Scribd
Upload
73 views2 pages

The Following Forces Act On Vehicle in Motion

The document discusses the various forces that act on a vehicle in motion. It identifies six main forces: (1) aerodynamic drag, which is caused by air resistance and depends on factors like vehicle profile and surface smoothness; (2) aerodynamic lift, which can cause loss of traction; (3) side force during turning from centrifugal force; (4) yawing or bouncing of the vehicle body vertically; (5) rolling movement about the vehicle's longitudinal axis during cornering from centrifugal force; and (6) various suspension components are used to control these movements, like anti-roller bars and stabilizers.

Uploaded by

sou.bera
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
73 views2 pages

The Following Forces Act On Vehicle in Motion

The document discusses the various forces that act on a vehicle in motion. It identifies six main forces: (1) aerodynamic drag, which is caused by air resistance and depends on factors like vehicle profile and surface smoothness; (2) aerodynamic lift, which can cause loss of traction; (3) side force during turning from centrifugal force; (4) yawing or bouncing of the vehicle body vertically; (5) rolling movement about the vehicle's longitudinal axis during cornering from centrifugal force; and (6) various suspension components are used to control these movements, like anti-roller bars and stabilizers.

Uploaded by

sou.bera
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 2

The following forces act on vehicle in motion:

(1) Aerodynamic drag:.

 Aerodynamic means the behavior of the air motion relative to the


car body. Aerodynamic drag is also called as air resistance.
 The total aerodynamic drag of a vehicle include many factors such
as profile drag (57%), induced drag (8%), skin friction (10%),
interference drag (15%) and cooling and ventilation drag (10%).
 Stream line of air flow around the vehicle should be continuous and
separation of the boundary layer with its attendant vertices should
be avoided.
 Skin drag coefficient should be decrease by smooth and well-
polished of body surface.
 The accessories such as mirror, door handle aerials and badges
which project outward from normal surface of body produce
interference drag and projection below the vehicle such as axle,
propeller shaft, tow bar also contribute interference drag hence
such projection should be avoided.

(2) Aerodynamic lift:

 It is the vertical component of the resultant force caused by the


pressure distribution on the vehicle body.
 The aerodynamic lift and pitching moment are undesirable effects.
The aerodynamic lift tends to reduce the pressure between the tyre
and the ground. This causes the loss of steering on the front axle
and loss of traction on the rear axle.
 Pitching causes rear wheel lift off the ground and reduces available
traction. It is the rocking chair or rotating action about the
transverse axis through the vehicle parallel to ground. Due to
pitching, the front suspension moves out of phase with the rear
resulting in rocking effect in a vehicle.

(3) Side force:

 The imbalance of the wheel due to centrifugal force acts on the


vehicle during turning which produces a side thrust.
 To sustain that force, the plane of the wheel makes some angle with
the direction of motion of the vehicle. This is achieved by the
direction of tyre which is flexible.
 The angle form during taking turn to sustain the side thrust is known
as slip angle and the force produce to counter acts the side thrust is
called as cornering force.
(4) Yawing movement (Bouncing):

 It is vertical movement of the complete body .When complete body


of vehicle goes up and down which is known as bounce or bouncing.
Depending upon the movement of front end or rear end the bounce
is known as front end bounce or rear end bounce.

(5) Rolling movement:

 It is the movement of a vehicle about its longitudinal axis produced


due to centrifugal force act during cornering.
 The retarding and cornering forces are applied at road levels but the
centre of gravity of a vehicle is at a certain height. During cornering,
a turning couple is produced about the longitudinal axis of the
vehicle owing to centrifugal force acting at centre of gravity and
forces acting at the point of contact of road and tyre patch. This
results in a motion known as rolling.
 A combination of rolling and pitching is called diagonal pitch.

(6) Remedies:

 In order to control all the above suspension movements; anti roller


bar, stabilizer, pitch and roll control bars, hydraulic systems,
mechanical levelling devices etc. are provided to vehicles.

You might also like