RECOMMENDED CODE OF STANDARD PRACTICE

FOR STEEL JOISTS AND JOIST GIRDERS

Adopted by the Steel Joist Institute April 7, 1931
Revised to May 1, 2001 – Effective August 1, 2002

SECTION 1. 1.6 PERFORMANCE TEST FOR K-SERIES

STEEL JOIST CONSTRUCTION
GENERAL When job tests on a structure are required, joists shall have
bridging and top deck applied as used. In addition to the full
1.1 SCOPE
dead load, the test panel shall sustain for one hour a test
The practices and customs set forth herein are in accor- load of 1.65 times the design live load. After this test load
dance with good engineering practice, tend to insure safe- has been removed for a minimum of 30 minutes, the
ty in steel joist and Joist Girder construction, and are stan- remaining deflection shall not exceed 20% of the deflection
dard within the industry. There shall be no conflict between caused by the test load. The weight of the test panel itself
this code and any legal building regulation. This code shall shall constitute the dead load of the construction and shall
only supplement and amplify such laws. Unless specific include the weight of the joists, bridging, top deck, slab,
provisions to the contrary are made in a contract for the ceiling materials, etc. The design live load shall be the live
purchase of steel joists or Joist Girders, this code is under- load specified and in no case shall it be more than the pub-
stood to govern the interpretation of such a contract. lished joist capacity less the dead load. The cost of such
tests shall be borne by the purchaser.
1.2 APPLICATION
This Code of Standard Practice is to govern as a standard SECTION 2.
unless otherwise covered in the architects’ and engineers’
plans and specifications.
JOISTS AND
1.3 DEFINITION
ACCESSORIES
a) The term Seller as used herein is defined as a company 2.1 STEEL JOISTS AND JOIST GIRDERS
engaged in the manufacture and distribution of steel joists, Steel joists and Joist Girders shall carry the designations
Joist Girders and accessories. and meet the requirements of the applicable Steel Joist
b) The term Material as used herein is defined as steel Institute Specification and Table of latest adoption.
joists, Joist Girders and accessories. K-Series joists are furnished with parallel chords only, and
c) Bay dimensions for the purpose of steel joist erection are with minimum standard end bearing depth of 2¹⁄₂ inches (64
defined in Appendix "A": mm).
LH- and DLH-Series joists are furnished either underslung
1.4 DESIGN or square ended, with top chords either parallel, pitched
In the absence of ordinances or specifications to the con- one way or pitched two ways. Underslung types are fur-
trary, all designs prepared by the specifying professional nished with standard end bearing depth of 5 inches (127
shall be in accordance with the applicable Steel Joist mm) for LH-Series. DLH-Series are furnished with stan-
Institute Specifications and Load Table of latest adoption. dard end bearing depths of 5 inches (127 mm) for section
numbers thru 17 and 7¹⁄₂ inches (191 mm) for section num-
1.5 RESPONSIBILITY FOR DESIGN AND bers 18 and 19. The standard pitch is ¹⁄₈ inch in 12 inches
ERECTION (1:96). The nominal depth of a pitched Longspan Joist is
When Material requirements are specified, the seller shall taken at the center of the span.
assume no responsibility other than to furnish the items list- Joist Girders are furnished either underslung or square
ed in Section 5.2 (a). When Material requirements are not ended with top chords either parallel, pitched one way or
specified, the Seller shall furnish the items listed in Section pitched two ways. Under-slung types are furnished with a
5.2 (a) in accordance with applicable Steel Joist Institute standard end bearing depth of 7¹⁄₂ inches (191mm). The
Specifications of latest adoption, and this code. The Seller standard pitch is ¹⁄₈ inch in 12 inches (1:96). The nominal
shall identify material by showing size and type. In no case depth of a pitched Joist Girder is taken at the center of the
shall the Seller assume any responsibility for the erection of span.
the item furnished. Because Longspan and Deep Long Span Joists may have
exceptionally high end reactions, it is recommended that
the supporting structure be designed to provide a minimum
unit bearing pressure of 750 pounds per square inch (5171
kilo Pascal).

