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Interval Partitioning in Oracle 11g

Interval partitioning in Oracle 11g allows tables to be automatically partitioned into fixed intervals such as months or years. When data is inserted beyond the bounds of the existing partitions, new partitions are automatically created to store the additional data within the defined interval. Partitions are created as metadata initially with only the first partition stored physically.

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Interval Partitioning in Oracle 11g

Interval partitioning in Oracle 11g allows tables to be automatically partitioned into fixed intervals such as months or years. When data is inserted beyond the bounds of the existing partitions, new partitions are automatically created to store the additional data within the defined interval. Partitions are created as metadata initially with only the first partition stored physically.

Uploaded by

rashpandi
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as RTF, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Interval Partitioning in 11g

is a extension of range partitioning. They automate creation of equi-sized partitions. Partitions


are created as metadata and only the initial partition is made persistent.Additional partitions and
local indexes are created automatically when the data is inserted.

Example :

-- CREATE TABLE
CREATE TABLE INVOICES
(
INVOICE_NO NUMBER NOT NULL,
INVOICE_DATE DATE NOT NULL,
COMMENTS VARCHAR2(500)
)
PARTITION BY RANGE (INVOICE_DATE)
INTERVAL (NUMTOYMINTERVAL(1,'MONTH'))
(PARTITION P_FIRST VALUES LESS THAN ('01-JAN-2008') TABLESPACE USERS);

-- create indexes
CREATE UNIQUE INDEX INVNO_UNQ_IDX ON INVOICES(INVOICE_NO,INVOICE_DATE)

LOCAL (PARTITION P_FIRST TABLESPACE USERS);

The line "INTERVAL (NUMTOYMINTERVAL(1,'MONTH'))" indicates the table is partitioned by


Monthly intervals of INVOICE_DATE.

The Function NUMTOYMINTERVAL function converts a number to an INTERVAL YEAR TO


MONTH literal.In this context it indicates an interval of 1 month.Likewise, For yearly partitions
use the keyword "YEAR" on the same function.

Also the function NUMTODSINTERVAL will be used to create partitions with intervals of
"WEEK","DAY","HOUR","MINUTE","SECOND".

To Create a weekly partition the syntax would be


PARTITION BY RANGE (INVOICE_DATE)
INTERVAL (NUMTODSINTERVAL(7,'DAY')).

Querying the table "USER_TAB_PARTITIONS" will show one partition created.


SQL> SELECT TABLE_NAME,
PARTITION_NAME,
HIGH_VALUE
FROM USER_TAB_PARTITIONS
WHERE TABLE_NAME = 'INVOICES'
ORDER BY TABLE_NAME, PARTITION_NAME;
TABLE_NAME PARTITION_NAME HIGH_VALUE
-------------------- -------------------- ----------------------------------------
INVOICES P_FIRST TO_DATE(' 2008-01-01 00:00:00', 'SYYYY-M
M-DD HH24:MI:SS', 'NLS_CALENDAR=GREGORIAN')

-- Insert statements for Invoice Data


SQL> INSERT INTO INVOICES VALUES(1,TO_DATE('16-JAN-2008','DD-MON-YYYY'), 'Test
Invoice1');
SQL> INSERT INTO INVOICES VALUES(1,TO_DATE('16-FEB-2008','DD-MON-YYYY'), 'Test
Invoice2');

SQL> COMMIT;

Adding data beyond the range of the initial partition(P_FIRST) will create new partitions as
shown below.

SQL> SELECT TABLE_NAME,


PARTITION_NAME,
HIGH_VALUE
FROM USER_TAB_PARTITIONS
WHERE TABLE_NAME = 'INVOICES'
ORDER BY TABLE_NAME, PARTITION_NAME;

TABLE_NAME PARTITION_NAME HIGH_VALUE


-------------------- -------------------- ----------------------------------------
INVOICES P_FIRST TO_DATE(' 2008-01-01 00:00:00', 'SYYYY-M
M-DD HH24:MI:SS', 'NLS_CALENDAR=GREGORIAN')

INVOICES SYS_P4008 TO_DATE(' 2008-02-01 00:00:00', 'SYYYY-M


M-DD HH24:MI:SS', 'NLS_CALENDAR=GREGORIAN')

INVOICES SYS_P4009 TO_DATE(' 2008-03-01 00:00:00', 'SYYYY-M


M-DD HH24:MI:SS', 'NLS_CALENDAR=GREGORIAN')

If data is inserted later than the current maximum high value(say like 6 months ahead),only the
required partition is created, not the intermediate partitions.

SQL> INSERT INTO INVOICES VALUES(3,TO_DATE('16-JUL-2008', 'DD-MON-YYYY'),


'Test Invoice3');

SQL> COMMIT;

SQL> SELECT TABLE_NAME,


PARTITION_NAME,
HIGH_VALUE
FROM USER_TAB_PARTITIONS
WHERE TABLE_NAME = 'INVOICES'
ORDER BY TABLE_NAME, PARTITION_NAME;

TABLE_NAME PARTITION_NAME HIGH_VALUE


------------------- -------------------- ----------------------------------------
INVOICES P_FIRST TO_DATE(' 2008-01-01 00:00:00', 'SYYYY-M
M-DD HH24:MI:SS', 'NLS_CALENDAR=GREGORIAN')

INVOICES SYS_P4008 TO_DATE(' 2008-02-01 00:00:00', 'SYYYY-M


M-DD HH24:MI:SS', 'NLS_CALENDAR=GREGORIAN')

INVOICES SYS_P4009 TO_DATE(' 2008-03-01 00:00:00', 'SYYYY-M


M-DD HH24:MI:SS', 'NLS_CALENDAR=GREGORIAN')

INVOICES SYS_P4010 TO_DATE(' 2008-08-01 00:00:00', 'SYYYY-M


M-DD HH24:MI:SS', 'NLS_CALENDAR=GREGORIAN')

The partition is created is for the month of "2008-07" and not for the intermediate months
between "2009-03" and "2009-08".

