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Matplotlib PDF

This document is an introduction to Matplotlib presented by Ananda Dasgupta. It discusses importing necessary libraries like Numpy and Matplotlib, creating a simple first graph by plotting multiple functions on the same axes, and gaining more control over figures and axes by explicitly creating instances.

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Ananda Dasgupta
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198 views

Matplotlib PDF

This document is an introduction to Matplotlib presented by Ananda Dasgupta. It discusses importing necessary libraries like Numpy and Matplotlib, creating a simple first graph by plotting multiple functions on the same axes, and gaining more control over figures and axes by explicitly creating instances.

Uploaded by

Ananda Dasgupta
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 16

An introduction to Matplotlib

Ananda Dasgupta

Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata

3-4 May, 2019

Ananda Dasgupta Matplotlib 1/6


Starting out with Numpy

The basic mantra

import matplotlib as mpl


import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from mpl_toolkits.mplot3d.axes3d import Axes3D

Ananda Dasgupta Matplotlib 2/6


Starting out with Numpy

The basic mantra

import matplotlib as mpl


import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from mpl_toolkits.mplot3d.axes3d import Axes3D

We will also need


import numpy as np

Ananda Dasgupta Matplotlib 2/6


Starting out with Numpy

The basic mantra

import matplotlib as mpl


import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from mpl_toolkits.mplot3d.axes3d import Axes3D

We will also need


import numpy as np

Once this is done, you are ready to create the graphs of your
dreams!!

Ananda Dasgupta Matplotlib 2/6


My rst graph
Let's plot sin(5x ), e −x /2 and their product from x = 0 to
x = 10 on the same graph.

Ananda Dasgupta Matplotlib 3/6


My rst graph
Let's plot sin(5x ), e −x /2 and their product from x = 0 to
x = 10 on the same graph.
First, set up an array of x values:
>>> x = np.linspace(0,10,1000)
(1000 equally spaced points between 0 and 2, both inclusive)

Ananda Dasgupta Matplotlib 3/6


My rst graph
Let's plot sin(5x ), e −x /2 and their product from x = 0 to
x = 10 on the same graph.
First, set up an array of x values:
>>> x = np.linspace(0,10,1000)
(1000 equally spaced points between 0 and 2, both inclusive)
Create array's for the functions to be plotted:
>>> y1 = np.sin(5*x)
>>> y2 = np.exp(-x/2)
>>> y3 = y1*y2

Ananda Dasgupta Matplotlib 3/6


My rst graph
Let's plot sin(5x ), e −x /2 and their product from x = 0 to
x = 10 on the same graph.
First, set up an array of x values:
>>> x = np.linspace(0,10,1000)
(1000 equally spaced points between 0 and 2, both inclusive)
Create array's for the functions to be plotted:
>>> y1 = np.sin(5*x)
>>> y2 = np.exp(-x/2)
>>> y3 = y1*y2
Now, set up the graphs:
>>> plt.plot(x,y1,color='blue')
>>> plt.plot(x,y2,color='green')
>>> plt.plot(x,y3,color='red')

Ananda Dasgupta Matplotlib 3/6


My rst graph
Let's plot sin(5x ), e −x /2 and their product from x = 0 to
x = 10 on the same graph.
First, set up an array of x values:
>>> x = np.linspace(0,10,1000)
(1000 equally spaced points between 0 and 2, both inclusive)
Create array's for the functions to be plotted:
>>> y1 = np.sin(5*x)
>>> y2 = np.exp(-x/2)
>>> y3 = y1*y2
Now, set up the graphs:
>>> plt.plot(x,y1,color='blue')
>>> plt.plot(x,y2,color='green')
>>> plt.plot(x,y3,color='red')
This sets up the graphs - but to actually display them - you
need:
>>> plt.show()
Ananda Dasgupta Matplotlib 3/6
My rst graph
Quick and easy!

Ananda Dasgupta Matplotlib 4/6


Taking control

Using the default Figure and Axes instances, as we have


done, make details dicult to control.

Ananda Dasgupta Matplotlib 5/6


Taking control

Using the default Figure and Axes instances, as we have


done, make details dicult to control.
We can get more control by creating instances explicitly.

Ananda Dasgupta Matplotlib 5/6


Taking control

Using the default Figure and Axes instances, as we have


done, make details dicult to control.
We can get more control by creating instances explicitly.
A simple way:
g,ax = plt.subplots()

Ananda Dasgupta Matplotlib 5/6


Taking control

Using the default Figure and Axes instances, as we have


done, make details dicult to control.
We can get more control by creating instances explicitly.
A simple way:
g,ax = plt.subplots()
Now, we can use the Axes instance ax to congure the plots:
>>> ax.plot(x,y1,color='blue',legend='sin(5x)')
>>> ax.plot(x,y2,color='green',legend='exp(-x/2)')
>>> ax.plot(x,y3,color='red',legend='sin(5x)exp(-x/2)')

Ananda Dasgupta Matplotlib 5/6


Taking control

Using the default Figure and Axes instances, as we have


done, make details dicult to control.
We can get more control by creating instances explicitly.
A simple way:
g,ax = plt.subplots()
Now, we can use the Axes instance ax to congure the plots:
>>> ax.plot(x,y1,color='blue',legend='sin(5x)')
>>> ax.plot(x,y2,color='green',legend='exp(-x/2)')
>>> ax.plot(x,y3,color='red',legend='sin(5x)exp(-x/2)')
Finer touches : >>> ax.set_xlabel('x')
>>> ax.set_ylabel('y')
>>> ax.legend()

Ananda Dasgupta Matplotlib 5/6


Taking control

Ananda Dasgupta Matplotlib 6/6

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