Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani- K.K. Birla Goa Campus Test-I, Semester-II, 2015-2016 Closed Book CHE F244, Separation Processes-I Feb. 25, 2016 Time: 1 Ht Max. Marks: 40 an (10 Marks) In an experimental determination of diffusivity of toluene in air, Stefan’s method is being used. A vertical glass tube 3 mm diameter is filled with liquid toluene to a depth of 20 mm from the top open end. After 275 hours at 39.4 °C and a total pressure of 1 atmosphere, the level has dropped to 80 mm from the top. Assuming air is non diffusing, estimate the diffusivity. Given the density of liquid toluene is 850 kg/m’, vapor pressure of toluene at 39.4 °C is 7.64 kKN/m” and molecular weight of toluene is 92. Q) (10 Marks) Water is used to absorb CO» from a No-CO» mixture in a unit operating at 10 °C and 2 MPa. The average gas and liquid phase mass transfer coefficient are 4.0 and 48.0 kmol/m?.h respectively. Henry’s law for the CO,-water system at 10 °C is p=1.05x10°x, where p is the partial pressure (in kPa) os CO> in the gas phase and x is the aqueous phase molar concentration of CO>. Water is assumed to be non volatile and the solubility of Np in water is neglected. (a). Calculate the overall mass transfer coefficients, K, and Ky. (b).At a certain location in the absorption unit, the mole fraction of CO; in the liquid and gas phase were measured to be 0.0005 and 0.1 respectively. Estimate the interfacial mole fractions of CO) at this location. (c). At the location in part (b), obtain the rate of CO» absorption for an interfacial area of 0.6m”. Q3) (8 Marks) A stream of air at 100 kPa pressure and 300K is flowing on the top surface of a thin flat sheet of solid naphthalene of length 0.2 m with a velocity of 20 m/sec. the other data are: Mass diffusivity of naphthalene vapor in air = 610° m’/sec, Kinematic viscosity of air = 1.5x10° m’.sec and concentration of naphthalene at the air solid naphthalene interface =1%10° kmol/m’. Calculate: (a). The average mass transfer coefficient over the flat plate. (b). The rate of loss of naphthalene from the surface per unit width For heat transfer over a flat plate, convective heat transfer coefficient for laminar flow can be calculated by the equation Nu =0.664Re**Sc", Analogous mass transfer equation can be used for this question. Q4) (12 Marks) Nicotine is to be extracted from liquor by using solvent in a three stage cross current device. The feed rate is 2000 kg/h, containing 10 mass% nicotine. 95% of the solute has to be recovered. The solvent has 0.001 mass% nicotine in it. The equilibrium in the system can be expressed as Y’=0.85X’, where Y’ is kg of nicotine per kg of nicotine free feed and X’ is kg of nicotine per kg of nicotine free solvent. If equal amount of solvent are used in the stages, calculate the total solvent required.Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani- K.K. Birla Goa Campus Test-II, Semester-II, 2015-2016 Open Book CHE F244, Separation Processes-I March 31, 2016 Time: 1 Hr. Max. Marks: 40 Qn (10Marks) Gas from petroleum refinery has its concentration of HyS reduced from 0.03 (kmol of H2S /kmol inert gas) to 1% of this value by scrubbing with a solvent in a counter current tower at 27 °C and 1 atm pressure. The equilibrium relation is given by Y"= 2X, where X and Y are the mole ratio. Solvents enters free of H2S and leaves at a concentration of 0.013 kmol of H2S /kmol of solvent. If the flow rate of incoming gas is 0.015 k mol/sec.m’, calculate: (a). The Number of Transfer Unit (b). The Height of Transfer Unit (c). The height of absorber used. K-% Given: Kya= 0.04 kmol / (m’ of tower volume xs x AY) and NTU = -————}—-2___ G-%)-G%-h) Q2) (10 Marks) If 80 kmol/h of a gas mixture containing 10 mole% of the solute A is contacted with water (solute free) in a counter current packed tower in order to remove 95% of the solute, answer the following questions using the mole fraction units of concentration. The equilibrium is described Henry’s law: ya=2.0x, (a) If 152 kmol/h water is fed to the top of the tower what are the overall gas phase driving forces at the top and bottom? (b) If 200 kmol/h of water is used, what is the overall gas phase driving force at a section of the column where 50 % of the solute has been absorbed? (c) What is the slope of the operating line at the section of tower referred in part (b) above? What is the value of the absorption factor at the section referred in part (b) above? Q) (20 Marks) A liquid mixture containing 25 mole% methanol and 75 mole% water in which components are mixed in all proportion is heated at a constant pressure of | atm from