Volume 5, Issue 4, April – 2020 International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology

ISSN No:-2456-2165

Effectiveness of Structure Teaching Programme on

Practice Regarding Prevention of Breast
Engorgement among Postnatal Mothers in Haryana
Kumari Sunita Rani Deepika
Professor Nursing Student
College of Nursing, PGIMS, Rohtak College of Nursing, PGIMS, Rohtak

Abstract:- Breast feeding is the first bonding between women when no treatment is given. 6 Breast engorgement is
mother and child, which improve psychological bond responsible for puerperal fever in 13.3% of non - breast
and prevent from breast engorgement. In This study a feeding mothers.7 Although many medications are
quantitative approache and research design was pre- compatible with breast feeding, its always a good idea to
experimental with one pretest group one posttest group minimize the use of medications when nursing. 8 The WHO
was used to collect data. The data was collected by Non recommends that, "All mothers should have start early
probability convenience sampling technique from (30) breast feeding and continue exclusive breast feeding for 6
postnatal mothers. Data was collected using months and timely addup of adequate and safe
observational checklist (15) statement. Pretest mean complementary foods with continued breast feeding up to
score of practice regarding prevention of breast two years or beyond".9 Breast feeding empowers women
engorgement was 5.3 and post-test mean score was 11.2. and may feel good and baby brings joy to the mother. The
It Shows teaching was effective which improve practice feeling of the mother gets happy and when she continue to
of mothers, and measured by ‘t’ test (33.97). There was nourish her baby at her breast and see the baby grow and
not significant relationship between selected thrive on breast milk is awesome. 10
demographic variables with practice of postnatal
mothers.  Purpose of Study
The study purpose was improve the practice of
Keywords:- Structured Teaching Programme, Practice, postnatal mothers related to breast feeding and maintain
Breast Engorgement, Postnatal Mothers. hygiene and cleaniness which prevent from breast
engorgement.
I. INTRODUCTION
 Objectives
From the 3rd to the 6th day after delivery, when the  To assess the previous practice of the postnatal mothers
milk normally "Comes in" the breasts may be full. This is a regarding prevention of breast engorgement.
physiological, and with effective suckling and removal  To assess the post test practice of the postnatal mothers
milk by the infant, rapidly resolves. A full breast feels regarding prevention of breast engorgement.
warm,hot, heavy and hard.1 The milk usually flows well  To find out the association between post test practice
and sometimes drip out spontaneously. It is easy for the score with selected demographic variables.
infant to suckle and remove the milk. An engorged breast is
enlarged, swollen and painful. It may appear shiny,  Hypothesis
painfull and oedematous with diffuse red areas. 2 The H1: There is a significant difference between pre-test
nipple may be stretched . The milk often does not flow and post-test practice scores of postnatal mother regarding
easily, and it may be problem for the baby to attach to the prevention of breast engorgement.
breast for suckle until the swelling is reduced. 3National H2:- There is a significant association between the
surveys have shown that painful breasts are the 2nd most mean post-test practice scores of postnatal mother
common reason that women give up breast feeding in the regarding prevention of breast engorgement with their
first two weeks after birth. One factor contributing to such selected socio demographic variables.
pain can be breast engorgement. 4Correct breast feeding
technique goes a long way in ensuring successful breast  Operation Definition
feeding. In correct technique may contribute to breast  Assess:-In this study assess refers to a statistical
engorgement. The most common problems associated with measurement of practice of postnatal mothers regarding
the breast feeding are infection, breast engorgement, prevention of breast engorgement.
mastitis, cracked nipple or sore nipple, inverted nipple  STP:-In this study STP was structured teaching
other infection etc. Out of these breast engorgement and programme prevention of breast engorgement has
mastitis are the most common and severe problem that the achieved the desired outcome as measured by gain in
mother encounter with.5 Cessation of lactation is associated post test practice score.
with moderate to serve engorgement and pain in 2/3rd of

