Preguntas Sobre Varios Temas

"Study without thought is vain: thought without study is dangerous.
" -Confucius
PREGUNTAS SOBRE VARIOS TEMAS
1.- A 41-year-old man complains of regurgitation of saliva and of

ingested but undigested food. An esophagram reveals a “bird’s
beak” deformity.
Which of the following statements is true about this condition?
a. Chest pain is common in the advanced stages of this disease
b. More patients are improved by forceful dilation than by surgical

intervention
c. Manometry can be expected to show high resting pressures of the

lower
esophageal sphincter
d. Surgical treatment primarily consists of resection of the distal

esophagus with
reanastomosis to the stomach above the diaphragm
e. Patients with this disease are at no increased risk for the development
of carcinoma
2.- During an operation for carcinoma of the hepatic flexure of the

colon, an unexpected discontinuous 3-cm metastasis is discovered
in the edge of the right lobe of the liver. The surgeon should
a. Terminate the operation; screen the patient for evidence of other

metastases,
and plan further therapy after the reevaluation
b. Perform a right hemicolectomy and a right hepatic lobectomy
c. Perform a right hemicolectomy and a wedge resection of the

metastasis
d. Perform a cecostomy and schedule reoperation after a course of

systemic
chemotherapy
e. Perform local resection of the primary colon cancer and plan radiation
therapy for the lesion on the liver
3.- Which of the following hernias follows the path of the spermatic
cord within the cremaster muscle?
a. Femoral
b. Direct inguinal
c. Indirect inguinal
d. Spigelian
e. Interparietal
4.- Abscesos profundos (es decir: intraperitoneal,

subfrénico, pélvico o subhepático) se inicia
produciendo fiebre alrededor de los días ___5-7___del
posoperatorio. La TAC es diagnóstica y el drenaje
percutáneo guiado por imagen es terapéutico.
5.- Compares a group with a given exposure or risk factor to a group without such exposure.
Looks to see if exposure <>r risk factor is associated with later development of disease. Can be
prospective (asks, "Who will develop disease?") or retrospective (asks, "Who developed the
disease [exposed vs nonexposed]?")
a.- Cross-sectional study
b.- Case-control study
c.- Cohort study
d.- Crossover study
e.- Clinical trial
6.- Odds ratio es una medición utilizada en
a.- Cross-sectional study
b.- Case-control study
c.- Cohort study

d.- Crossover study
e.- Clinical trial
7.- Promotes glycogenolysis, gluconeogenesis, lipolysis, ketogenesis. Elevates blood sugar levels
to ma inta in homeostasis when bloodstream glucose levels fa ll too low (ie, fasting state).
a.- Glucagon
b.- Insulina
c.- Somastotatina
d.- Vipoma
e.- Secretina
8.- A patient with parathyroid deficiency 10 days after inadvertent damage to the parathyroid
glands during thyroid surgery would probably have
A. low plasma phosphate and Ca2+ levels and tetany.
B. low plasma phosphate and Ca2+ levels and tetanus.
C. a low plasma Ca2+ level, increased muscular excitability, and spasm of the muscles of the
upper extremity (Trousseau sign).
D. high plasma phosphate and Ca2+ levels and bone demineralization.
E. increased muscular excitability, a high plasma Ca2+ level, and bone demineralization
9. - A 33-year-old female arrives to the emergency department following a suspected suicide

attempt in which she swallowed an unknown cleaning solution. The patient is obtunded and
unable to provide any history. Vital signs are as follows: temperature 37⁰ C; BP 136/88mm Hg ,
HR 114 bpm, RR 32 breaths/min. On examination, she is drooling from the mouth and there are
visible burns in the oropharynx and crepitus in the neck and upper chest. All of the following are
appropriate except.
A. - endotracheal intubation
B. - administer broad-spectrum intravenous antibiotics
C. - perform endoscopy
D. - administer intravenous corticosteroids
E. - prepare for operative intervention.
10. - Each of the following is a contraindication to primary anastomosis after resection dor
diverticular disease except:
A. - severe malnutrition
B. - immunosuppression
C. - questionable viability of bowel (severe edema/ischemia)
D. - diverticular fistula
E. - unprepared bowel

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"Study without thought is vain: thought without study is dangerous.

PREGUNTAS SOBRE VARIOS TEMAS

1.- A 41-year-old man complains of regurgitation of saliva and of

a. Chest pain is common in the advanced stages of this disease

b. More patients are improved by forceful dilation than by surgical

c. Manometry can be expected to show high resting pressures of the

d. Surgical treatment primarily consists of resection of the distal

2.- During an operation for carcinoma of the hepatic flexure of the

a. Terminate the operation; screen the patient for evidence of other

b. Perform a right hemicolectomy and a right hepatic lobectomy

c. Perform a right hemicolectomy and a wedge resection of the

d. Perform a cecostomy and schedule reoperation after a course of

4.- Abscesos profundos (es decir: intraperitoneal,

a.- Cross-sectional study

b.- Case-control study

c.- Cohort study

d.- Crossover study

e.- Clinical trial

6.- Odds ratio es una medición utilizada en

a.- Cross-sectional study

b.- Case-control study

c.- Cohort study

e.- Clinical trial

A. low plasma phosphate and Ca2+ levels and tetany.

B. low plasma phosphate and Ca2+ levels and tetanus.

D. high plasma phosphate and Ca2+ levels and bone demineralization.

9. - A 33-year-old female arrives to the emergency department following a suspected suicide

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