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RECOMMENDED CODE OF STANDARD PRACTICE FOR STEEL JOISTS AND JOIST GIRDERS

2.2 SLOPED END BEARINGS recommended for spans up to and including 60 feet
Where steel joists or Joist Girders are sloped, beveled ends (18288 mm) except where Code requirements for
or sloped shoes may be provided where the slope exceeds erection stability and/or the Steel Joist Institute
¹⁄₄ inch in 12 inches (1:48). For Open Web Steel Joists, Specifications require bolted diagonal bridging.
K-Series, bearing ends will not be beveled for slopes of ¹⁄₄ LH- and DLH-Series Joists exceeding 60 feet (18288
inch or less in 12 inches (1:48). mm) in length shall have bolted diagonal bridging for all
rows.
2.3 EXTENDED ENDS Refer to Section #6 in the K-Series Specifications and
Steel joist extended ends shall be in accordance with Section #105 in the LH/DLH- Specifications for
Manufacturer’s Standard and shall meet the requirements Erection Stability requirements.
of the Steel Joist Institute specification of latest adoption. The l/r ratio for horizontal bridging shall not exceed
2.4 CEILING EXTENSIONS 300. The material sizes shown in TABLES 2.5.1(a) and
2.5.1(b) meet the criteria.
Ceiling extensions shall be furnished to support ceilings
which are to be attached to the bottom of the joists. They Horizontal bridging shall consist of two continuous
are not furnished for the support of suspended ceilings. The steel members, one of which is attached to the top
ceiling extension shall be either an extended bottom chord chord and the other attached to the bottom chord.
element or a loose unit, whichever is standard with the (c) Diagonal cross bridging consisting of angles or other
manufacturer, and shall be of sufficient strength to properly shapes connected to the top and bottom chords, of K-,
support the ceiling. LH-, and DLH-Series Joists shall be used when
required by the applicable Steel Joist Institute stan-
2.5 BRIDGING AND BRIDGING ANCHORS* dards and specifications of latest adoption.
(a) Bridging standard with the manufacturer and comply- Diagonal bridging, when used, shall have an l/r ratio
ing with the applicable Steel Joist Institute specification not exceeding 200.
of latest adoption shall be used for bridging all joists When the bridging members are connected at their
furnished by the manufacturer. Positive anchorage point of intersection, the material sizes in Table 2.5.2
shall be provided at the ends of each bridging row at will meet the above specification.
both top and bottom chords.
* Refer to Appendix “B” for OHSA steel joist erection stability
(b) For the K- and LH-Series Joists horizontal bridging is requirements.

TABLE 2.5.1a
K- SERIES JOIST
MAXIMUM JOIST SPACING FOR HORIZONTAL BRIDGING
**BRIDGING MATERIAL SIZE
Round Rod Equal Leg Angles
SECTION 1/2” round 1 x 7/64 1-1/4 x 7/64 1-1/2 x 7/64 1-3/4 x 7/64 2 x 1/8 2-1/2 x 5/32
NUMBER* (13mm) (25mm x 3mm) (32mm x 3mm) (38mm x 3mm) (45mm x 3mm) (51mm x 3mm) (64mm x 4mm)
r = .13” r = .20” r = .25” r = .30” r = .35” r = .40” r = .50”

3’- 3” 5’- 0” 6’- 3” 7’- 6” 8’- 7” 10’- 0” 12’- 6”

1 thru 9
(991mm) (1524mm) (1905mm) (2286mm) (2616mm) (3048mm) (3810mm)
3’- 0” 4’- 8” 6’- 3” 7’- 6” 8’- 7” 10’- 0” 12’- 6”
10
(914 mm) (1422mm) (1905mm) (2286mm) (2616mm) (3048mm) (3810mm)
2’- 7” 4’- 0” 5’- 8” 7’- 6” 8’- 7” 10’- 0” 12’- 6”
11 and 12
(787mm) (1219mm) (1727mm) (2286mm) (2616mm) (3048mm) (3810mm)

* Refer to last digit(s) of Joist Designation

** Connection to Joist must resist 700 pounds (3114 N)

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RECOMMENDED CODE OF STANDARD PRACTICE FOR STEEL JOISTS AND JOIST GIRDERS

