14/12/2017 Electrical Machines - I - - Unit 7 - Week 6

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Unit 7 - Week 6

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Week1 1) A 440/220V transformer rated 100kVA is reconnected as an auto-transformer with voltage 10 points
ratio of 660/220V. What will be the power rating of the reconnected transformer?
Week 2
100kVA

Week 3 150kVA
66.67kVA
Week 4 33.33kVA

Week 5

Week 6 Accepted Answers:

150kVA
Lecture 17:
Auto 2) A 110/440V transformer is reconnected as an auto-transformer having voltage ratio 10 points
Transformers 110/550V and loaded with 500kW at unity power factor on the secondary side. What are the line
Lecture 18: currents?
Three Winding
Transformers Primary Line current = 4545.45A, Secondary Line current = 1136.36A
Primary Line current = 4545.45A, Secondary Line current = 3636.36A
Lecture 19:
Scott Primary Line current = 4545.45A, Secondary Line current = 909.09A
Connected Primary Line current = 3636.36A, Secondary Line current = 4545.45A
Transformers

Lecture 20:
Potential and
Current Accepted Answers:
Transformers
Primary Line current = 4545.45A, Secondary Line current = 909.09A
Feedback for
3) A 15kVA, 400V/200 V, 50 Hz single phase ideal two winding transformer is 10 points
Week 6
used to step up a voltage of 400V to 600V by connecting it like an auto transformer.
Quiz : Week 6: Calculate the maximum kVA that can be handled by the autotransformer without over
Assignment
loading any of the HV and LV coil?
Week 6 :
Assignment 30kVA
Solution 45kVA
15kVA
Week 7
30kVA
Week 8

Week 9
Accepted Answers:
Week 10 45kVA

Week 11
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14/12/2017 Electrical Machines - I - - Unit 7 - Week 6
4) For the auto-transformer formed in problem -3, how much of the kVA is 10 points
Week 12 transferred by electrical conduction when it is operating at maximum kVA without
overloading any coils?

30kVA
15kVA
45kVA
20kVA

Accepted Answers:
30kVA

5) An autotransformer has a coil with total number of turns NCD = 400 between 10 points
terminals C and D. It has got one tapping at A such that NAC = 200 and another tapping
at B such that NBA = 80. Across AC a 440V supply is connected. Two resistive loads of
80Ω and 120Ω are connected across BC and DC respectively. What is the current through
80Ω load?

5.5A
6.8A
7.7A
8.4A

Accepted Answers:
7.7A

6) Two single-phase loads are connected to 200V two phase supply formed by 10 points
Scott connected transformers from a 4400V, 3-phase mains. Calculate the current in each
line of the 3-phase mains if each load draws 240kW at 0.8 power factor. Neglect losses in
the transformers.

78.72A, 118.08A, 39.36A

78.72A, 78.72A, 78.72A, A
68.175A, 68.175A, 68.175A
118.08A, 118.08A, 118.08A

Accepted Answers:
78.72A, 78.72A, 78.72A, A

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14/12/2017 Electrical Machines - I - - Unit 7 - Week 6
7) Two single-phase loads are connected to a 200V two phase supply formed by 10 points
Scott connected transformers from a 4400V 3-phase mains. Calculate the current in each
line of the 3-phase mains if one load takes 300kW at 0.707(lag) pf and the other one
360kW at 0.8(lag). Neglect losses in the transformers.

112.5A, 109.5A, 123.5A

102.26A, 112.5A, 123.5A
102.26A, 109.5A, 54.75A
112.5A, 118.6A, 120A

Accepted Answers:
112.5A, 109.5A, 123.5A

8) A potential transformer rated 2000/120 V and a current transformer rated 10 points

80/4A are used to measure the voltage and current in a transmission line. If the voltmeter
indicates 108 V and the ammeter indicates 1.5 A. Calculate the voltage and current in the
line.

180V and 30A

1800V and 3A
1800V and 30A
1800 and 300A

Accepted Answers:
1800V and 30A

9) Which of the following transformers cannot be operated with their secondary open 10 points
circuited?

