MATH 313 – EXAM 2 – SOLUTIONS

1. (6 pts. each) Consider the function f (z) = ez̄ = ex−iy .

(a) Find real functions u(x, y) and v(x, y) such that f (x + iy) = u(x, y) + iv(x, y).

(b) Is f (z) analytic? Justify your answer using the Cauchy-Riemann equations.

Solution.

(a).
ex−iy = ex e−iy = ex (cos(−y) + i sin(−y)) = ex (cos y − i sin y).
Therefore, f (x + iy) = u(x, y) + iv(x, y) = ex cos y + i(−ex sin y).
(b). ux = ex cos y, uy = −ex sin y, vx = −ex sin y, vy = −ex cos y. Hence
ux 6= vy and uy 6= −vx so that f (z) is not analytic.

2. (6 pts. each) Evaluate the following integrals around the unit circle (clockwise) either
directly or by citing an appropriate theorem. Show all work or clearly state which result you
are using.
Z µ ¶
1
(a) z̄ + dz
C z̄
Z
7z − 6
(b) dz
C z 2 − 2z
Solution.

(a). Since z̄ + 1/z̄ is not analytic, we cannot use any of the Cauchy Theorems,
so we must evaluate the integral directly. For that we parametrize the unit
circle by z = e−it , 0 ≤ t ≤ 2π (note that the minus sign takes care of the
clockwise orientation of the circle). Hence z̄ = eit and 1/z̄ = e−it , and finally
dz = −i e−it dt. Therefore,
Z µ ¶ Z 2π
1
z̄ + dz = (eit + e−it )(−i e−it ) dt
C z̄ 0
Z 2π
= (−i) (1 + e−2it ) dt
0
= −2πi

(b). Since the integrand is analytic we can use Cauchy’s Integral Theorem to do
this integral. Note that z = 0 is inside the contour of integration while z = 2 is
 not.
Z Z
7z − 6 7z − 6
dz = dz
C z 2 − 2z C z(z − 2)
Z
7z − 6 dz
= ,
C z −2 z ¯
µ ¶
7z − 6 ¯¯
= −2πi
z − 2 ¯z=0
= −6πi.

Note that the minus sign is due to the fact that the contour of integration is
oriented clockwise.

3. (6 pts. each) Evaluate the following integrals around the given curves.
Z
cos 2z
(a) dz around the curve |z| = 2 (counterclockwise).
C (z − π/2)4
Z
dz
(b) around the curve |z − i| = 1 (counterclockwise).
C (z 2 + 2)2

Solution.

(a). Since the integrand is analytic in a domain containing the contour of inte-
gration and its interior, we can use Cauchy’s Derivative Formula to compute this
integral. Note that z = π/2 is inside the contour of integration.
Z
cos 2z 2πi d3
dz = (cos(2z))|z=π/2
C (z − π/2)4 3! dz 3
πi
= (8 cos(π)) = 0.
3

(b). We again use Cauchy’s

√ Derivative
√ Formula to compute
√ this integral. Note
that (z 2 + 2)2 = (z√
− i 2)2 (z + i 2)2 and that i 2 is inside the contour of
integration while −i 2 is not. Therefore
Z Z
dz dz
2 2
= √ √
C (z + 2) C (z − i 2)2 (z + i 2)2
2πi d √ ¯
= ((z + i 2)−2 )¯¯ √
1! dz √ √ −3
z=i 2

= 2πi(−2)(i 2 + i 2)
−4πi π
= √ = √ .
(2i 2) 3 4 2
4. (6 pts. each) Find the center and radius of convergence of each of the following power
series using any method you like.
∞
X n4 2n
(a) n
z .
n=0 2
∞
X
(b) n(n − 1)(z − 3 + 2i)n .
n=0

Solution.

(a). The center of the series is z0 = 0.

¯ ¯ µ ¶4
¯ (n + 1)4 z 2n+2 2n ¯ n+1
¯ ¯
lim ¯ ¯ = lim 2 |z|2
n→∞ ¯ 2n+1 n4 z 2n ¯ n→∞ n
= 2|z|2 .
√ √
Hence the series converges for 2|z 2 | < 1 or |z| < 1/ 2. Hence R = 1/ 2.
(b). The center of the series is z0 = 3 − 2i.
¯ ¯
¯ (n + 1)n (z − 3 + 2i)n+1 ¯ n+1
¯ ¯
lim ¯ ¯ = lim |z|
n→∞ ¯ n(n − 1)(z − 3 + 2i)n ¯ n→∞ n − 1

= |z|.

Hence the series converges for |z| < 1, so that R = 1.

∞
X n
5. (6 pts. each) Let f (z) = (z + i)2n .
n=1 2n

(a) Find a power series representation for f 00 (z).

(b) Find a power series representation for an analytic function F (z) such that F 00 (z) =
f (z).

Solution.

(a).
∞
X n
f (z) = (z + i)2n
n=1 2n
X∞
(2n)(n)
f 0 (z) = n
(z + i)2n−1
n=1 2
X∞
(2n)(2n − 1)(n)
f 00 (z) = n
(z + i)2n−2 .
n=1 2
Note that since the original series started with a z 2 term, the final series still
begins at n = 1.
∞
X X∞
n 2n n
(b). Integrating the series f (z) = n
(z + i) once gives n
(z + i)2n+1
n=1 2 n=1 (2n + 1)2
X∞
n
and integrating it twice gives F (z) = n
(z + i)2n+2 .
n=1 (2n + 1)(2n + 2)2