TABLE 2.5.1b
LH SERIES JOISTS

MAXIMUM JOIST SPACING FOR HORIZONTAL BRIDGING

SPANS OVER 60' REQUIRE BOLTED DIAGONAL BRIDGING

**BRIDGING ANGLE SIZE – (EQUAL LEG ANGLE)

1 x 7/64 1-1/4 x 7/64 1-1/2 x 7/64 1-3/4 x 7/64 2 x 1/8 2-1/2 x 5/32
Section (25mm x 3mm) (32mm x 3mm) (38mm x 3mm) (45mm x 3mm) (51mm x 3mm) (64mm x 4mm)
Number* r = .20" r = .25" r = .30" r = .35" r = .40" r = .50"
4' – 7" 6' – 3" 7' – 6" 8' – 9" 10' – 0" 12' – 4"
02, 03, 04
(1397mm) (1905mm) (2286mm) (2667mm) (3048mm) (3759mm)
4' – 1" 5' – 9" 7' – 6" 8' – 9" 10' – 0" 12' – 4"
05 – 06
(1245mm) (1753mm) (2286mm) (2667mm) (3048mm) (3759mm)
3' – 9" 5' – 1" 6' – 8" 8' – 6" 10' – 0" 12' – 4"
07 – 08
(1143mm) (1549mm) (2032mm) (2590mm) (3048mm) (3759mm)
4' – 6" 6' – 0" 7' – 8" 10' – 0" 12' – 4"
09 – 10
(1372mm) (1829mm) (2337mm) (3048mm) (3759mm)
4' – 1" 5' – 5" 6' – 10" 8' – 11" 12' – 4"
11 – 12
(1245mm) (1651mm) (2083mm) (2118mm) (3759mm)
3' – 9" 4' – 11" 6' – 3" 8' – 2" 12' – 4"
13 – 14
(1143mm) (1499mm) (1905mm) (2489mm) (3759mm)
4' – 3" 5' – 5" 7' – 1" 11' – 0"
15 – 16
(1295mm) (1651mm) (2159mm) (3353mm)
4' – 0" 5' – 1" 6' – 8" 10' – 5"
17
(1219mm) (1549mm) (2032mm) (3175mm)

* Refer to last two digits of Joist Designation

** Connection to Joist must resist force listed in Table 104.5.1

TABLE 2.5.2
K, LH & DLH SERIES JOISTS
MAXIMUM JOIST SPACING FOR DIAGONAL BRIDGING

BRIDGING ANGLE SIZE – (EQUAL LEG ANGLE)

1 x 7/64 1-1/4 x 7/64 1-1/2 x 7/64 1-3/4 x 7/64 2 x 1/8
JOIST (25mm x 3mm) (32mm x 3mm) (38mm x 3mm) (45mm x 3mm) (45mm x 3mm)
DEPTH r = .20" r = .25" r = .30" r = .35” r = .40"
12 6' – 6" (1981mm) 8' – 3" (2514mm) 9' – 11" (3022mm) 11' – 7" (3530mm)
14 6' – 6" (1981mm) 8' – 3" (2514mm) 9' – 11" (3022mm) 11' – 7" (3530mm)
16 6' – 6" (1981mm) 8' – 2" (2489mm) 9' – 10" (2997mm) 11' – 6" (3505mm)
18 6' – 6" (1981mm) 8' – 2" (2489mm) 9' – 10" (2997mm) 11' – 6" (3505mm)
20 6' – 5" (1955mm) 8' – 2" (2489mm) 9' – 10" (2997mm) 11 ' – 6" (3505mm)
22 6' – 4" (1930mm) 8' – 1" (2463mm) 9' – 10" (2997mm) 11' – 6" (3505mm)
24 6' – 4" (1930mm) 8' – 1" (2463mm) 9' – 9" (2971mm) 11' – 5" (3479mm)
26 6' – 3" (1905mm) 8' – 0" (2438mm) 9' – 9" (2971mm) 11' – 5" (3479mm)
28 6' – 2" (1879mm) 8' – 0" (2438mm) 9' – 8" (2946mm) 11' – 5" (3479mm)
30 6' – 2" (1879mm) 7' – 11" (2413mm) 9' – 8" (2946mm) 11' – 4" (3454mm)
32 6' – 1" (1854mm) 7' – 10" (2387mm) 9' – 7" (2921mm) 11' – 4" (3454mm) 13' – 0" (3962mm)
36 7' – 9" (2362mm) 9' – 6" (2895mm) 11' – 3" (3429mm) 12' – 11" (3973mm)
40 7' – 7" (2311mm) 9' – 5" (2870mm) 11' – 2" (3403mm) 12' – 10" (3911mm)
44 7' – 5" (2260mm) 9' – 3" (2819mm) 11' – 0" (3352mm) 12' – 9" (3886mm)
48 7' – 3" (2209mm) 9' – 2" (2794mm) 10' – 11" (3327mm) 12' – 8" (3860mm)
52 9' – 0" (2743mm) 10' – 9" (3276mm) 12' – 7" (3835mm)
56 8' – 10" (2692mm) 10' – 8" (3251mm) 12' – 5" (3784mm)
60 8' – 7" (2616mm) 10' – 6" (3200mm) 12' – 4" (3759mm)
64 8' – 5" (2565mm) 10' – 4" (3149mm) 12' – 2" (3708mm)
68 8' – 2" (2489mm) 10' – 2" (3098mm) 12' – 0" (3657mm)
72 8' – 0" (2438mm) 10' – 0" (3048mm) 11' – 10" (3606mm)

