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Euler Theorem

The document contains 15 problems applying Euler's theorem to determine derivatives of functions with respect to x and y. Euler's theorem states that for a homogeneous function u of degree n in variables x and y, the partial derivatives of u with respect to x and y satisfy the equation x(∂u/∂x) + y(∂u/∂y) = nu. The problems involve using this theorem to find expressions for partial derivatives of functions of x and y.

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445 views2 pages

Euler Theorem

The document contains 15 problems applying Euler's theorem to determine derivatives of functions with respect to x and y. Euler's theorem states that for a homogeneous function u of degree n in variables x and y, the partial derivatives of u with respect to x and y satisfy the equation x(∂u/∂x) + y(∂u/∂y) = nu. The problems involve using this theorem to find expressions for partial derivatives of functions of x and y.

Uploaded by

ABC DEF
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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University of Petroleum & Energy Studies, Dehradun

Tutorial Sheet
Course: B. Tech. Subject: Mathematics I

Euler’s Theorem

1. If u is a homogeneous function of degree n in x and y, then show that,


2u 2u 2u
x2 +2xy + y2 =n (n-1) u.
x 2 xy y 2

2. If F (u) =V (x, y, z), where V is a homogeneous function in x, y and z, then prove that x
u u u F( u)
+y +z y=n ' .
x y z F ( u)
1 /4 1 /5 u u
3. If u= ( x + y 1 /4 ) ( x + y 1/5 ), apply Euler’s theorem to find the value of x +y
x x
9
.Ans: u
20
1 x z z x
4 2
4. If z= x y sin   +logx-logy, show that x +y =6 x 4 y 2 sin 1   .
 x y y
y  
 xy  yz  zx 
5. If u= cos  , prove that x u  y u  z u =0.
 x2  y2  z2  x y z
 
u u u  x3  y3  z3 
6. Show that x y z =2tanu, where u= sin 1  .
x y z  ax  by  cz 
 
 x  2 y  3z 

7. If u= sin 1 
 , show that x u  y u  z u =-3tanu.
 x 8  y 8  z 8  x y z
 
x4  y4 u u
8. If u=log , show that, x y =3.
xy x y
 xy 
9. If u= sin 1   , prove that x u  y u = 1 tanu.
 x y x y 2
 
y y
10. If u=x        , show that,
x x
2
u u y 2  u 2u 2
2  u
(i) x y =x    (ii) x  2 xy y =0
x y x x 2 xy y 2

12. Verify Euler’s theorem for the functions:

1
x 1/4 y 1/4 x2  y2
(i) u = (ii) u=log .
x 1 /5  y 1 /5 xy

x y u u
13. If u= sin 1  + tan 1   , then find the value of x y . Ans:0
 x y
y x
 x2  y2 
14. If u= sec1   , show that x u  y u =cotu.
 xy  x y
 
1
 x 1 /3  y 1 /3 2 2 2 2
15. If u= sin 1  1 / 2  , show that, x 2  u  2 xy  u  y 2  u = 1 tanu ( sec 2 u
x  y 1 /2  x 2 xy y 2 144
 
+12).

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