N-466 REV.

G ENGLISH OCT / 2001

5.2 The material of tubes shall be compatible with the material of tubesheets, so as to avoid
formation of a galvanic cell.

5.3 Bimetallic tubes may be used, provided they are accepted by PETROBRAS.

5.4 For shell fluids that are electrolyte, the material of baffles, tie-rods and spacers of the
tube bundle shall be compatible with the material of the tubes, so as to avoid formation of a
galvanic cell. These parts may be made of commercial quality materials.

5.5 For service in which the exchanger is classified as of class equal or greater than
ASME 600, it shall be used seamless tube (e. g.: in carbon steel ASTM A 179).

5.6 It is obligatorily used seamless tube when the connection tube x tubesheet is by strength
welding, as standard ASME Section VIII - Division 1, UW-20.

5.6.1 In this case, tubes must be submitted to a hydrostatic test by the tubes manufacturer,
as standard ASME Section II A SA - 450 / SA - 450M.

5.6.2 The hydrostatic test pressure of the tubes shall be the greatest value between:

a) hydrostatic test pressure given by standard ASME Section II A SA - 450 / SA -

450M;
b) hydrostatic test pressure given by standard ASME Section VIII, Divisions 1 or 2
(pursuant the design).

Note: In any of the cases, a) or b), the tube wall stress, determined by standard
ASME Section II A SA - 450 / SA - 450M, shall not surpass 80 % yield strength of
the tube material.

5.7 Welded carbon steel tubes (ASTM specification A 214), when used for corrosive
services or for temperatures over 200 °C shall be subjected, as an additional requirement, to
the following tests:

a) test for local corrosion-susceptibility of welded tubes;

b) hydrostatic test or Eddy Current test.

5.8 Non-metallic anti-corrosive coating, inside the shell, may only be used in exceptional
circumstances, when expressly authorized by PETROBRAS.

5.9 Tubesheets may only be provided with anti-corrosive coating (including clad-plate
construction) on the tube side, i.e., on the side where the tube ends are expanded or welded.
The anti-corrosive coating on the shell side is only allowed when expressly authorized by
PETROBRAS.

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5.10 For tubesheets with anti-corrosive metal coatings, only the clad plate construction (in
accordance with specifications ASTM A 263, A 264 or A 265) is allowed without
PETROBRAS prior approval. Any other type of coating shall be subject to the express
approval of PETROBRAS in every case.

5.11 No corrosion allowance shall be added to heat exchanger tubes, made of any material.

5.12 Corrosion allowances may not be less than the minimum values required by the
standard TEMA.

5.13 The specified corrosion allowance shall be added to the female faces (male and female
flanges) and to grooves (tongue and groove flanges).

5.14 Internal bolts, studs and nuts (e.g. for floating head) shall be made of material
assuredly resistant to corrosion by the shell side fluid. If stress corrosion is possible in carbon
steel bolts, the hardness control with heat treatment, if necessary, shall be specified.

5.15 weld consumables shall be in conformity with standard PETROBRAS N-133.

Consumable shall be qualified by the Certification System of FBTS (Fundação Brasileira de
Tecnologia de Soldagem).

6 SHELL AND CHANNEL

6.1 Shell welds shall be ground on the inside to facilitate the removal of the tube bundle.

6.2 When there is a difference in thickness between shell plates or between the shell and
the cover, the plates shall be aligned by the inside surface.

6.3 For heat exchangers with a coated channel, the channel cover shall also be coated. The
anti-corrosive coating shall extend all the way around the insertion slots of the pass partitions
and the entire seating area of the gasket.

6.4 Whenever there is anti-corrosive lining in the shell or the weight of the tube bundle is
greater than 29.5 kN (3 000 kgf), it is necessary to place slide bars in the tube bundle and
tracks in the shell, to allow the removal of the tube bundle without damaging the coating.
These bars and tracks shall be made of material resistant to corrosion by the shell fluid.

7 GIRTH FLANGES

Girth flanges refer to flanges of the channel, shell, shell cover and floating head cover that do
not belong to nozzles.

