Syllab Bscotat1819-22102018
Syllab Bscotat1819-22102018
Syllab Bscotat1819-22102018
OPERATION THEATRE & ANAESTHESIA TECHNOLOGY
from the Academic Year 201819
I YEAR SYLLABUS
*** CLINICALS/THEATRES
1. I V fluids and Transfusion related matters
2. Dressing, sutures, bandages and plasters
3. Recovery room and nursing care
4. PreOperative and PostOperative Management of Patients
5. Patient handling and Transportation to and from the Operation theatre
6. Universal precautions for HIV Positives, HBsAg Positive
7. Introduction to Operating room
Ethics, Discipline, Lay out, Equipments Lights, OT table, suction, scrub station
8. Electrical Devices – Electro cautery, Laser, Harmonic, Ligasure
9. Power Surgical Instruments – Drills Saw, Reamer
10. Common General Surgical Operations and Dressings
Paper I : Basic Science
BASIC ANATOMY
THEORY
Introduction to Anatomy
Basic Anatomical terminologies
Osteology Upper limb – clavicle, scapula, humerus, radius, ulna
Lower limb femur, hipbone, sacrum, tibia, fibula
Vertebral column
Thorax – Intercostal space, pleura, bony thoracic cage, ribs
sternum & thoracic vertebrae, Muscles of Thorax,
Diaphragm, Lungs
Airway – Larynx, Trachea, bronchial tree
Heart – Surface anatomy of heart, chambers of the heart, valves of the heart, major
blood vessels of heart, pericardium, coronary arteries.
Excretory sytem – Kidneys, ureters, bladder, urethra
Liver
Central Nervous system
PRACTICALS
Mannequins to be provided for Teaching
Osteology – Bones identification (right and left side) and prominent features of
clavicle, scapula, radius, ulna, humerus, femur,hip bone, sacrum, tibia, fibula.
Surface Anatomy,
Radiology, Xray Chest PA view, Xray of limbs and Xray abdomen: Names Views and
identification
Specimens/Models, OSPE charts.
PHYSIOLOGY
THEORY
1) The Cell:
2) The Blood:
(i) Composition of Blood, functions of the blood and plasma proteins:
(ii) Function of Hemoglobin
(iii) Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate.
(iv) Detailed description about WBCTotal count (TC), Differential count (DC) and
functions.
(v) Platelets – formation and normal level and functions
(vi) Blood groups and Rh factor
3) CardioVascular System:
(i) Physiology of the heart
(ii) Heart sounds
(iii) Cardiac cycle, Cardiac output.
(iv) Auscultatory areas.
(v) Arterial pressures, blood pressure
(vi) Hypertension
(vii) Electro cardiogram (ECG)
(viii) Cardio Pulmonary Resuscitation
4. Respiratory system:
(i) Respiratory movements.
(ii) Definitions and Normal values of Lung volumes and Lung capacities.
(iii). Oxygen saturation of Blood, Pulse Oximeter
(iv) Surfactants
5. Excretory system:
(i) Normal Urinary output
(ii) Micturation
(iii) Renal function tests
6. Reproductive system:
(i) Reproductive organs
(ii) Brief account of menstrual cycle.
7. Central Nervous system:
(i)Functions of CSF
(ii)Functions of Cortex
(iii)Steep cycle
(iv)Reticular activating system
8.Endocrine system:
Functions of the pituitary, thyroid, parathyroid, adrenal and pancreatic Hormones.
9.Digestive system
(i) Physiological Anatomy of the GIT.
(ii) Food Digestion in the mouth, stomach, intestine
(iii) Absorption of foods and gastric emptying
(iv) Role of bile in the digestion.
(v)Vomiting mechanism
PRACTICAL
1) The Compound Microscope
2) Determination of Pulse rate – Details on Pulse
3) Determination of Blood Groups.
4) Measurement of human blood pressure.
5) Examination of Respiratory system to count respiratoryrate and measure
inspiration and Expiration
BIOCHEMISTRY
Cellular
Metabolism
(I) Enzymes
(II)Coenzymes
(III) Glucose
Metabolism
(IV) Urea Cycles
(V) Protein & lipid
Classifications and functions.