MINUMUM A307 BOLT REQUIRED FOR CONNECTION

SERIES *SECTION NUMBER A307 BOLT DIAMETER
K ALL 3/8" (5mm)
LH/DLH 2 — 12 3/8" (5mm)
LH/DLH 13 – 17 1/2" (12mm)
DLH 18 & 19 5/8" (15mm)
*Refer to last digits of joist designation.
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RECOMMENDED CODE OF STANDARD PRACTICE FOR STEEL JOISTS AND JOIST GIRDERS

2.6 HEADERS The joist manufacturer shall not be responsible for the con-
Headers for Open Web Steel Joists, K-Series as outlined dition of the paint if it is not properly protected after delivery.
and defined in Section 5.2 (a) shall be furnished by the
Seller. Such headers shall be any type standard with the SECTION 4.
manufacturer. Conditions involving headers shall be inves-
tigated and, if necessary, provisions made to provide a safe
INSPECTION
condition. Headers are not provided for Longspan Steel
Joists, LH-Series, and Deep Longspan Steel Joists, All joist and Joist Girder inspections shall be made in
DLH-Series. accordance with the provision for inspection in the applica-
ble Steel Joist Institute specification of latest adoption.
2.7 BOTTOM CHORD LATERAL BRACING FOR
JOIST GIRDERS SECTION 5.
Bottom chord lateral bracing shall be furnished when l/ry of
the bottom chord exceeds 240. The lateral bracing shall be
ESTIMATING
that which is standard with the manufacturer, and shall be
of sufficient strength to properly resist any lateral force 5.1 PLANS FOR BIDDING
exerted by the bottom chord of the Joist Girder. Plans to serve as the basis for bids shall show the charac-
ter of the work with sufficient clarity to permit making an
SECTION 3. accurate estimate and shall show the following:
Designation and location of Materials (See Section 5.2
MATERIALS [a] )
Locations and elevations of all steel and concrete sup-
3.1 STEEL
porting members and bearing walls.
The steel used in the manufacture of joists and Joist
Location and length of joist extended ends.
Girders shall comply with the applicable Steel Joist Institute
specification of latest adoption. Location and size of all openings in floors and roofs.
Location of all partitions.
3.2 PAINT
Location and magnitude of concentrated loads as
(a) Standard Shop Paint – The shop coat of paint, when defined in Section 5.5.
specified, shall comply with the applicable Steel Joist
Construction and thickness of floor slabs, roof deck,
Institute specification of latest adoption.
ceilings and partitions.
(b) Disclaimer – The typical shop applied paint that is used
Joists or Joist Girders requiring extended bottom
to coat steel joists and joist girders is a dip applied, air
chords.
dried paint. The paint is intended to be an imperma-
nent and provisional coating which will protect the steel Paint, if other than manufacturer’s standard.
for only a short period of exposure in ordinary atmos-
5.2 SCOPE OF ESTIMATE
pheric conditions.
Since most steel joists and joist girders are painted (a) Unless otherwise specified, the following items shall be
using a standard dip coating, the coating may not be included in the estimate, and requirements shall be
uniform and may include drips, runs, and sags. determined as outlined in Section 5.3 through 5.5.
Compatibility of any coating including fire protective Steel Joists
coatings applied over a standard shop paint shall be Joist Girders
the responsibility of the specifier and or painting con- Joist Extended Ends
tractor.
Ceiling Extensions.
The shop applied paint may require field touch-
up/repair as a result of, but not limited to, the following: Extended bottom chord used as strut.
1. Abrasions from: Bundling, banding, loading and Bridging and bridging anchors.
unloading, chains, dunnage during shipping, Joist Girder bottom chord bracing.
cables and chains during erection, bridging, Headers which are defined as members supported by
installation, and other handling at the jobsite and carrying Open Web Steel Joists, K-Series.
NOTE: Rusting should be expected at any abrasion. One shop coat of paint, when specified, shall be in
2. Dirt accordance with Section 3.2.
3. Diesel smoke (b) The following items shall not be included in the esti-
4. Road salt mate but may be quoted and identified as separate
items:
5. Weather conditions during storage

