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Example Flange Beam PDF

The document provides design details for beam 2/A-D of a school building constructed using cast in-situ concrete. It includes design calculations for maximum moment and shear at mid-span and supports. Reinforcement is designed for the beam to resist bending and shear stresses. Minimum and maximum reinforcement limits are checked. Crack control and deflection criteria are also satisfied.

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Farhana Hussin
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590 views17 pages

Example Flange Beam PDF

The document provides design details for beam 2/A-D of a school building constructed using cast in-situ concrete. It includes design calculations for maximum moment and shear at mid-span and supports. Reinforcement is designed for the beam to resist bending and shear stresses. Minimum and maximum reinforcement limits are checked. Crack control and deflection criteria are also satisfied.

Uploaded by

Farhana Hussin
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Example 1:

Figure above shows a plan view of a school building. It is constructed using cast in-
situ method and the slab spans 3 x 8 m each. Prepare a complete design of beam
2/A-D for both maximum moment and maximum shear at mid-span and support.

Design data:
Slab thickness = 110 mm
Characteristic dead load (including self weight), gk = 15 kN/m
Characteristic live load, qk = 9 kN/m
Nominal cover, c = 30 mm
Concrete’s characteristic strength, fck = 25 N/mm2
Steel characteristic strength (main), fyk = 500 N/mm2
Beam size, bw x h = 225 x 500 mm
Design Moment, M
Design Ultimate Load, w
w = 1.35gk + 1.5qk
= 1.35(15) + 1.5(9)
= 33.75 kN/m

Design Moment, M

F = wL = ( 33.75 ) x ( 8 ) = 270 kN
w = 33.75 kN

121.5 kN 148.5 kN 162 kN

162 kN 148.5 kN 121.5 kN


237.6 kN.M 237.6 kN.M

194.4 kN.M 151.2 kN.M 162 kN.M


194.4 kN.M
Calculate Effective Depth, d
• Assume
Ø bar = 20 mm
Ø link = 8 mm
• d = h – c - Ø link - Ø bar/2 = 500 – 30 – 8 - 20/2 = 452 mm
Effective Flange Width
Effective Flange Width

beff = ∑ beff i + bw < b

bw = 225mm
b = b1 + b2 + bw = 3000mm
beff i = 0.2bi + 0.1 lo < 0.2 lo

lo values
Mid span A-B & C-D => lo = 0.85 (8000) = 6800 mm
Mid span B – C => lo = 0.7 (8000) = 5600 mm

Since maximum moment at Span A-B & C-D, so lo= 6800mm

Mid span A-B & C-D

bi = b1= b2 = (3000 – 225)/2 = 1388 mm

beff i = 0.2(1388) + 0.1 (6800) < 0.2 (6800)


beff i = 958< 1360 === ok

So,
beff = (beff 1 + beff 2) + bw < b = (958 + 958) + 225 = 2141 < 3000 ===ok
Main Reinforcement for span A-B & C-D

M = 0.09FL = 194.4 kNm


Mf = 0.567 fck b hf (d – 0.5 hf) = 0.567 (25) (2141) (110) (425 – [0.5 x110])
= 1235 kNm
So,
M < Mf ==== Neutral axis within the flange

Design Longitudinal Reinforcement

K = M / fckbd2
= 194.4 x 106
25 (2141) (425)2
= 0.02 < 0.167
so, used singly reinforcement

z = d (0.5 +  (0.25 – k / 1.134)


= d (0.5 +  (0.25 – 0.02 / 1.134)
= 0.98d < 0.95d
so take z = 0.95d
As = M / 0.87fykz
= 194.4 x 106
0.87(500) (0.95 x 425)
Asreq = 1106 mm2
From Table A.1, provide 4H20, Asprov = 1260 mm2

Checking max and min steel areas


As,min = 0.13bd/100
= 0.13(225 x 425) / 100
= 124.3 mm2, As > As min  ok

As,max = 4.0bh/100
= 4(225 x 425) / 100
= 3825 mm2, As max > As  ok
Shear reinforcement design
Vmax =162 kn

VRd,c = [0.12 k (100 1 fck)1/3 ]bw d

k = 1 +(200/d) = 1 + (200/452) = 1.67 < 2 (ok)


1 = Asl/(bw d) = 1260/(225 x 452) = 0.01< 0.02 (ok)

VRd,c = [0.12(1.67)(100x0.01x25)1/3](225)(452)
= 59.6kN

Since VRd,c < V,Ed therefore shear reinforcement is required.


