MATHEMTICS OPEN TASK PLANNING PROFORMA

Topic: Multiplication Levels: Planning Team: Colleen, Ann Date:

4 Sharyn, Penelope, James and Jill Week 10 2019

Victorian/Australian Curriculum Learning Area: Mathematics

Content Strand(s): Number
Proficiency Strand(s): Understanding Fluency Problem-Solving Reasoning
Mathematical Focus (key mathematical knowledge being explored and constructed):
• Representing and describing multiple arrays for a given number of counters
• Partitioning an array to create and describe a new array
• Identifying the factors of a given number.
• Using known facts and other strategies to derive multiplication facts (Multiplication and division
Growth Point 5)
Australian Curriculum:
Investigate number sequences involving multiples of 3, 4, 6, 7, 8, and 9 (ACMNA074);
Recall multiplication facts up to 10 × 10 and related division facts (ACMNA075)

Open Task for Investigation:

You have 56 counters. Arrange all these counters in one array.
Find as many different arrays using all 56 counters as possible.
Write number sentences to describe each of your arrays. Find all the possible number sentences.

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 MATHEMTICS OPEN TASK PLANNING PROFORMA
Anticipated Solutions Anticipated Difficulties and
Misconceptions
• Meaning of array
• Visualising an array
• Describing an array
• Confusing rows and columns
when describing an array
1 x 56 = 56 56 x 1 = 56 56 ÷ 1 = 56 56 ÷ 56 = 1 • Constructing arrays with unequal
rows or unequal columns
• Will not include 1 x 56
• Incomplete numbers sentences
(e.g., 2 x 14)
• Including solutions involving
the commutative property,
e.g., 4x14 and 14 x4

2 x 28 = 56 28 x 2 = 56 56 ÷ 2 = 28 56 ÷ 28 = 2

4 x 14 = 56 14 x 4 = 56 56 ÷ 4 = 14 56 ÷ 14 = 4

8 x 7 = 56 7 x 8 = 56 56 ÷ 8 = 7 56 ÷ 7 = 8
8 + 8 + 8 + 8 + 8 + 8 + 8 = 56

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 MATHEMTICS OPEN TASK PLANNING PROFORMA

(4 + 4) x 7 = 56
4 x 7 + 4 x 7 = 56
2 x 4 x 7 = 56

(7 + 1) x 7 = 56
7 x 7 + 1 x 7 = 56

Enabling Prompts Extending Prompts

Choose one of your arrays. How many ways can you
Arrange 28 counters into one array. split this array into two arrays? Write a number
Find as many different arrays using all 28 counters sentence to describe your split array.
as possible.
Write number sentences to describe each of your
arrays. Find all the possible number sentences.

What do students need to notice about Vocabulary to develop: Connections to other

the mathematics, imagine and Array mathematics content:
simulate? Partitioning
Number sentence
Structure of an array (spatial recognition) Calculating area
Factor
Commutative property of multiplication Calculating volume
Multiple
Inverse relationship between multiplication Division facts
and division Product
By Repeated addition
Doubling strategy to derive multiplication
facts Multiplied by Skip counting

Divided by

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 MATHEMTICS OPEN TASK PLANNING PROFORMA
Uses the associative property of Equals
multiplication to derive a multiplication fact
2 x 28 = 2 x (2 x 14) Is the same as

Use the distributive property to derive a Connections to everyday

multiplication fact (7 x 7) + 1 x 7 = 8 x 7 of other curriculum
contexts:
Language structures to develop:
Arrays in real world
Eight multiplied by seven equals contexts such as
fifty-six. packaging, gardening,
What simulation and practice will
I split my array (4x14) in half using a tiling, paving.
horizontal line, and moved the
increase understanding and fluency?
bottom half of the array(2x14) to the
Imagining and describing an array. left of the top half. My new array is
2x28.
Imagine splitting an array to create a
new array, and describing the new There are seven counters in each
array for someone else to make or row, and 8 counters in each column.
draw..
Imagine doubling an array and This array has 4 rows of 14.
describing the new array. How many in each row?
Imagine constructing arrays for other How many in each column?
multiples of seven.
I created 8 different solutions.

Questions to Elicit Mathematical Thinking/Reasoning

What number sentence could you write to describe this array?
Why does that number sentence describe your array?
How could write that number sentence in another way?
How did you find this array (4 x 14)? How did you find this array (8 x 7)?
What do you notice about these two arrays for 56? What is the relationship between the numbers in these two
number sentences?
Is 8 x 7 the same as 7 x 8? How can you be sure?
How can you explain that 8x7 is different to 7x8?
How do you know that 56 ÷ 8 = 7?
Why does 4 x 14 = 8 x 7?

Models/Equipment/Resources Required:
Square (or round counters)
Device for photos and recording solutions and explanations

Monash University 2019

 MATHEMTICS OPEN TASK PLANNING PROFORMA
Assessment Strategies – # Observe # Listen for # Collect, annotate, record
• Observe strategies for finding solutions and link these to the M&D growth points.
• Look for students who need models to create new solutions. Prompt for partial models.
• Look for students who are using additive thinking (e.g., skip counting). Prompt for multiplicative
thinking
• Equal number of counters in each row and column
• Discussion about how to find another array
• Watching movement of counters to find other arrays (partitioning arrays)
• Recording number sentences for derived facts
• Discussion about the commutative property.
• Justifying that all the possible arrays have been found.

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