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RECOMMENDED CODE OF STANDARD PRACTICE FOR STEEL JOISTS AND JOIST GIRDERS

Headers for Longspan Steel Joists, LH-Series. Steel Joist Institute Weight Tables are based on uniformly
Headers for Deep Longspan Steel Joists, DLH-Series. spaced panel point loading conditions and are valid for use
in selecting Joist Girder sizes for gravity conditions that can
Reinforcement in slabs over joists.
be expressed in kips (Kilo Newton) per panel point on the
Centering material and attachments. Joist Girder. When Joist Girders are required to support
Miscellaneous framing between joists for openings at unequal panel point loads or other special loads, a
ducts, dumbwaiters, ventilators, skylights, etc. Joist Girder load diagram shall be provided by the
Loose individual or continuous bearing plates and bolts specifying professional on the structural drawings
or anchors for such plates. with these point loads clearly shown.
Erection bolts for joist and Joist Girder end anchorage. Loads such as Bulb “T”s, purlins, partitions, heavy pipes,
monorail or tramrail type carrier, etc., running normal to the
Horizontal bracing in the plane of the top and bottom length of the joist, or a mechanical unit mounted on the
chords from joist to joist or joist to structural framing joist, are concentrated loads. Where concentrated loads
and walls. occur, the joist must be selected to carry the full combina-
Wood nailers. tion of uniform load plus concentrated load. The magnitude
Moment plates. and location of these concentrated loads shall be shown on
the structural drawings when, in the opinion of the spec-
5.3 JOIST LOCATION AND SPACING ifying professional, they may require special considera-
The maximum joist spacing shall be in accordance with the tion by the manufacturer. Such joists shall be labeled
requirements of the applicable SJI specification and load “Special” on the structural drawings.
table of latest adoption. When Steel Joists are subjected to concentrated and/or
Where sidewalls, wall beams or tie beams are capable of varying loads, the specifying professional shall use the fol-
supporting the floor slab or roof deck, the first adjacent lowing procedure which will allow the:
joists may be placed one full space from these members. 1. Estimator to price the joists.
Longspan Steel Joists and Deep Longspan Steel Joists are 2. Joist manufacturer to design the joists properly.
provided with camber. These joists may have a significant
difference in elevation with respect to the adjacent structure 3. Owner to obtain the most economical joists.
because of this camber. This difference in elevation should A. Sketch the joist(s) on the structural drawings showing
be given consideration when locating the first joist adjacent all loads to be supported.
to a sidewall, wall beam or tie beam. Therefore, it is rec- B. Determine the maximum moment in the joist and
ommended that this joist be located one full space away derive the uniform load that will produce that moment.
from these members. C. Determine the maximum end reaction and derive the
Open Web Steel Joists, K-Series, should be no closer than uniform load that will produce that reaction.
6 inches (152 mm) to these supporting walls or members. D. Using the largest of the 2 uniform loads in B and C
Where partitions occur parallel to joists, there shall be at select a joist from the load table and add an “SP” after
least one typical joist provided under each such partition, the joist designation.
and more than one such joist shall be provided if necessary
to safely support the weight of such partition and the adja- E. Place the designation under the sketch with the follow-
cent floor, less the live load, on a strip of floor one foot (305 ing note:
mm) in width. Where such partitions extend less than “Joist supplier to design joist to support loads as
one-third (¹⁄₃) of the span from the support, special spacing shown above.”
or additional joists shall not be required provided the loads
do not exceed those in Section 5.5. When partitions occur
normal to the joists, they shall be treated as concentrated
loads, and joists shall be investigated as indicated in
Section 5.5.
5.4 ACCESSORIES
Joist accessories standard with the manufacturer shall
comply with applicable Steel Joist Institute specifications of
latest adoption and shall be in accordance with Section 2 of
this Code.
5.5 LOADS
The Steel Joist Institute Load Tables are based on uniform
loading conditions and are valid for use in selecting joist
sizes for gravity loads that can be expressed in terms of
“Pounds per lineal foot” (Newtons per Meter) of joist. The