a temperature of 60 "Cto 100 °C. Using the following experimental T-x-y diagram, answer the following: (a). At what temperature does vaporization begins? - (b). What is the composition of the first bubble formed (which is in equilibrium with liquid)? (©). At what temperature does the last drop of liquid will evaporate? (d). What is the composition of the last drop of liquid in the above case? (©).After partial evaporation of the mixture, the equilibrium liquid and vapor composition are found to be 0.158 and 0.527 respectively. What is the temperature at which the evaporation takes place? What is the amount of vapor and liquid form in the process? (In part ‘C” after partial vaporization and after reaching equilibrium the vapor removed and an additional 35 mole% of liquid is vaporized by the same techniques. What is the composition of the resulting residual liquid and vapor and temperature of the mixture?BIRLA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY AND SCIENCE, PILANI- K. K. BIRLA GOA CAMPUS 2" Semester, 2016-2017, CHE F244- Separation Processes-I Comprehensive Examination, (open book) Date: 09/05/2016 Time: 180 Minutes Max. Marks: 80 Qu. (15 Marks) A feed mixture with an initial composition of 30 mole% A is to be separate into an overhead product of 95 mole% and 4 mole% bottom product. Feed enters as a saturated liquid and a total condenser is used. The equilibrium H-x-y and x-y plots are given in Fig.1. Determine (a). The minimum reflux ratio (Rn) (d).Re-boiler duty in case (b) (b). The number of stages for R=2Rm (c). The feed plate and location in case (b) (©). Condenser duty in case (b) (). Number of stages required at total reflux Q2. (12 Marks) 250 kg of an aqueous solution of pyridine containing 50% pyridine by weight is extracted twice using 200 kg chlorobenzene each time. The equilibrium curve and tie line data point are as shown in Fig.2 (a) What will be the concentration of pyridine in the rafinate? (b) Estimate the % extraction of pyridine. Q3. (8 Marks) A continuous rectification column is used to separate a binary mixture of A and B. Distillate is produced at a rate of 100 kmol/h and contains 98 mole % A. The mole fraction of A in the liquid (x) and in the vapor (y) respectively from the two adjacent ideal plates in the enrichment section are as follows: Stage x ] y | number | laa 0.65 0.82 n+T 0.56 0.76 The latent heat of vaporization is the same for all compositions. Feed is a saturated liquid. Calculate the reflux ratio and the vapor rate in the stripping section. ; Q4. (10Marks) 10 kmol of a feed having 65 mole % benzene and 35 mole % toluene is batch distillate at 1 atm pressure. Calculate the moles of distillate produced and the composition of the bottom product if distillation is done until: (a) 75 mole % of the feed benzene leaves with the vapor (b) the stillpot contains 35 mol®% benzene. (©) 50 mole % of the feed is vaporized. (@) The accumulated distillate contains 75 mole percentage of benzene. Take a=2.51Qs. (10 Marks) An ethanol water solution is in contact at 20 °C with an organic liquid of film thickness 0.4 em in which water is insoluble. The concentration of ethanol at the interface is 6.8 wt% and at the other of film it is 10.8 wt%. The densities are 0.9881 g/cc respectively for 6.8 wt% and 10.8 wt% ethanol solutions. Difusivity of ethanol os 0.74%10° cm?/s. Calculate the steady state flux in kmol/m2.s. 06. (10 Marks) 1000 kg of an aqueous solution has 0.12 kg solute per kg water, It is treated with an organic solvent, immiscible with water, in a three-stage mixer settler unit in order to remove 96% of the solute. In the 1% stage, 1200 kg of the solvent is used, and equal (unknown) amount of solvent are used in the next two stages so that the desired recovery of solute is achieved. The equilibrium relation is Y'=1.25X” where Y’ is kg of solute per kg of organic solvent and X’ is kg of solute per kg of water. Calculate the total solvent required. Q7. (10 Marks) Formaldehyde present in an effluent air stream is to be absorbed into an effectively non-volatile solvent at | atm pressure and 30 °C. The inlet and out let concentrations of the organic in the air stream are 4.25 mole % and 0.08 mole % respectively. The solvent entering the column has only traces of formaldehyde. ‘The ratio of molar rate of liquid and gas input is 2.9 and the equilibrium relation is y=2.5x. Determine: (a). The equation of the operating line A= O=¥1)-Or-y') a) O2-Y2) (b). The number of overall gas phase transfer unit using the equation: Nyy; = Qs. (5 Marks) Derive the relation between the gas-phase mass transfer coefficient, kg and ky.