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    Corrosion Behaviour of CI

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    Baher Elsheikh
    Gray cast iron contains carbon and silicon and is inexpensive but brittle. White cast iron is extremely hard due to carbon forming iron carbide. Malleable cast iron is produced from white cast iron through heat treatment, forming graphite rosettes that allow for workability. Ductile cast iron, also called nodular cast iron, contains graphite nodules that give it ductility. High-silicon cast iron, with over 14% silicon, has excellent corrosion resistance from a protective silicon dioxide surface layer. It is used for components like drain lines and valves in corrosive environments.

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    Corrosion Behaviour of CI

    Uploaded by

    Baher Elsheikh
    88 views1 page
    Gray cast iron contains carbon and silicon and is inexpensive but brittle. White cast iron is extremely hard due to carbon forming iron carbide. Malleable cast iron is produced from white cast iron through heat treatment, forming graphite rosettes that allow for workability. Ductile cast iron, also called nodular cast iron, contains graphite nodules that give it ductility. High-silicon cast iron, with over 14% silicon, has excellent corrosion resistance from a protective silicon dioxide surface layer. It is used for components like drain lines and valves in corrosive environments.

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    Corrosion Behaviour of CI

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    Gray cast iron contains carbon and silicon and is inexpensive but brittle. White cast iron is extremely hard due to carbon forming iron carbide. Malleable cast iron is produced from white cast iron through heat treatment, forming graphite rosettes that allow for workability. Ductile cast iron, also called nodular cast iron, contains graphite nodules that give it ductility. High-silicon cast iron, with over 14% silicon, has excellent corrosion resistance from a protective silicon dioxide surface layer. It is used for components like drain lines and valves in corrosive environments.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    88 views1 page

    Corrosion Behaviour of CI

    Uploaded by

    Baher Elsheikh
    Gray cast iron contains carbon and silicon and is inexpensive but brittle. White cast iron is extremely hard due to carbon forming iron carbide. Malleable cast iron is produced from white cast iron through heat treatment, forming graphite rosettes that allow for workability. Ductile cast iron, also called nodular cast iron, contains graphite nodules that give it ductility. High-silicon cast iron, with over 14% silicon, has excellent corrosion resistance from a protective silicon dioxide surface layer. It is used for components like drain lines and valves in corrosive environments.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 1

    Corrosion Basics

    Understanding the basic principles and causes of corrosion

    Corrosion Behavior of Cast Irons


    ast iron is a generic able service life of gray cast iron piping,

    C
    many environments. The notable excep-
    sometimes well beyond 100 years. tion is hydrofluoric acid (HF). In fact,
    term that applies to
    these high-silicon irons are the most uni-
    high-carbon/iron al- White Cast Irons versally resistant of the commercial (non-
    loys containing sili- White cast irons have practically all of precious) metals and alloys. Their inher-
    their carbon in the form of iron carbide. ent hardness makes them resistant to
    con. The common These are extremely hard and brittle. erosion-corrosion. A straight high-silicon
    ones are designated as gray Silicon content is low because this ele- iron contains about 14.5% silicon and
    ment promotes graphitization. Graphite 0.95% carbon. This composition must be
    cast iron, white cast iron, mal- formation is related to the rate of cooling closely controlled within narrow limits to
    leable cast iron, and ductile or from the melt, so chilling can produce a provide the best combination of corro-
    nodular cast iron. white iron from one that would normally sion resistance and mechanical strength.
    be gray. The excellent corrosion resistance of
    Gray Cast Irons high-silicon irons is due to the formation
    Malleable Cast Irons of an inert silicon dioxide (SiO2) surface
    Gray cast irons contain about 2 to 4%
    Malleable cast irons are produced by layer, which forms during exposure to the
    carbon and 1 to 3% silicon. These are the
    high-temperature heat treatment of environment.
    least expensive of the engineering metals.
    white irons of suitable composition. The High-silicon cast irons are available
    The dull or grayish fracture is due to the
    graphite forms as rosettes or clusters
    free graphite flakes in the microstructure. only in cast form for drain lines, pumps,
    instead of flakes, and the material shows valves, and other process equipment.
    Gray cast irons can be readily cast into
    good workability (hence the name mal- Because of their low consumption rates,
    intricate shapes because of their excellent
    leable).
    fluidity and relatively low melting points. high-silicon cast irons have also found
    They can also be alloyed for improved extensive use as anodes for impressed
    Ductile Cast Irons
    corrosion resistance and strength. current cathodic protection.
    These materials, also known as nodu-
    In most cases, gray cast iron is about lar cast irons, exhibit ductility in the as-
    twice as resistant to natural waters as steel Other Alloy Cast Irons
    cast form. The graphite is present as nod-
    because of the bonding of rust products In addition to silicon, molybdenum,
    ules or spheroids as a result of special
    by the graphite flakes. In modern engi- nickel, chromium, and copper are added
    ladle additions to the molten metal. The to cast irons for improved corrosion,
    neering practice, most cast-iron piping mechanical properties of ductile cast
    receives an internal cementitious lining abrasion, and heat resistance, and
    irons can be altered by heat treatment enhanced mechanical properties. In par-
    for improved water-side corrosion resis- similar to that used for ordinary steels.
    tance. Soft or low pH waters may cause ticular, copper additions impart better
    The superior mechanical properties of resistance to sulfuric acid (H2SO4) and
    graphitic corrosion, also called graphiti- ductile irons permit the manufacture of
    zation. Graphitization of gray cast iron is atmospheric corrosion.
    thinner-walled piping compared to gray
    the selective dissolution of iron from the cast iron piping with similar strength.
    iron/carbon matrix. The overlapping This article is adapted by MP
    This offers a significant saving in material
    Editorial Advisory Board Member
    graphite flakes that remain provide little costs and in handling.
    resistance to pressure surges or mechani- Norm Moriber from Corrosion Ba-
    cal stresses; however, the graphitized pipe High-Silicon Cast Irons sics—An Introduction, Second Edi-
    can often withstand normal operating When the silicon content of gray cast tion, Pierre R. Roberge, ed. (Hous-
    pressures for many years. This character- iron is increased to more than 14%, it ton, TX: NACE International, 2006),
    istic is partly responsible for the remark- becomes extremely corrosion resistant in pp. 288-290.

    80 MATERIALS PERFORMANCE May 2009

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