Converting Range-Partitioned Table to Interval Partitioned Table:


---------------------------------------------------------------

SQL>CREATE TABLE SALES


(
SALES_NO NUMBER,
SALE_DATE DATE NOT NULL
)
PARTITION BY RANGE (SALE_DATE)
(PARTITION P_FIRST VALUES LESS THAN ('01-JAN-2008') TABLESPACE USERS);

-- The following alter table statement will change a range-partitioned table to interval partitioned
based on the interval provided(yearly in this case).

SQL>ALTER TABLE SALES SET INTERVAL (NUMTOYMINTERVAL(1,'YEAR'));

Disabling Interval Partition:


----------------------------
In order to disable interval partitioning on the SALES table,

SQL>ALTER TABLE SALES SET INTERVAL ();

The table will go back to range partitioned where you have to manually add partitions.
Manually adding a partition to a Interval Partitioned Table:
-------------------------------------------------------------
The database automatically creates a partition for an interval when data for that interval is
inserted.But if there's a scenario for a partition exchange where you need to explicitly create
interval partitions you can do it by using the "lock table partition for command shown below.

Create a staging table for invoices called "INVOICES_STAGING" that holds invoices for the
month of August,2008

SQL>
CREATE TABLE INVOICES_STAGING
(
INVOICE_NO NUMBER NOT NULL,
INVOICE_DATE DATE NOT NULL,
COMMENTS VARCHAR2(500)
);

SQL>INSERT INTO INVOICES_STAGING VALUES(5,TO_DATE('18-AUG-2008', 'DD-MON-


YYYY'), 'Test Invoice4');

SQL>INSERT INTO INVOICES_STAGING VALUES(6,TO_DATE('21-AUG-2008', 'DD-MON-


YYYY'), 'Test Invoice5');

SQL>INSERT INTO INVOICES_STAGING VALUES(7,TO_DATE('31-AUG-2008', 'DD-MON-


YYYY'), 'Test Invoice6');

SQL> COMMIT;

The data from the staging table "INVOICES_STAGING" can now be exchanged onto the main
"INVOICES" table.

First, manually create the partition on the main "INVOICES" table using the following lock
command

SQL> LOCK TABLE invoices PARTITION FOR(TO_DATE('01-AUG-2008','dd-MON-yyyy')) IN


SHARE MODE;
SQL> COMMIT;

Check to see if the partition for August 2008 is created

SQL> SELECT TABLE_NAME,


PARTITION_NAME,
HIGH_VALUE
FROM USER_TAB_PARTITIONS
WHERE TABLE_NAME = 'INVOICES'
ORDER BY TABLE_NAME, PARTITION_NAME;
TABLE_NAME PARTITION_NAME HIGH_VALUE
-------------------- -------------------- ----------------------------------------
INVOICES P_FIRST TO_DATE(' 2008-01-01 00:00:00', 'SYYYY-M
M-DD HH24:MI:SS', 'NLS_CALENDAR=GREGORIAN')

INVOICES SYS_P4008 TO_DATE(' 2008-02-01 00:00:00', 'SYYYY-M


M-DD HH24:MI:SS', 'NLS_CALENDAR=GREGORIAN')

INVOICES SYS_P4009 TO_DATE(' 2008-03-01 00:00:00', 'SYYYY-M


M-DD HH24:MI:SS', 'NLS_CALENDAR=GREGORIAN')

INVOICES SYS_P4010 TO_DATE(' 2008-08-01 00:00:00', 'SYYYY-M


M-DD HH24:MI:SS', 'NLS_CALENDAR=GREGORIAN')

INVOICES SYS_P4013 TO_DATE(' 2008-09-01 00:00:00', 'SYYYY-M


M-DD HH24:MI:SS', 'NLS_CALENDAR=GREGORIAN')

The last partition "SYS_P4013" is the partition creating using the lock command.

Exchange the data for August,2008 from the staging table "INVOICES_STAGING" to the main
table "INVOICES" using the following alter command.

SQL>ALTER TABLE invoices


EXCHANGE PARTITION FOR (TO_DATE('01-AUG-2008','dd-MON-yyyy'))
WITH TABLE invoices_staging
EXCLUDING INDEXES
WITHOUT VALIDATION;

-- The data for the month of August 2008 is exchanged into "INVOICES" table
SQL> select t.invoice_no,t.invoice_date from invoices t;

INVOICE_NO INVOICE_D
---------- ---------
1 16-JAN-08
1 16-FEB-08
3 16-JUL-08
5 18-AUG-08
6 21-AUG-08
7 31-AUG-08.

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