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RECOMMENDED CODE OF STANDARD PRACTICE FOR STEEL JOISTS AND JOIST GIRDERS

ESTIMATING JOIST SIZE FOR SPECIAL LOADINGS The specifying professional shall compare the equivalent
EXAMPLE: U.S. CUSTOMARY UNITS uniform loads We1 & We2 to the uniform loads tabulated in
the K-Series Load Table. Loads in excess of the load table
8'-0" loads indicate that the specifying professional shall consid-
er using additional joists to reduce the loading or use the
500# 300#
LH-Series Joist and make provisions for 5 deep bearing
160 plf

6'-0" 3'-0"
seats.
LIVE LOAD = 180#/ft

DEAD LOAD = 90#/ft

18"
7'-0"

30'-0"
800#
RL RR
18K9 SP

Joist Supplier to design joist to support loads as shown

above.
160
Total Load = (8) + (180 + 90)30 + 500 + 800
2
+ 300 = 10,300 lbs.

 8 
160(8 )  30 − 3  (180 + 90 )(30 ) 9
RL = + + 500  
2  30  2  30 
 
7 3
+ 800   + 300   =
30
   30 
RL = 5000 lbs.
RR = 5340 lbs.
We1 (L ) 2(5340 )
Assume RR = , W e1 = = 356 lbs/ft
2 30

Point of Max. Mom. = Point of Zero Shear(V) = L1

(dist. from rt. end of Jst)
V = Zero = 5340 - (300+500+800) - (180+90)(L1)
L1 = 13.85 ft.
M @ L1 = 5340(13.85) - 300(10.85) -

800(6.86) - 500(4.85) -
(180 + 90)(13.85) 2

M = 36,903 ft. lbs.

We2 (L ) 8(36,903 )
2

Assume M = , We2 = = 328 lbs./ft.

8 (30)2
Using We1 = 356 LB/ft. @ SPAN = 30',
and D = 18"
Select 18K9 for total load (402) and live load (229) and call
it: 18K9SP

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RECOMMENDED CODE OF STANDARD PRACTICE FOR STEEL JOISTS AND JOIST GIRDERS

ESTIMATING JOIST SIZE FOR SPECIAL LOADINGS: The specifying professional shall compare the equivalent
EXAMPLE: METRIC UNITS uniform loads We1 & We2 to the uniform loads tabulated in
the K-Series Load Table. Loads in excess of the load table
2.44 mm
loads indicate that the specifying professional shall consid-
2.34 KN/m

2.22 kN 1.33 kN
er using additional joists to reduce the loading or use an
1.83 m .91 m LH-Series Joist and make provisions for 127 mm deep
bearing seats.
LIV E LOAD = 2.63 kN/m

DEADLOAD =1.31 kN/m

457 mm
2.13 m

3.56 kN
9.14 m
RL RR

18K9 SP

Joist supplier to design joist to support loads as shown above.