Potential Transformer
Current Transformer
Pulse Trasnformer
All of the above

Accepted Answers:
Current Transformer

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 Assignment - 6 : Solution

Q1.Solution

227.27A 454.54A

440V 220V

227.27A

440V
681.82A
660V

454.54A 220V Load

Q2.Solution

500k
Secondary line current = = 909.09A
550
500k
Primary line current = = 4545.45A
110

Q3.Solution

The transformer has to step up the voltage from 400V to 600V. Hence, the input must be connected to
the HV side of the transformer. Then, the induced voltage in the LV side would be 200V. In order to get
600V at the output, the two windings should be connected in additive series. The connection is shown in

Assignment No :6 onlinecourses.nptel.ac.in Page 1 / 6

 75A

200V

112.5A
600V Load
37.5A
400V

Figure 1:

Fig.1.
15, 000
Now, the rated current of HV side coil = = 37.5A
400
15, 000
The rated current of LV side coil = = 75A
200

Since, the load is in series with the LV side coils, the current drawn by the load should be limited to 75A,
in order to avoid overloading of the transformer coils.
Hence, the maximum kVA that can be handled by the transformer without over loading any of the HV
and LV side coils is = 600 × 75 = 45kVA

Assignment No :6 onlinecourses.nptel.ac.in Page 2 / 6

Q4.Solution

For the transformer in problem.3,

The current through the LV coils, when delivering maximum kVA = 75A
45, 000
Current drawn from the supply, when delivering maximum kVA = = 112.5A
400
Hence,the current through the HV coils, when delivering maximum kVA = 112.5 − 75 = 37.5A

The relative direction of current in HV and LV side coil currents are shown in Fig.1. The direction of
currents are such that, the mmf is balanced in the magnetic circuit always.

kVA transferred magnetically = kVA handled by any of HV or LV side coils

= 400 × 37.5 = 200 × 75 = 15kVA
kVA transferred electrically = Total kVA - kVA transferred magnetically
= 45kV A − 15kV A = 30kVA

Q5.Solution

120Ω

440V 80Ω

Figure 2:

Assignment No :6 onlinecourses.nptel.ac.in Page 3 / 6

 Supply voltage across AC, VAC = 440V
Number of turns between A and C, NAC = 200
440
Voltage per turn = = 2.2V
200
Since, voltage per turn in a transformer remains constant
Voltage across 80Ω load = NBC × 2.2 = (200 + 80) × 2.2 = 616V
616
Hence, current through 80Ω load = = 7.7A
80

Q6.Solution

200
Main transformer turns ratio, a = = 0.04545
4400
240, 000
The secondary side current, I2 = = 1500A
200 × 0.8
Both the loads are same, hence, both the load currents are same.
Since, the two phase loads are balanced, the three phase side is also balanced.
2a
The primary side current, I1 = √ × I2 = 78.72A
3
Since, the phase current at the primary side is equal to the line current,
The line current = 78.72A

Q7.Solution

N2 200
= = .04545
N1 4400
2N
√ 2 = .053
3N1
Load currents are,
300, 000
Ia = = 2121.64A; 45o lagging
200 × 0.707
360, 000
Ib = = 2250A; 36.86o lagging
200 × 0.8

Assignment No :6 onlinecourses.nptel.ac.in Page 4 / 6

 Va

IA

Ia -I BC
-I A
45
2
45
IC
36.86
Vb IBC
36.86

-I A
Ib
2
IB

Figure 3:

The phase currents at the 3-phase side are

IA = 2121.64 × 0.053 = 112.446A
IBC = 2250 × 0.04545 = 102.2625
From Fig.3, the line currents are given by
IA = 112.446∠ − 45
IB = 102.2625∠ − (90 + 36.86) − (0.5 × 112.446)∠ − 45 = 109.5∠ − 157.40
IC = 102.2625∠(53.14) − (0.5 × 112.446)∠ − 45 = 123.478∠79.93

Q8.Solution

The voltage on the line is

 
2000
V = 108 × = 1800V
120
The current in the line is  
80
I = 1.5 × = 30A
4

Q9.Solution

Current transformer (CT) cannot be operated with the secondary open. This is because whenever a current
is flowing in the primary of the CT, and if there is no current in the secondary MMF balance will not take
place. Also this huge current will effectively saturate the core as there is no current in the secondary to
counter the flux. Hence the secondary voltage will rise drastically. This can cause damage of insulation
or electric shock.

Assignment No :6 onlinecourses.nptel.ac.in Page 5 / 6

Q10.Solution

|Excitation current|
Turn ratio error = × 100
|Actual current in the primary winding|
Excitation Current = (15 − 20j) A = 25∠ − 53.13 A
|Excitation current| = 25 A
Actual current in the primary winding = Current in primary winding - Excitation current
= 600 − (15 − 20j) = 585.34∠1.96 A
|Actual current in the primary winding| = 585.34 A
585.34
∴ Current in secondary winding = = 1.95A
300
∴ Actual turns ratio = 1.95/600 = 3.252 × 10−3
Nominal turns ratio = 1/300 = 3.33 × 10−3
Nominal Turns ratio-Actual turns ratio
Turn ratio error =
Actual turns ratio
3.33 × 10 − 3.252 × 10−3
−3
× 100 = 2.4 %
3.252 × 10−3

Assignment No :6 onlinecourses.nptel.ac.in Page 6 / 6