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7.1 Types of Girth Flanges

Girth flanges shall be in accordance with the types shown in this item.

7.1.1 Welding Neck Flange

The forged steel welding neck flange may be used for any rating and diameter.

7.1.2 Slip-on Flange

Slip-on flange, forged steel, may be used for ratings 150 and 300 and any standard diameter,
but limited to 400 °C. Slip-on flange shall not be used when the corrosion allowance is
greater than 3 mm.

7.1.3 Ring-Type Flange

Ring-type flanges, forged steel, hot-rolled, seamless, or those made of plate or bar shall be
selected according to the design pressure in accordance with this item.

7.1.3.1 For a design pressure up to and including 2 000 kPa (290 psi), regardless of the
fabrication, ring-type flanges shall comply with one of the Figures 2-4 (7), (8), (8a), (9), (9a),
(10), (10a) or (11) of ASME Code, Section VIII, Division 1, since the corrosion allowance is
less than 3.0 mm.

7.1.3.2 For design pressure over 2 000 kPa (290 psi), regardless of the fabrication,
ring-type flanges shall comply with one of Figures 2-4 (7) or (11) of ASME Code, Section VIII,
Division 1.

7.2 Flange Calculation

7.2.1 Forged steel flanges having all their dimensions (including hole circle, number and
diameter of bolts) exactly in accordance with ASME B.16.5 or ASME B16.47, are accepted
for working pressures and temperatures up to the limits established in this Standard, without
the need for special calculations.

7.2.2 Flanges of any other dimensions or construction systems shall obligatorily be

calculated in accordance with ASME Code, Section VIII, Div. 1, and the calculations shall be
available at any time to PETROBRAS for examination, whenever so requested.

7.3 Fabrication

7.3.1 Welding neck flange obtained by machining a forged ring is only allowed in exceptional
cases and with PETROBRAS approval. In this case, it shall be made a 3 directions traction
test.

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7.3.2 Ring-type flanges made of bar or plate of any rating shall be obtained from rolled or
forged rings, having not more than 2 fully radiographed butt welds. These flanges shall be
heat treated as required in ASME Code Section VIII, Division 1, and the surfaces of the
original plate shall be parallel to the axis of the finished flange. These flanges are only
allowed with PETROBRAS approval.

7.4 Types of Facing and Joints

The types of facing and joints for girth flanges shall be selected according to FIGURE A-1
and to the TABLE A-1 of the ANNEX A.

7.5 Bolts and Holes of Flanges

The minimum diameter of flange bolts shall be 3/4”. All threads shall be according to
ASME B1.1 Class 2A, except as otherwise specified. Bolt holes are Class 2B and shall be
drilled and the seating surfaces of nuts in flanges shall be machined to a minimum finish
having an average roughness of not more than 0.003 mm (0.000125 in). Flange holes shall
be symmetric to design directions N-S or E-W or to the vertical direction.

8 FLANGE OF FLOATING HEAD COVER

The flange of the floating head cover shall be preferably in accordance with Figure 1-6 (d) of
ASME Code Section VIII, Division 1.

9 TUBESHEETS

9.1 Tubesheets may be of forged construction or be made of plate, with forged construction
being adopted whenever possible. If the tubesheet is made of welded plates, the weld shall
be fully radiographed or ultrasonically inspected.

9.2 Tubesheets welded to the shell (or to the channel) shall comply with one of the following
figures in ASME Code Section VIII, Division 1: UW. 13.2 (i), UW. 13.2 (j), UW 13.2 (k) and
UW. 13.3 (all types). Tubesheets with welds as shown in figures UW. 13.2 (h) and UW 13.2
(l) are not acceptable. Tubesheets in accordance with any of the types shown in Figures UW
13.3 shall in all cases be of forged construction, regardless of the diameter and material
used.