 2.34 
Total Load =  (2.44) + (2.63 + 1.31) 9.14 +
 2 
2.22 + 3.56 + 1.33 =

Total Load = 2.86 + 36.01 + 2.22 + 3.56 +1.33 =

45.98 kN

2.34 (2.44 )  9.14 − ( 2.44 / 3 ) 

RL =  +
2  9.14 
(2.63 + 1.31) 9. 14 + 2.22  2.74  +
 9.14 
2  
 2.13   .91 
3.56   + 1.33  9.14  =
 9.14   
RL = (2.86 x .91) + 18.01 + .67 + .83 +.13 = 22.24 kN
RR = 45.98 - 22.24 = 23.74 kN
We1 (L ) 2(23.75 )
Assume RR = , W e1 = = 5.20 kN/m
2 9.14
Point of Max. Mom. = Point of Zero Shear(V) = L1
(dist. from rt. end of Jst)
V = Zero = 23.75 - (1.31+2.22+3.56)) - (2.63+1.31)(L1)
L1 = 4.23 m.
M @ L1 = 23.75(4.23) - 1.33(3.32) -

2.22(1.49) - 3.56(2.10) -
(2.63 + 1.31)(4.23) 2

=
2
Moment @ L1 = 50.01 kN/m

We2 (L )
2
8(50.01)
Assume M = , Where We2 = = 4.79 N/m
8 , (9.14)2
Using We1 = 5.20 kN/m. @ SPAN = 9.14 m,
and d = 457 mm
Select 18K9 for total load (5.86 kN/m) and live load (3.34
kN/m)
Call it: 18K9SP

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RECOMMENDED CODE OF STANDARD PRACTICE FOR STEEL JOISTS AND JOIST GIRDERS

Due consideration by the specifying professional shall be will be assumed to be correct in the absence of written
given to live loads due to: notice from the Buyer to the contrary. When plans are fur-
1. Ponded rain water. nished by the Buyer which do not agree with the Architect’s
bid plans, such detailed plans shall be considered as a writ-
2. Excessive accumulation of snow in the vicinity of
ten notice of change of plans. However, it shall be the
obstructions such as penthouses, signs, parapets,
Buyer’s responsibility to advise the Seller of those changes
adjacent buildings, etc.
which affect the joists or Joist Girders.
3. Wind uplift.
4. End moments at the joist end supports due to live 6.4 APPROVAL
and/or wind/seismic loads shall be shown on the When joist placement plans are furnished by the Seller,
structural drawings by the specifying professional. prints thereof are submitted to the Buyer and owner for
For moment resisting joists framing near the end examination and approval. The Seller allows a maximum of
of a column, due consideration shall be given to fourteen (14) calendar days in his schedule for the return of
extend the column length to allow a plate type placement plans noted with the owner’s and customer’s
connection between the top of the joist top chord approval, or approval subject to corrections as noted. The
and the column. Preferably, avoid resolving joist Seller makes the corrections, furnishes corrected prints for
end moment forces through the joist bearing seat field use to the owner/customer and is released by the
connection. owner/customer to start joist manufacture.
The structural drawings shall specify that all Approval by the owner/customer of the placement plans,
moment resisting joists shall have all dead loads sections, notes and joist schedule prepared by the Seller
applied to the joist before the bottom chord struts indicates that the Seller has correctly interpreted the con-
are welded to the column. tract requirements, and is released by the owner/customer
to start joist manufacture. This approval constitutes the
The top and bottom chord moment connection owner’s/customer’s acceptance of all responsibility for the
details shall be designed by the specifying profes- design adequacy of any detail configuration of joist support
sional. The joist designer shall furnish the specify- conditions shown by the Seller as part of his preparation of
ing professional with the joist detail information if these placement plans.
requested.
Approval does not relieve the Seller of the responsibility for
The design loads, as determined by the specifying accuracy of detail dimensions on the plans, nor the gener-
professional, shall not be less than that specified al fit-up of joists to be placed in the field.
in the applicable building codes.
6.5 CHANGES
SECTION 6. When any changes in plans are made by the buyer (or
Architect) either prior to or after approval of detailed plans,
PLANS AND or when any Material is required and was not shown on
SPECIFICATIONS plans used as the basis of the bid, the cost of such changes
and/or extra Material shall be paid by the Buyer at a price
6.1 PLANS FURNISHED BY BUYER to be agreed upon between Buyer and Seller.
The Buyer shall furnish the Seller plans and specifications
showing all Material requirements, the layout of walls, SECTION 7.*
columns, beams, girders and other supports, as well as
floor and roof openings and partitions correctly dimen-
HANDLING AND
sioned. The live loads to be used, the wind uplift if any, the ERECTION
weights of partitions and the location and amount of any
The Buyer and/or Erector shall check all materials on arrival
special loads, such as monorails, fans, blowers, tanks, etc.,
at job site and promptly report to Seller any discrepancies
shall be indicated. The elevation of finished floors and roofs
and/or damages. The Buyer and/or Erector shall comply
and bearings shall be shown.
with the requirements of the applicable Steel Joist Institute
6.2 PLANS FURNISHED BY SELLER specification of latest adoption in the handling and erection
of Material.
The Seller shall furnish the Buyer with detailed plans and
lists showing the number, type, locations, spacing, anchor- The Seller shall not be responsible for the condition of paint
age and mark of all Material as may be required for proper finish on Material if it is not properly protected after delivery.
installation. All Material shall be identified with its mark The Seller shall not be responsible for improper fit of
which also appears on the bill of material. The type of shop Material in the case in inaccurate finish dimensions of field
paint, when required, shall be indicated on the drawings. construction work.
* For thorough coverage of this topic, refer to SJI Technical
6.3 DISCREPANCIES Digest #9, “Handling and Erection of Steel Joists and Joist
The specifying professional’s bid plans and specifications Girders”.