Vitamins & Minerals:
Fat soluble vitamins(A,D,E,K) – Water soluble vitamins – Bcomplex vitamins principal
elements(Calcium, Phosphorus, Magnesium, Sodium, Potassium, Chlorine and sulphur)
Trace elements – Basal metabolic rate(BMR) – respiratory quotient(RQ) Specific
dynamic action(SDA) – Balanced diet – Nutritional deficiency like Marasmus – and
Kwasoirkar
Acids and bases:
Definition, pH, Henderson – Hasselbalch equation, Buffers, Indicators, Normality,
Molarity, Molality, Blood Gas Analysis
BIOCHEMISTRY SYLLABUS FOR PRACTICALS
1. Benedict’s test
2. Heat coagulation tests
PATHOLOGY
1. Cellular adaptation, Cell injury & cell death. Introduction to pathology.
Overview: Cellular response to stress and noxious stimuli. Cellular adaptations of
growth and differentiation. Overview of cell injury and cell death. Causes of cell injury.
Mechanisms of cell injury. Reversible and irreversible cell injury. Examples of cell injury
and necrosis
2. Inflammation.
General features of
inflammation Acute
inflammation
Chemical mediators of
inflammation Chronic
inflammation
3. Immunity disorders.
General features of the immune system
Disorders of the immune system
Hyper sensitivity reaction – I, II, III, IV
4. Infectious diseases.
General principles of microbial pathogenesis
Viral infections – HBV, HCV, HIV, CMV
Bacterial infections Staphylococci, /streptococci, EColi, Salmonella,
Tuberculosis.
Fungal infections
Parasitic infections
TORCH infection
5. Neoplasia
Definition
Nomenclature
Biology of tumor growth benign and malignant neoplasms
Carcinogenic agents and their cellular interactions Clinical features of tumors
PRACTICAL
SYLLABUS:
Specimens,
Models,
OSPE,
Stations,
CHARTS
ENGLISH
Role of communication
Defining Communication
Classification of communication
Purpose of communication
Major difficulties in communication
Barriers to communication
Characteristics of successful communication – The
seven Cs Communication at the work place
Human needs and communication “Mind
mapping” Information communication
Comprehension passage:
Reading purposefully
Understanding what is read
Drawing conclusion
Finding and analysis
Explaining:
How to explain clearly
Defining and giving reasons
Explaining differences
Explaining procedures
Giving directions
Writing business letters:
How to construct correctly
Formal language
Address
Salutation
Body
Conclusion
Report writing:
Reporting an accident
Reporting what happened at a session
Reporting what happened at a meeting
BASICS OF COMPUTER SCIENCE
COURSE CONTENT:
Introduction to computer – I/O devices – memories – RAM and ROM – Different
kinds of ROM – kilobytes. MB, GB their conversions – large computer – Medium,
Micro, Mini computers – Different computer languages – Number system – Binary
and decimal conversions – Different operating system – MS DOS – Basic commands
– MD, CD, DIR,TYPE and COPY CON commands – Networking – LAN,
WAN,MAN(only basic ideas)
Typing text in MS word – Manipulating text – Formatting the text – using different
font sizes, bold, italics – Bullets and numbering – Pictures, file insertion – Aligning
the text and justify – choosing paper size – adjusting margins – Header and footer,
inserting page No’s in a document – Printing a file with options – Using spell check
and grammar – Find and replace – Mail merge – inserting tables in a document.
Preparing new slides using MSPOWERPOINT – Inserting slides – slide transition and
animation – Using templates – Different text and font sizes – slides with sounds –
Inserting clip arts, pictures, tables and graphs – Presentation using wizards.
Introduction to Internet – Using search engine – Google search – Exploring the next
using Internet Explorer and Navigator – Uploading and Download of files and
images – Email ID creation – Sending messages – Attaching files in Email –
Introduction to “C” language – Different variables, declaration, usage – writing small
programs using functions and sub – functions.
