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QNO1: Discuss the life and works of Dr.Maria

Montessori and why is she referred to a lady much
ahead of her time?
Dr. Maria is founder of Montessori Method .Montessori was born
on 31stAugust 1870 in Ancona Italy. Herfather’s name was
Alessandro and he was a military man.Her mother was a liberal
lady and supported to her daughter to educational pursuit.
In those days woman
were given relatively
less rights and
recognition compared
to those given to men.
Despite of the position
from her male fellow
students. She
graduated from the
medical school of the
University of Rome becoming the woman physician in Italy in
1896.

Life and works of Dr Maria

Montessori specialized in the field of pediatrics and psychiatry
and came into contact with child of
working class and poor realizing that
intelligence is not rare.in 1900 she
was appointed as the director of
Orthephrnic School for
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Deficient and insane (special) children of thecity. There she
helped her young patients to stimulate there sense and mind.

Montessori took inspirations

Dr Maria got inspired by the two almost forgotten French doctors
of the eighteenth and nineteenth century .Montessori took
inspiration from jean-mark Gaspard who famously known for work
with wild boy of Aveyron,and EduardSeguin a French
psychologist.

Maria ,s first House of children

In 1907 she became the director of first day care center named
CASA DEI BAMBINI( house of children) .at first Montessori
doubted that her methods would work on these children’s but to
surprise, her methods seemed to be working miraculously. These
children showed tremendous progress into academies. She
believed that children follow their activities and urge.

Worldwide response
Maria’s Montessori first CASA DEI BAMBINI became famous in
the whole world in a very short period oftime. After the success of
her first school, she started to started more schools and the
became the interest of leaders and scientist around the world. Her
model school CASA DEI BAMBINI got duplicate everywhere
around the world.
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Montessori prime time

During her lifetime period from the opening of the first children
house in 1907 until 1930 as productive period. During this time,
she continued her study of children and developed curriculum and
mythology.Her lifetime, Montessori was acknowledged as one of
the world’s leading education.

Awards and recognitions

Montessori even god nominator for Nobel peace prize for the
work thrice. And was described by many as A WOMAN MUCH
AHEAD OF HER TIME.

MONTESSORI,S DEATH
Maria’sMontessori left the world in 1957 in Netherlands.
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QNO2: Which are the main requirements to be

considered to start a house of children? How do you
implement them?

The main requirements to be considered to start a house of

children are:
1. Classroom design is the most important place where
children have to stay. Activity equipment should be suitable
and several in number because children could easily
approach them.
2. The size of classroom should allow minimum of 20sq feet
per student in early level.
3. Montessori
house should be
child-size where
he could enjoy
his age. The
house should be
kitchen, science
lab, an art studio
and bathroom.
 4. A house should be design in a way that the child could face
outdoor environment.
5. There must be window through which the
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children could face sunlight at a day time.

6. There must be the children garden where child can grow
fruits of their choice.
7. There shouldn’t be any prevention.
8. There must be the playground where child can play.
In house of children I will
prefer to implement
following things,

 Everything is child
size
Furniture equipment and
supplies that children could
use should be child sized so
that they can work all by
themselves, they work self-
motivated to discover,
experiments and understandings.

 Focus on individual child

Teachers should focus on individual child as each
child is a unique thing. Each child skills, progress, growth,
understanding, and requirements are different from, so focus on
each and every child is first priority.

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 Polite behavior of teachers

Children learn a lot firstly from
their mothers. Then from their
teachers. The behavior and
attitude of the teacher should be
polite and reasonable.

 Good environment
Environment is really
important at any level of the
development of children. Children
learn best in good and better environment. Freedom is the
necessary character tics of prepared and good environment.

 Activity and independence

Independence in every activity is the main
requirement which I prefer to implement.in the Montessori
classrooms, children not only select their own work but also
continue to work with task, returning to continue their work over
many weeks the work is so easy for them. And they are able to
teach this to younger children. This is one of the skill that student
have read mastery.
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 Parents teaching meeting

There should be a close interaction between
parents and teachers. Parents should know the progress, work
and activities of a child so that they can practice same in home.

QNo3: What are the discoveries made by Dr.Maria

Montessori by observing the child?

Dr. Maria was a keen observer of children. She used a scientific

approach. If she saw some unusual behavior in a child, she would
say “I don’t believe it now” I shall, if it happens again.
In start she started she worked with mentally
disable children and achieve as astonishing results. After that she
thought to work with normal children. She believe the secret of
childhood, the every child have a potential.
The following discoveries made by Dr. Maria
which are as under:
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 Children always work for a reason:

Adults only work for incentives and money; they work to solve
their economical issues. Whereas , children’s work for a purpose
i.e. they work out of a natural drive, which makes their desires
,ambitions, thinking more and furthermore it makes them alert on
the tasks which are good for their development.

 Their inner drive is

sufficient:
As the adults
work for money and incentives,
so that they neither need a
teacher nor motivators, what they
need is just to provide a
necessary condition. So that
adults cannot work in various
fields. But a child can have a total and complete development
only if he/she will work in many fields of modern activities at
specific time.

 Interest of children:
When something that corresponds with child’s inner desires and
ambitions then the children automatically get interest in the work.
This will make them concentrate in the activities. But this
concentration isn’t the result; this is the baseline of the child.
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 Great sense of order:

Maria Montessori observed that children
had a great sense of order. Children put things back to where it
belonged. She respected this and allowed them to do it by placing
the materials in an open cupboard rather than locked cupboards
as it was initially done. She observed that real discipline comes
through freedom.