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Volume 5, Issue 4, April – 2020 International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology
ISSN No:-2456-2165
 Prevention:- The steps which is undertaken to avoid  Dependant variable :-practice of postnatal mothers.
the occurrence of breast engorgement.  Socio demographic variables: - Age, occupation,
 Breast Engorgement:- It refers to the sense of breast education, parity, type of the family, family income.
fullness experienced by postnatal women which will
be assessed in terms of characters such as swelling,  Rsearch Setting
tenderness, warmth, throbbing pain, low-grade fever, The study was conducted in PGIMS, ROHTAK,
hardness of breast tissue and heaviness. HARYANA
 Postnatal mothers:- : In this study, postnatal mothers
are the women who has given birth and admitted in  Population
MCH wards . The population includes in this were who admitted
 Practice : the usual and expected way of doing which and deliver a child in PGIMS, Rohtak, Haryana.
prevent from breast engorgement.
 Target population: in this study target population is
 Delimitations postnatal mothers who were admitted in postnatal ward
The study is delimited to: in PGIMS, Rohtak,Haryana.
 The postnatal mothers who admitted in postnatal ward.  Accessible population: in this study accessible
 Mothers who can speak and understand Hindi and population is postnatal mothers who were admitted in
English. PGIMS,Rohtak, Haryana.
 Mothers who wants to participate in the study.
 Sample
 Conceptual Framework of the Study This study includes 30 postnatal mothers who were
Conceptual framework is a process which form admitted in postnatal ward in PGIMS, Rohtak, Haryna.
thought, idea and utilized in research design. Conceptual
framework provide the direction to the researcher to  Sample Size
collect data.Conceptual framework of the present study There were 30 postnatal mothers who fulfilled the
was input, process and output which define by ‘Ludwig inclusive criteria of the study.
Von Bertanlanffy’.
 Sampling Technique
O1 X O2 Non-probability convenient sampling technique was
O1- Assess the previous practice of postnatal mothers used to collect the data from postnatal mothers.
X- Structured teaching programme which improve practice
O2- Assess the posttest practice level of the postnatal  Development of Tool
mothers Section A-Distribution by demographic variables, it
includes 6 questions.
II. METHODOLOGY
It includes sample Age, Occupation , Education,
 Research Approache Parity, Type of the family, family income
Quantitative approache was used to assess the practice
of postnatal mothers. Section b: checklist regarding practice.

 Rresearch Design It consists of 15 statement, to assess the practice of

Pre experimental research design with one group postnatal mothers on selected aspects of prevention of
pretest and one group post design was used to assess the breast engorgement.
practice level of mothers.
The respondent was requested to tick (√) mark against
 Variables the correct responses.
Independent variables: structured teaching programme
on prevention of breast engorgement Scoring key Each statement have one correct answer
and will be given score of one if answer is yes .if answer is
no then scoring is zero.

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Volume 5, Issue 4, April – 2020 International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology
ISSN No:-2456-2165
III. RESULT

sample characteristics F Inadequ-ate Moder-ate Adeq- X2 df P value Result

uate 0.05
Age
a)18-21 year
b)22-25 year 3 0 1 2 0.06 2 0.96 NS
c)26-30 year 21 0 8 13
d)31-35 year 6 0 2 4
0 0 0 0

Education of mother
a)illiterate 6 0 4 2
b)primary 15 0 5 10 4.3 3 0.23 NS
c)middle 3 0 2 1
d)secondary 6 0 1 5
and above
Type of family
a)nuclear 12 0 4 8
b)joint 6 0 2 4 3.2 3 0.35 NS
c)extended 9 0 6 3
d)blended 3 0 2 1
Occupation of mother
a) laborer 3 0 2 1
b)Private employee 18 0 8 10 3
c)Govt. employee 3 0 1 2 1.0 0.79 NS
d)Self employed 6 0 2 4

Family income
a)Rs. Less than 5000 3 0 2 1
b)Rs. 5001-10000 6 0 5 1
c)Rs. 10001-30000 12 0 7 5 1.1 3 0.77 NS
d)Rs. 300001 and 9 0 6 3
above
Parity
a)Primipara 15 0 9 6
b)Second para 9 0 5 4
c)Multipara 3 0 1 2 0.85 3 0.83 NS
d)Grandpara 3 0 2 1
Table 1:- Association between post-test practice score with demographic variables N=30

Table shows a chi- square test is used to determine the association between the practice with selected demographic
variables. There was not association between Age (0.06), Education of mother (4.3), Type of family (3.2), Occupation of mother
(1.0), family income (1.1), parity (0.85), regarding prevention of breast engorgement.

Hence there was not significant relationship between selected demographic variables and practice of postnatal mothers
regarding prevention of breast engorgement.

S.no Practice Criteria Pre-test Post-test t value Result

percentage Mean SD percentage Mean SD

1 Poor practice 63.3% 0% 33.97 Significant
2 Good practice 36.6% 5.3 0.75 6.6% 11.2 0.58
3 Excellent practice 0% 93.3%
Table 2:- Evaluation of the Effectiveness of STP on prevention of Breast engorgement among postnatal mothers. N=30

The difference between pre-test mean score and post-test score was 5.9. The obtained t value is 33.97 is greater than the table
value at 0.05 level of significance. Therefore t value is found to be significant. There is remarkable improvement in the practice so
the structured teaching programme was effective. Hence h1 was accepted

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Volume 5, Issue 4, April – 2020 International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology
ISSN No:-2456-2165

Fig 1:- Diagrammatic Presentation of score of previous (pre-test) practice regarding prevention of Breast engorgement among
postnatal mothers.

Fig 2:- Diagrammatic Presentation of post-test score of practice regarding prevention of Breast engorgement among postnatal
mothers.

Fig 3:- Diagrammatic Presentation of Mean Score and Standard Deviation of practice regarding prevention of Breast engorgement
among postnatal mothers.

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Volume 5, Issue 4, April – 2020 International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology
ISSN No:-2456-2165
IV. CONCLUSION

The study conclude that there is poor practice of

postnatal mothers regarding prevention of breast
engorgement. Health education and structured teaching
programme improves the practice of mothers.

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[3]. Lawrence R A; Breast feeding a guide for the medical
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