Smart Grid
SMART GRID
S. Meikandasivam, Associate Professor, School
Electrical Engineering, VIT University
Content
• Introduction
• Syllabus
• Module 1
• Module 2
• Module 3
• Module 4
• Module 5
• Module 6
• Module 7
• Module 8
SYLLABUS
• Module 1 - SMART GRID ARCHITECTURAL DESIGNS
• Introduction
• Evolution of electric Grid
• Need for smart grid
• Difference between Conventional grid and smart grid
• General View of the Smart Grid Market Drivers
• Functions of Smart Grid Components
• Present development and international policies in
smart grid.
SMART GRID Definition
• By IEEE - The "smart grid" has come to describe a next-
generation electrical power system that is typified by the
increased use of communications and information technology in
the generation, delivery and consumption of electrical energy.
• By ABB - A smart grid is an evolved grid system that
manages electricity demand in a sustainable, reliable and
economic manner, built on advanced infrastructure and
tuned to facilitate the integration of all involved.
Complexity in Existing Grid
Generation: Transmission & Distribution:
1. Freq. 1. Losses
2. Voltage 2. Reactive Power unbalance
3. Optimal Generation Scheduling 3. Routing Power
4. Auto Substations
Power Market:
1. Purchasing Power, Communication:
2. Fuel etc., 1. Lack of measuring data
2. Errored data
3. Limited parameters
4. Time stamped data.
Micro grid/distributed Generation
Consumer ends:
1. Integration Problems
1. Power factor issues
2. Stability issues
2. Voltage fluctuation
3. Scheduling
3. Harmonics
4. Harmonic Injections
4. Environmental disturbances
Capability of Smart Grid
• Handling uncertainties in schedules and power
transfers across regions
• Accommodating renewables
• Optimizing the transfer capability of the transmission
and distribution networks
• Meeting the demand for increased quality and
reliable supply
• Managing and resolving unpredictable events and
uncertainties in operations and planning more
aggressively.
Existing Grid Vs Smart Grid
Smart grid (2 way flow of power)
Key Aspects of Smart Grid Development
POWER SYSTEM
ENHANCEMENT
TESTBED COMMUNICATION
SMART GRID AND STANDARDS
ENVIRONMENT AND
COMPUTATIONAL ECONOMICS
INTELLIGENCE
SMART GRID MARKET DRIVERS
• To improve efficiency and reliability, smart grid must
• Need for increased integration of digital systems to
increase the efficiency of the power system.
• Renovate the Market in the deregulated utility industries
based on system constraints, seasonal & daily demand
fluctuations etc.,
• Requires Updated and Real time controls for the
competitive market to increase the shipment of power
between regions.
• Requires to enhance the grid’s capability to handle the grid
congestions and reduce uncertainties
• Need to integrate more renewable energy resources to
make cost competitive distributed generation.
Identifying Stakeholders
Who is paying for the system?
Who is going to use the system?
Who is going to judge the fitness of the system for use?
What agencies (government) and entities (non-government) regulate any aspect of the system?
What laws govern the construction, deployment, and operation of the system?
Who is involved in any aspect of the specification, design, construction, testing, maintenance and retirement of the
system?
Who will be negatively affected if the system is built?
Who else cares if this system exists or doesn’t exist?
Who have we left out?
Stakeholders and their functions
Smart Grid Architecture Model
Module 2 - SMART GRID COMMUNICATIONS
AND MEASUREMENT TECHNOLOGY
• Communication and Measurement
• Monitoring, PMU, Smart Meters, and Measurements
Technologies
• WAMS, PMU Smart Meters
• Smart Appliances
• Advanced Metering Infrastructure (AMI)
• GIS and Google Mapping Tools Multi agent Systems (MAS)
Technology
• Multi agent Systems for Smart Grid Implementation
• Micro grid and Smart Grid Comparison
Module 3 - PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS TOOLS
FOR SMART GRID DESIGN
• Challenges to Load Flow in Smart Grid and Weaknesses of
the Present Load Flow Methods
• Types
• Load Flow State of the Art: Classical, Extended
Formulations, and Algorithms
• Congestion Management Effect
• Load Flow for Smart Grid Design
• Cases for the Development of Stochastic Dynamic optimal
Power Flow (DSOPF)
• Application to the Smart Grid
• Static Security Assessment (SSA) and Contingencies,
• Contingency Studies for the Smart Grid
References
• http://new.abb.com/smartgrids/what-is-a-smart-grid
• http://www.ieee.org/about/technologies/emerging/emerging_tech_smart_grids.pdf
• https://thehydrogenblog.wordpress.com/2010/04/
• http://www.powergridindia.com/_layouts/PowerGrid/User/ContentPage.aspx?PId=296&LangI
D=english
• https://www.smartgrid.gov/the_smart_grid/
• Richard DeBlasio, Cherry Tom, “Standards for the Smart Grid”, IEEE Energy Energy 2030, 17-18
November, 2008
• Normazlina Binti Mat Isa, Tan Chee Wei, Abd Halim Mohd Yatim, “Smart Grid Technology:
Communications, Power Electronics and Control System”, International Conference on
sustainable energy engineering and application (ICSEEA), 2015
• Alekhya Datta, Parimita Mohanty, Mukesh Gujar, “Accelerated Deployment of Smart Grid
Technologies in India – Present Scenario, Challenges and Way Forward”, IEEE 2014
References
•http://www.sari-
energy.org/PageFiles/What_We_Do/activities/smart_grid_vision_for_india_power_sector_june_2010
/White_paper-
Th_%20Smart_Grid_Vision_for_India/White_Paper_on_the_Smart_Grid_Vision_for_India_-
_final.pdf
•http://www.nist.gov/smartgrid/upload/CARIMET-NIST-wollman-smart-grid-April2015-final.pdf
•http://smartgridstandardsmap.com/
•http://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/index?openform&part=617
•http://smartgridstandardsmap.com/
•http://grouper.ieee.org/groups/scc21/1547_series/1547_series_index.html