 Important activities:
She observed that a child can participate
somewhere confidently only, if he/she had involved in certain
activities. These activities might be of reading, writing, art
handwork, cultural activities etc. she observed that children have
the ability to select their own activity/work. They are not work for
any rewards.

 Development errors:
Many people have errors in their mental
condition. This mental error collides with the society also. This
mental error can be resolved at his/her early childhood, and it is
possible to bring him/her back to normal condition.

 Childs behavior:
She believed that the child’s behavior depends
on the environment. A child can be disobedient, stubborn etc. or a
child can be disciplined happy and healthy. It depends on the
environment.
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 Real obedience is based on love respect:

She observed and believes that real
obedience comes through love, respect and faith. Elder teacher
should be polite and sharp enough to understand the child’s
behavior.

QN04: What does piles stands for when we talk of

human development? Discuss the Physical,
Lingual and Intellectual development taking place
during 3 to 6 years of age?

 PILES

stands for :
 P = Physical
 
 I = Intellectual
 
 L = Lingual
 
 E = Emotional

 S = social
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Physical

Development: Physical development is a very

important in the phase. A child is very active and
energetic. In this age, the physical activities involve many
energetic activities. The physical development progresses
with the age.

 At the age of 3 years:

 A child is able to run, jump and walk on tiptoes.
 He moves his tricycle by using pedals and steers it well.
 He will kicks ball forcefully and catches ball nervously with
arms and hands.
 He can walk or upstairs in an adult style.
 He is able to sits at the bottom with crossed rankled.
  At the age of 4 years:
 He can bend down to pick up toys and can climb up trees in
this age.
 He becomes more good in kicking and catching balls and
playing other games.
 He is able to run upstairs with full efficiency.

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 He is able to cross his legs and balances on one foot for a

long time.

 At the age of 5&6 years:

 Can now play all sorts of ball games competently

 He is able to walk along a thin line and his balance is
improved.
 He can swing, climb and slide.
 He becomes more strong and energetic in this age.
 Has a strong grip with both hands and touches toes with
straight legs.
INTELLECTUAL DEVELOPMENT:

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The child’s intellect also improves with the passage of time.

Different activities can enhance their intellectual development. In
different ages, the child strengthens his intellectual power. The
child learns how to behave with the adults and how to manage up
with the difficult situations.

 At the Age of 3 years:

 A child can be able to thread big beads and built 9 blocks
high towers.

 They like to paint.

 They can use children’s scissors and hold a pencil easily.
  Can copy a circle.
 Draw a head for a person with some features.

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 At the Age of 4 years:

 They skilled at holding a pencil.
 They can draw a house.
 In this age they draw people with heads, bodies, legs, and
arms.
 They can build up 10 bricks tower.

 At age of 5-6 years:

 In this age they can draw drawing and paintings.
 They can draw figures with all structures.
 They skilled at coloring.
They know more colors and can
match well.

Lingual
Development:
Lingual development starts with the birth
of child. But in this age his language
develops and achieves more sense well. The child is able to
understand about objects and relationships. He can easily make
full sentence. Children learn from the environment and we should
make the environment suitable for the children.

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 At the age of 3 years

 Recites more rhymes and can sing some songs.
 A child can ask many questions and recite names.
 He can recite numbers up to 10 but count only objects.
 Their sentences are understandable.

 At the age of 4 years

 Loves to have jokes
 Their grammar becomes perfect in this age.
 They not only like stories but also love to tell stories to other.
 They can recite up to 20 numbers and count 4 to 5.

 At the age of 5-6 years

 They start asking meanings of different words.

 They can recite their name, address, age and birthday.
 They start to sing more songs and rhymes.
 Still loves to listen to stories and use them in play later.
 In this age they only confused with S with TH.

Qno5: Write a comprehensive note on the role of

teacher in a Montessori classroom?
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Role of Montessori teacher

The role of a Montessori teacher is that of an observer whose

ultimate goal is to intervene less and less as the child develops.
The teacher’s first objective is to prepare and organize the
learning environment to meet the needs and interests of the
children as well as promote independence.
Dr. Montessori
believed that the
teacher should focus
on the child as a
person rather than on
the daily lesson
plans. Although the
Montessori teacher
plans daily lessons
for each child, she
must be alert to
changes in the child’s interest, progress, mood, and behavior. The
teacher’s first objective is to prepare and organize the learning
environment to meet the needs and interests of the child.

Present Lessons
One of the responsibilities of teachers at Montessori schools is to
present lessons, usually to one or two children at a time. These
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Lessons make use of Montessori learning materials, which allow

students to handle physical representations of concepts. Once the
Lesson is presented; the student is free to work on the learning
activity by him-or herself, or in a small group.

Guide Learning
For much of the school day, a
Montessori teacher quietly moves
through the classroom, carefully
observing students and stepping in
to facilitate learning when needed.
Montessori teachers do not force
knowledge or ideas upon students, but rather the teachers give
students the tools necessary to allow the students to investigate
concepts themselves.

Observe Students
One of the most  important role of the teacher is his or her
observations of the students. Montessori teachers closely watch
each student for evidence of sensitive periods, which are times
during which children are particularly receptive to acquiring
academic skills. Careful observations also allow Montessori
teachers to identify when children are ready to move on to the
next lesson. Their observations are recorded and shared with
each family during meetings of the teacher, parents, and child.
Note: All pictures taken from internet...