Based on  = 22o
V,Rd,max (22) = [0.36*bw*d(1-fck/250)*fck]/[cot  + tan ]
= [0.36(225)(452)(1-25/250)(25)]/[cot 22o + tan 22o]
= [823.77 / 2.5 + 0.4]
= 284.06 kN

Since V,Rd, max(22) > VEf, therefore

Determine shear link


Asw/s > VEd /[0.78 d fyk cot ]
> 162kN/[0.78*452*500*cot(22)]
> 0.37

Select spacing, s = 250 mm (Table A.4)


Maximum link spacing
Smax = min(600, 0.75d)
= min (600, 0.75d)
= min (600, 0.75 (452))
= min (600, 339)

Since s = < smax , therefore the link spacing is ok

Check min shear link areas


[Asw/s]min > [0.08√fck /fyk]*(bw sin α)
> [0.08√(25)/500]*(225)(1)
> 0.18

H8@250 c/c is acceptable


Design Longitudinal Reinforcement at support

• Maximum moment at support B & C (design as rectangular section)


• M = 0.11 FL = 236.6 kNm

K = M / fckbd2
= 237.6 x 106
25 (225) (452)2
= 0.207 > 0.167
so, used doubly reinforcement (compression steel is required)

z = d 0.5 +  (0.25 – K / 1.134)


= d 0.5 +  (0.25 – 0.167 / 1.134)
= 0.82d < 0.95d
so take z = 0.85d

d’ = 30 + Ø link + 0.5 Ø bar


= 30 + 8 + 10 =48mm
Compression Steel, As’
As’ = (K – Kbal)fckbd2)
0.87fyk (d –d’)
= (0.207 – 0.167)(25 x 225 x 4522)
0.87 (500)(452 – 48)
= 261 mm2
From Table A.1, provide 2H20, As’ = 628 mm 2

Tension steel, As
As = Kbalfckbd2 + As’
0.87fyk z
= 0.167 x 25 x 225 x 4522 + 261
0.87 x 500 x 0.82 x 452
= 1190 mm2
From Table A.1, provide 4H20, As = 1260 mm 2
Crack Checking
Check min spacing of reinforcement
Clear distance between bars, s
s = (width,b – 2cnom – 2no of Ø link - no of Ø bar)
No. of spacing
= 225 – (2x30) – (2x8) - (4x20)
3
= 89
3
= 23mm < max[Øbar ; dg (say 20 mm)+5 mm ; 20]

Check max bar spacing


fs = fyk x Gk + 0.3Qk x 1
1.15 (1.35Gk + 1.5Qk) δ

= [500/1.15 ] x [(15 + 0.3(9)) / (1.35(15) + 1.5(9))] x 1


= 228 N/mm2
[From Table 7.3N, take wk = 0.3 mm, max clear spacing is 150 mm > 23 mm

→ Crack check passed


Deflection
ρ = As prov/bd
= 1260/(225 x 452)
= 0.012 ρ < ρo
ρo = √fck x 10-3
= √25 x 10-3
= 0.005

From Table 7.4N, for an continous beam (end span) K = 1.0


(l/d)basic = K 11 + 1.5√fck ρo + 1 √fck √ ρ’
ρ – ρ’ 12 ρo

= 1.3 11 + 1.5(√25) 0.005


0.012 - 0
= 1.3(11 + 3.41)
= 24.60 mm
310/σs = 500/[fyk (As,req/As,pro)]
310/σs = 500/[500(1106/1260)]

(l/d)allowable = (l/d)basic x 310/σs x 7/span


= 24.06 x 1.14 x 7/8
= 23.45mm
(l/d)actual = 8000/452
= 17.7mm

(l/d)allowable > (l/d)actual → the deflection is satisfied.

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