Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 25 views

    1 PDF

    Uploaded by

    Raviprakash Tripathy
    This document provides a historical overview of neural networks and their applications: - Early work in the 1940s-1960s established neural network theory but practical applications were limited. Progress continued slowly in the 1970s-1980s. - Neural networks are now used across many fields including aerospace, automotive, banking, defense, electronics, finance, manufacturing, medicine, robotics, speech, securities, telecommunications, and transportation for applications like pattern recognition, prediction, control, and data processing. - Biology inspired neural networks as neurons communicate through electrochemical signals over distributed connections between cells in the brain's massive parallel architecture.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    1 PDF

    Uploaded by

    Raviprakash Tripathy
    25 views5 pages
    This document provides a historical overview of neural networks and their applications: - Early work in the 1940s-1960s established neural network theory but practical applications were limited. Progress continued slowly in the 1970s-1980s. - Neural networks are now used across many fields including aerospace, automotive, banking, defense, electronics, finance, manufacturing, medicine, robotics, speech, securities, telecommunications, and transportation for applications like pattern recognition, prediction, control, and data processing. - Biology inspired neural networks as neurons communicate through electrochemical signals over distributed connections between cells in the brain's massive parallel architecture.

    Original Title

    1.pdf

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    This document provides a historical overview of neural networks and their applications: - Early work in the 1940s-1960s established neural network theory but practical applications were limited. Progress continued slowly in the 1970s-1980s. - Neural networks are now used across many fields including aerospace, automotive, banking, defense, electronics, finance, manufacturing, medicine, robotics, speech, securities, telecommunications, and transportation for applications like pattern recognition, prediction, control, and data processing. - Biology inspired neural networks as neurons communicate through electrochemical signals over distributed connections between cells in the brain's massive parallel architecture.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    25 views5 pages

    1 PDF

    Uploaded by

    Raviprakash Tripathy
    This document provides a historical overview of neural networks and their applications: - Early work in the 1940s-1960s established neural network theory but practical applications were limited. Progress continued slowly in the 1970s-1980s. - Neural networks are now used across many fields including aerospace, automotive, banking, defense, electronics, finance, manufacturing, medicine, robotics, speech, securities, telecommunications, and transportation for applications like pattern recognition, prediction, control, and data processing. - Biology inspired neural networks as neurons communicate through electrochemical signals over distributed connections between cells in the brain's massive parallel architecture.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 5

    1 Historical Sketch

    • Pre-1940: von Hemholtz, Mach, Pavlov, etc.


    – General theories of learning, vision, conditioning
    – No specific mathematical models of neuron operation
    • 1940s: Hebb, McCulloch and Pitts
    – Mechanism for learning in biological neurons
    – Neural-like networks can compute any arithmetic function
    • 1950s: Rosenblatt, Widrow and Hoff
    – First practical networks and learning rules
    • 1960s: Minsky and Papert
    – Demonstrated limitations of existing neural networks, new learning
    algorithms are not forthcoming, some research suspended
    • 1970s: Amari, Anderson, Fukushima, Grossberg, Kohonen
    – Progress continues, although at a slower pace
    • 1980s: Grossberg, Hopfield, Kohonen, Rumelhart, etc.
    – Important new developments cause a resurgence in the field
    4
    1 Applications
    • Aerospace
    – High performance aircraft autopilots, flight path simulations, aircraft
    control systems, autopilot enhancements, aircraft component simulations,
    aircraft component fault detectors
    • Automotive
    – Automobile automatic guidance systems, warranty activity analyzers
    • Banking
    – Check and other document readers, credit application evaluators
    • Defense
    – Weapon steering, target tracking, object discrimination, facial recognition,
    new kinds of sensors, sonar, radar and image signal processing including
    data compression, feature extraction and noise suppression, signal/image
    identification
    • Electronics
    – Code sequence prediction, integrated circuit chip layout, process control,
    chip failure analysis, machine vision, voice synthesis, nonlinear modeling
    5
    1 Applications
    • Financial
    – Real estate appraisal, loan advisor, mortgage screening, corporate bond
    rating, credit line use analysis, portfolio trading program, corporate
    financial analysis, currency price prediction
    • Manufacturing
    – Manufacturing process control, product design and analysis, process and
    machine diagnosis, real-time particle identification, visual quality
    inspection systems, beer testing, welding quality analysis, paper quality
    prediction, computer chip quality analysis, analysis of grinding operations,
    chemical product design analysis, machine maintenance analysis, project
    bidding, planning and management, dynamic modeling of chemical
    process systems
    • Medical
    – Breast cancer cell analysis, EEG and ECG analysis, prosthesis design,
    optimization of transplant times, hospital expense reduction, hospital
    quality improvement, emergency room test advisement

    6
    1 Applications

    • Robotics
    – Trajectory control, forklift robot, manipulator controllers, vision systems
    • Speech
    – Speech recognition, speech compression, vowel classification, text to
    speech synthesis
    • Securities
    – Market analysis, automatic bond rating, stock trading advisory systems
    • Telecommunications
    – Image and data compression, automated information services, real-time
    translation of spoken language, customer payment processing systems
    • Transportation
    – Truck brake diagnosis systems, vehicle scheduling, routing systems

    7
    1 Biology
    • Neurons respond slowly
    – 10-3 s compared to 10-9 s for electrical circuits
    • The brain uses massively parallel computation
    – ≈1011 neurons in the brain
    – ≈104 connections per neuron
    Dendrites

    Axon

    Cell Body

    Synapse

    You might also like