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 OPEN WEB, LONGSPAN, AND DEEP LONGSPAN STEEL JOISTS, AND JOIST GIRDERS

SECTION 8.
BUSINESS RELATIONS
8.1 PRESENTATION OF PROPOSALS
All proposals for furnishing Material shall be made on a
Sales Contract Form. After acceptance by the Buyer, these
proposals must be approved or executed by a qualified offi-
cial of the Seller. Upon such approval the proposal
becomes a contract.
8.2 ACCEPTANCE OF PROPOSALS
All proposals are intended for prompt acceptance and are
subject to change without notice.
8.3 BILLING
Contracts on a lump sum basis are to be billed proportion-
ately as shipments are made.
8.4 PAYMENT
Payments shall be made in full on each invoice without
retention.
8.5 ARBITRATION
All business controversies which cannot be settled by direct
negotiations between Buyer and Seller shall be submitted
to arbitration. Both parties shall sign a submission to arbi-
tration and if possible agree upon an arbitrator. If they are
unable to agree, each shall appoint an arbitrator and these
two shall appoint a third arbitrator. The expenses of the
arbitration shall be divided equally between the parties,
unless otherwise provided for in the agreements to submit
to arbitration. The arbitrators shall pass finally upon all
questions, both of law and fact, and their findings shall be
conclusive.

91
REFERENCED SPECIFICATIONS, CODES AND STANDARDS

The following documents are referenced in these Specifications and Code

ASTM A6/A6M -00a

ASTM A36/A36M -00a
ASTM A242/242M -00a
ASTM A370 -97a
ASTM A529/A529M -00
ASTM A572/A572M -00
ASTM A588/A588M -00
ASTM A606 -98
ASTM A1008/A1008M -01
ASTM A1011/A1011M -00
AWS A5.1 -91
AWS A5.5 -96
AWS A5.17 -97
AWS A5.18 -93
AWS A5.20 -95
American Institute of Steel Construction Specification for Structural Steel Buildings (Allowable Stress Design and Plastic
Design) – June 1, 1989, Ninth Edition.
American Iron and Steel Institute Specification for Design of Cold-Formed Steel Structural Members – 1996, Supplement #1,
Approved July 30, 1999 – Printed June 2000
29 CFR Part 1926 Safety Standards for Steel Erection, – §1926.757 Open Web Steel Joists - January 18, 2001
SJI Technical Digest #3 – Structural Design of Steel Joist Roofs to Resist Ponding Loads – May 1971.
SJI Technical Digest #5 – Vibration of Steel Joist-Concrete Slab Floors, Revised March 1988.
SJI Technical Digest #6 – Structural Design of Steel Joist Roofs to Resist Uplift Loads, July 1998.
SJI Technical Digest #8 – Welding of Open Web Steel Joists, August 1983.
SJI Technical Digest #9 – Handling and Erection of Steel Joists and Joist Girders, July 1987.
SJI Technical Digest #11 – Design of Joist-Girder Frames, July 1999
Steel Structures Painting Council – SSPC Paint Specification No. 15, May 1, 1999

92