9.3 The attachment details for fixed tubesheets shall be in accordance with FIGURE A-2 of
the ANNEX A.

9.4 As a general rule, tubes shall be expanded and broached in the holes of tubesheets.
The tube ends shall exceed by 3 mm the surface of the tubesheet except in the case of
vertical heat exchangers where the tube end must face the surface of the top tubesheet.
There shall be at least 2 expansion slots, on the base metal in each hole of the tubesheet,
approximately 3 mm wide and 0.4 mm deep. In case of cladded tubesheet it must have
1 more expansion slot, made in the clad.

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9.5 For tube-to-tubesheet connection by expansion, the metallic coating shall be at least
9 mm thick so as to fully contain the 3º expansion slot of the tubes. The minimum distance
between the edge of the slot and the outer face of the coating shall be 3 mm.

9.6 Broaching shall not be used in the following cases:

a) service rating equal or greater than ASME 600;

b service with lethal fluid, in only one of the sides (shell side or tubes side), with
operation pressure superior to operation pressure of the other fluid;
c) service whose leakage is inadmissible (e. g.: H2 and H2S), in only one of the
sides (shell side or tubes side), with operation pressure superior to operation
pressure of the other fluid (service).

9.7 The connection tube-to-tubesheet shall be by total strength welding as ASME Code
Section VIII, Division 1, item UW-20 (a) (1), in the cases mentioned in item 9.6. In these
cases, it is only permitted another kind of connection tube-to-tubesheet when explicitly
permitted by PETROBRAS. Always the strength welding is used, the tube shall be expanded
inside the hole.

9.8 For tubesheets with anti-corrosive metallic coating, the anti-corrosive coating shall
extend all the way around the insertion slots of pass partitions and the entire seating area of
the gasket.

9.9 If the tube-to-clad connection is obtained by a seal weld, the minimum thickness of the
clad shall be 3 mm.

9.10 The minimum distance between the edge of the tube holes and the groove for the
peripheral, gasket shall be 1.5 mm in the case of tubes expanded in the tubesheet, and,
3.0 mm for tubes welded to the tubesheet.

10 TUBE BUNDLE

10.1 The maximum recommended weight for the tube bundle is 98.1 kN (10 000 kgf).
Weights exceeding this value shall be approved by PETROBRAS, and in this case, the
manufacturer user shall supply the exchanger with an own device to allow the removal and
assembly of tube bundle.

10.2 The thickness of tube bundle baffles shall not be less than twice the corrosion
allowance adopted for the shell. Wherever necessary, transverse baffles shall be slotted to
allow complete drainage of the shell.

10.3 For tubesheets fitted with “U” tube bundle, the following minimum values shall be
observed for the mean radius of curvature of the tubes:

a) 3/4” outside diameter tubes: 35 mm;

b) 1” outside diameter tubes: 40 mm.

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Notes: 1) “U” bends shall in all cases be one-piece tubes, and circumferential joints will
not be accepted.
2) The manufacturer shall evaluate the need for heat treatment for residual stress
relief after bending.

10.4 Equipment with type A or B front-end head shall be fitted with a special test ring
(companion flange) to permit pressurization of the shell, for testing, with the tubesheet in
place and the head removed. Alternatively, the outside diameter of the tubesheet may be the
same as that of shell flanges.

10.5 The tube bundle of vertical heat exchangers shall be removable from the upper part.

11 FLOATING HEAD COVER

11.1 The floating head cover shall have one of the configurations shown in FIGURE A-3 of
the ANNEX A.

11.2 Bolts of the floating head cover shall be easily accessible with the shell cover removed.

12 EXPANSION JOINT

12.1 General

12.1.1 Expansion joint may only be used when specified or authorized by PETROBRAS, its
adoption being forbidden in the following cases:

a) lethal fluid service;

b) equipment operating with gas at pressure above value to be given as by the
design.

12.1.2 The supplier shall take into account not only the specified external movements to be
absorbed by the expansion joint but also those resulting from the geometry of the joint itself.
Possible interferences between the internal sleeve of the joint and the body due to rotating
movements shall be checked by the supplier.

12.1.3 All joints shall be designed for at least 5 000 coinciding design pressure and
temperature cycles.

12.1.4 The expansion joint shall have an internal sleeve welded to the end upstream from
the flow so as to minimize deposits and erosion on the bellows.

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