listening
Activity 1
Multiple Choice
Weather Forecast
Instructions to students: Listen to the following weekly weather forecast and then
answer the multiple choice questions that follow.
John: Let’s turn to Samantha with the weather forecast for the next week.
Samantha: Thank you John. It looks like it is going to be a beautiful start to spring. Although
temperatures will drop slightly on Monday and Tuesday, things will look up at the end of the
week.
If you are going out this evening, you better take a jacket with you. Temperatures will drop
slightly to 18 degrees. Tomorrow, however, it will be breezy and pleasant with temperatures of
21 degrees.
On Sunday, we will witness another increase in temperature, where it will be sunny and warm
at 24 degrees.
Monday and Tuesday will witness a slight drop in temperature, and it will turn even more chilly
at night. So, if you plan to go out, make sure you dress warmly. The temperature is expected
to reach 17 degrees.
As for the weekend, for those of you planning on camping or hiking, this is definitely the time to
do it. The weather will be pleasant and cool with temperatures of 22 degrees. There is no rain
forecast for this week and plenty of sunshine to start spring.

1- The name of the weather forecaster is:

a. Sabrina
b. Samantha
c. Sandra
d. Suzan
2- The highest temperature of the week will be on:
a. Saturday
b. Sunday
c. Monday
d. Tuesday
3- The lady describes the weather as ---------------- for the weekend.
a. pleasant and cool
b. hot and dry
c. rainy and cold
d. sunny and warm
4- The lowest temperature of the week will be------------.
a. 16 degrees

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b. 17 degrees
c. 21 degrees
d. 20 degrees
5- One of the following weather conditions was not mentioned in the weather forecast:
a. Pleasant and cool
b. Sunny and warm
c. Rainy and cold
d. Breezy and pleasant

Activity 2
True or False
Save the Earth
Instructions to students: Listen to the following text and then decide whether the
statements that follow are true or false. Indicate your choice by writing an F or T
beside the statements that follow the text.
There are many things that we as individuals can do to save the earth. Although some of these
activities may seem insignificant to us, they still can play an important role in saving our planet
and reducing the effects of green house gases.
To start with, we should all make an effort to conserve energy. We can begin with small but
important steps. For instance, turning off the lights in rooms that we leave, turning off the
water when brushing our teeth, fixing our leaky faucets to stop water waste and using fans
instead of air conditioners. If all of us just made those small changes in our daily lives,
together, we would make a big difference.
To save trees, we can reduce our use of paper and use recycled paper. When printing, we
should try to print on both sides to maximize our use of paper. We should also reduce waste by
trying to avoid using plastic bags.
We should also try to make our homes more energy efficient by using energy saving light and
solar energy to heat water. We should also insulate our houses so they can better conserve the
warmth in the winter months.
We should also take good care of our cars. Cars that are not maintained burn more fuel than
well maintained cars. In addition to that, we should also learn to drive smarter, less braking and
less speed will increase the efficiency of our fuel consumption and will contribute to conserving
energy. These steps will also help reduce the harmful gases that our cars emit into the air.
These are just some of the steps that we can carry out to help save the earth and preserve it
for future generations. If we all make an effort, together we can start to save our earth.
1- The first step to reduce green house effects mentioned in the text is to use recycled
paper.
2- Home insulation keeps homes warm at winter.
3- According to the audio text, individual efforts can help save the earth.
4- Reducing the use of plastic bags is mentioned as one way of helping the earth.
5- Hard braking and high speed affect the fuel consumption of our cars.

Pronunciation Focus
Sentence Stress
Every language has its own music or rhythm. English is no different. The music of the English
language lies in its sentence stress. Sentence stress is basically the way words are spoken in

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English Unit 10 Life in the Future Student File

one sentence. Some words have more weight and, as a result, are emphasized or stressed
more in the entire sentence. In contrast to this, word stress is where specific syllables are
stressed in a single word.
In order to better understand sentence stress in English, we need to know that there are two
types of words where sentence stress is concerned. These are called:
1. Content words
2. Structure words
Content words are words that carry the meaning of the sentence, while structure or function
words have a grammatical function. In English, words that carry meaning assume more
importance, and they are the words that are usually stressed in the sentence. Function words
are usually shorter and don’t carry much meaning, but they help put the sentence together.
These are usually unstressed.

Content Words
Main verbs go, sell, read
Nouns table, car, sport
Adjectives tall, thin, pretty
Adverbs lately, always, never
Negative Auxiliary Verbs can’t, don’t
Question Words who, when, why

Structure Words
pronouns he, you, it
Prepositions in, on, of
Articles a, the, an
Conjunctions but, or
Auxiliary Verbs can, could
Verb to be is, am
Sentence stress helps you to understand the music of the language and it is one important
indicator of proficiency in English. There are three important things you need to remember
about sentence stress. These are:
1. Content words are usually stressed
2. Structure words are usually not stressed
3. The stressed words usually have the same timing, or beat. The space in speech between the
stressed words is identical.
Activity 1
Circle It
Where is the sentence Stress?
Instructions to students: Listen to the sentences and then circle the words that are
stressed. Be careful, there may be more than one stressed syllable in each sentence.
1. When is the meeting?
2. He’s got a headache.
3. Eat your breakfast.
4. It’s hot in here.
5. I am looking for my pen.
6. Where is she going?
7. Does he know the answer?

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 English Unit 10 Life in the Future Student File

8. What’s the matter?

Activity 2
Write It
Content or Structure
Instructions to students: Write the words to the correct table.
make- but- shouldn’t- her- bank- at- is- quietly- extreme- enter- might- was
Content Words Structure Words

Speaking
Activity 1
Offline Activity
I Won!
Instructions to students:
1. You have just won $ 100,000 in a lottery.
2. You are going to tell your classmates what you will do with the money.
3. Your instructor will call on you to speak in front of class about what you will
do with the money.

Activity 2
Offline Activity
Weekend Plans
Instruction to students:
1. Form teams of 3.
2. To complete this activity, pretend that you are planning a trip for
your upcoming weekend.
3. Work together to form 5 sentences each about the trip
arrangements.
4. Use will and going to to describe your trip schedule and events.
5. Your instructor will call on you to discuss your arrangements in front
of class.

Writing
Activity 1
Offline Activity
Future Predictions
Instructions to students:

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Now It’s Your Turn to Write!

1. In MS Word, write the first draft of a paragraph about your predictions for the future.
2. Check the first draft with a classmate and correct any mistakes.
3. Save your second draft.
4. You will receive instruction in class about how to submit the assignment.

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