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Conclusion Exp 5

This experiment aimed to determine complex power quantities and phase currents in an unbalanced load. The experiment calculated active, reactive, and apparent power as well as power factor. It was found that the phase currents in an unbalanced load are unequal. The total instantaneous power varies between minimum and maximum twice per current period due to unbalanced loads. The solution for an unbalanced delta-connected load involves computing phase currents using Kirchhoff's current law to obtain line currents. The system active power is the average power over a full period and equals the sum of the actual phase powers.

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348 views1 page

Conclusion Exp 5

This experiment aimed to determine complex power quantities and phase currents in an unbalanced load. The experiment calculated active, reactive, and apparent power as well as power factor. It was found that the phase currents in an unbalanced load are unequal. The total instantaneous power varies between minimum and maximum twice per current period due to unbalanced loads. The solution for an unbalanced delta-connected load involves computing phase currents using Kirchhoff's current law to obtain line currents. The system active power is the average power over a full period and equals the sum of the actual phase powers.

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© © All Rights Reserved
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INTERPRETATION OF DATA AND RESULTS:

The purpose of this experiment are to determine the complex active and reactive power;
apparent power and power factor. Also, to determine the phase currents in an
unbalanced load. By definition, an unbalanced load has at least one phase current that
is not equal to the other phase currents. Of course, all three phase currents could be of
unequal magnitude. In all cases, line voltages are assumed to be of equal magnitude,
separated by 120º of rotation and in the sequence A-B, B-C, C-A. Unbalance can occur
at any point throughout the distribution system.
In this experiment, we have calculated the complex active, reactive and apparent power
including the power factor. We have also determined the phase currents in an
unbalanced load and they are not equal. Based on the recorded data written in the
tabulated results, we can verify that total instant power is not constant when there are
unbalanced loads and they vary between minimum to maximum twice per each current
period. The solution of the unbalanced delta-connected load consists in computing the
phase currents and then applying KCL to obtain the line currents. The system active
power is the average power in full period and is the total of actual phases power.

CONCLUSION:
We have completed the experiment and the objectives have been met. We have
concluded that unbalanced load makes the lines / phases to carry different current
magnitudes, and sum total of these at neutral point is not zero. Load in each phase is
different, carrying its own current. Neutral in this case carries the net unbalanced
current. If there are reactive impedance components in load, there will be phase
difference in line currents from respective voltages, and even if magnitude becomes
same, the phase difference will result in unbalanced current in neutral. In an unbalanced
system, some of the alternating current will tend to drive the motor forwards (sequence
A-B-C). Some will drive it backwards to act as a brake (sequence B-A-C), and some will
just generate heat. We can call these the positive sequence currents, negative
sequence currents, and zero sequence currents respectively. Loads should be equally
divided across each phase of a panel board. Should one phase become too heavily
loaded in comparison to others, voltage will be lower on that phase. Transformers and
three-phase motors fed from that panel may run hotter, be unusually noisy, vibrate
excessively, and even suffer premature failure. If the loads are resistive and
unbalanced, the line currents could be at various angles to the line voltages. Much the
same may be said of a three phase circuit that contains a mix of delta and wye circuits
with leading and lagging currents.

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