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Data Visualisation L9+L10 Lab 1 R Basics: Printing Character

The document discusses various data types in R including printing, vectors, lists, matrices, arrays and data frames. It demonstrates how to create and print objects of different data types as well as various functions to work with them.

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Akhil Tripathi
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69 views9 pages

Data Visualisation L9+L10 Lab 1 R Basics: Printing Character

The document discusses various data types in R including printing, vectors, lists, matrices, arrays and data frames. It demonstrates how to create and print objects of different data types as well as various functions to work with them.

Uploaded by

Akhil Tripathi
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as ODT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Data Visualisation

L9+L10
Lab 1

R Basics

PRINTING CHARACTER
print("Hello World")
[1] "Hello World"
print(23.9+56.6)
[1] 80.5

mystring<-"Hello World!"
print(mystring)
[1] "Hello World!"

PRINTING BOOLEAN
v <- TRUE
print(class(v)) #class function tells category of
the input
[1] "logical"
PRINTING COMPLEX
a<- 3+2i
print(class(a))
[1] "complex"

PRINTING INTEGER
i <- 253L
print(class(i))
[1] "integer"

VECTOR CHARACTER
vectora<-c('red','orange','kyoto')
print(vectora)
[1] "red" "orange" "kyoto"
print(class(vectora))
[1] "character"

VECTOR NUMERIC
vectorb<-c(1,2,3,4.5) #Here it shows
numeric instead of
integer because we have
included a decimal as
well
print(class(vectorb))
[1] "numeric"
VECTOR LOGICAL
vectorc<-c(TRUE,FALSE,TRUE,TRUE)
print(class(vectorc))
[1] "logical"

VECTOR RAW
vectord<-c(charToRaw("My Name is Anthony
Gonsalves!"),charToRaw("Why This Kolaveri
D"))
print(class(vectord)) #charToRaw converts to
hex value
[1] "raw"
v<-charToRaw("My Name is Akhil")
print(v)
[1] 4d 79 20 4e 61 6d 65 20 69 73 20 41 6b 68
69 6c
#hex value for space is
20

LIST WITH DIFFERENT TYPES


listmix1<-list(c(243,23,1.3),4,cos)
print(listmix1) #Making a list with different
data types
[[1]]
[1] 243.0 23.0 1.3

[[2]]
[1] 4
[[3]]
function (x) .Primitive("cos")

LIST WITHIN LIST


listdoublemix<-list(listmix1,c(1,2,3,sin))
#Making a list having the
previous list as an
element. List() function
converts all elements
stringed into a list
print(listdoublemix)
[[1]]
[[1]][[1]]
[1] 243.0 23.0 1.3

[[1]][[2]]
[1] 4

[[1]][[3]]
function (x) .Primitive("cos")

[[2]]
[[2]][[1]]
[1] 1

[[2]][[2]]
[1] 2

[[2]][[3]]
[1] 3
[[2]][[4]]
function (x) .Primitive("sin")

MATRIX
mat = matrix(c('a','b','c','d'),nrow = 2, ncol
=2,byrow = TRUE)
#matrix() function converts the list
given in c() to a matrix with
the help of specifiers nrow and ncol
and the byrow variable.
mat
[,1] [,2]
[1,] "a" "b"
[2,] "c" "d"
print(mat)
[,1] [,2]
[1,] "a" "b"
[2,] "c" "d"
print(class(mat)
+)
[1] "matrix"
ARRAY
arr <- array(c('green','potato'),dim = c(3,3,2))
#using c() to create an array with dim
specifier that specifies the number
of dimensions and elements in
those dimensions. Then the list in c() is
scaled and mapped accros all points
in the dimensions.
print(arr)
,,1

[,1] [,2] [,3]


[1,] "green" "potato" "green"
[2,] "potato" "green" "potato"
[3,] "green" "potato" "green"

,,2

[,1] [,2] [,3]


[1,] "potato" "green" "potato"
[2,] "green" "potato" "green"
[3,] "potato" "green" "potato"

arr <- array(c('green',123),dim = c(3,3,2))


print(arr) #Trying array with different data
types
,,1

[,1] [,2] [,3]


[1,] "green" "123" "green"
[2,] "123" "green" "123"
[3,] "green" "123" "green"

,,2

[,1] [,2] [,3]


[1,] "123" "green" "123"
[2,] "green" "123" "green"
[3,] "123" "green" "123"

print(class(arr))
[1] "array"

DATA FRAMES

BMI<- data.frame(
+ gender = c("Male","Female","Male"),
+ height = c(152,146,133),
+ weight = c(233,343,112),
+ age = c(34,56,12))
#Organising data in a table
using frame
BMI
OUTPUT:
gender height weight age
1 Male 152 233 34
2 Female 146 343 56
3 Male 133 112 12

VARIABLES
var.1 = c(1,2,3,4)

.var2 = c("Akhil","Tripathi")
c(FALSE,0) -var3.
print(var.1)
[1] 1 2 3 4
cat("var.1 is ",var.1,"\n")
var.1 is 1 2 3 4
cat(".var2 is ",.var2,"\n")
.var2 is Akhil Tripathi
cat("var3. is ",var3.,"\n") #Trying diff naming
methods

var3. Is 0 0 #Checking data types


class(var.1)
[1] "numeric"
class(.var2)
[1] "character"
class(var3.)
[1] "numeric"
print(ls()) #Checking all available
varialbles in program
[1] "a" "apple" "arr" "BMI"
[5] "factor_apple" "i" "listdoublemix"
"listmix1"
[9] "mat" "mystring" "v"
"var.1"
[13] "var3." "vectora" "vectorb"
"vectorc"
[17] "vectord"
print(ls(pattern = "var"))
[1] "var.1" "var3."
print(ls(pattern = ".var"))
character(0)
print(ls(all.name = TRUE))
[1] "a" "apple" "arr" "BMI"
[5] "factor_apple" "i" "listdoublemix"
"listmix1"
[9] "mat" "mystring" "v"
"var.1"
[13] ".var2" "var3." "vectora"
"vectorb"
[17] "vectorc" "vectord"

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