PRACTICAL
Typing a text and aligning the text with different formats using
MSWord Inserting a table with proper alignment and using
MSWord
Create mail merge document using MSword to prepare greetings for 10
friends Preparing a slide show with transition, animation and sound effect
using MSPowerpoint
Customizing the slide show and inserting pictures and tables in the slides
using MSpowerpoint
Creating a worksheet using MSExcel with data and sue of
functions Using MSExcel prepare a worksheet with text,
date time and data Preparing a chart and pie diagrams
using MSExcel
B.Sc. Operation Theatre & Anaesthesia Technology Course
IIyear syllabus
1.Sterilization assembly and packing
2. Principles of Sterile Techniques – Surgical scrub, gowning and gloving
3. Surgical instrumentation, handling instruments
Paper1: Pharmacology and Microbiology
Pharmacology
ANTISIALAGOGUES
Atropine, Glycophyrrolate
SEDATIVES I ANXIOLYTICS
Diazepam, Midazolam, Phenergan, Lorazepam, Chloropromazine,
Trichlopho
NARCOTICS
Morphine, Pethidine, Fentanyl, Pentazozine
ANTIEMETICS
Metaoclopramide,Ondanseteron, Dexamethasone
ANTACIDS
Na citrate, Gelusil, Mucaine gel.
H2 BLOCKERS
Cimetidine, Ranitidine, Famotidine
INDUCTION AGENT
Thiopentone , Diazepam, Midazolam, Ketamine, Propofol, Etomidate.
MUSCLE RELAXANTS
Depolarising Suxamethonium,
Non depolar:sing Pancuronium, Vecuronium, Atracurium, rocuranium
INTRODUCTION TO GENERAL ANAESTHESIA
INHALATIONAL GASES
Gases 02, N20, Air
Agents Ether, Halothane, Isofllurane, Saevoflurane, Desflurane
REVERSAL AGENTS
Neostigmine, Glysopyrrolate, Atropine,
Nalorphine, Naloxone, Flumazenil (Diazepam)
ANTISEPTICS AND DISINFECTANTS
STERILSATION AND CLEANING OF SURGICAL EQUIPMENTS
LOCAL ANAESTHETICS
Xylocaine, Preparation, Local – Bupivacaine Topical,
Prilocainejelly, Emla Ointment, Etidocaine. Ropivacaine
EMERGENCY DRUGS
• Adrenaline : Mode or administration, dilution, dosage,
• Effects, Isoprenaline
• Atropine, bicarbonate, calcium, ephedrine, xylocard,
• Ionotropes : dopamine, dobutamine, amidaron
• Aminophylline, hydrocortisone, antihistamlnics, potassium.
• Cardlovascular drugs
• Antihypertensives
• Antiarhythmics
• Beta Blockers
• Ca Channel blockers.
• Vasodilators nitroglycerin & sodium nitroprusside
• Respiratory system Bronchodilators,
respiratory stimulants Broncholytic agents
• Renal system Diuretics,furosemide,mannitol
• Obstetrics oxoytocin,methergin
• Miscellaneous Antibiotics NSAIDS Anticoagulants and Insulin
SYLLABUS FOR PRACITALS;
Specimens, drugs, OSPE charts
Microbiology
• Sterilization &
decontamination I
o Dry
o Filtration
o General Principles Acepsis
• Wound Infection & Urinary Tract Infections
• Blood stream Infections
• Respiratory tract Infcetion
• S.Typhi, Salmonel1a Paratyphi 'A’, Salmonella Typhimurium
• Catheter, IV associated Infections
• Hospital acquired infections & prevention of hospital acquired infections
• Hepatitis C, HBV, HIV
* Hyper sensitivity reaction – Type I, II, III, IV
Biomedical Waste Management
SYLLABUS FOR PRACTICALS
Biomedical waste management, colour code
OSPE charts
Paper2: Medicine and Medical Ethics
MEDICINE
1. Disorder of haemopoiesis Anaemias iron deficience anaemia,
2. Infections diseases Sepsis and septic stock, fever of unknown origin,
infective endocarditis, infective of skin, muscle, soft tissue, infection
control in hospital, diseases caused by bacteria, viruses, myobacterm,
viruses, fungi and protozoa and helminthes, common secondary infection
in HIV.
3. Diseases of CVS congenital RHD Rheumatic fever, CAD, Peripheral vascular
diseases.
4. Respiratory system asthma pneumonia
5. Kidney & Urinary tract acute renal failure, Glomerulonephritis,
Haemodialysis, Transplant, Urinary tract infection
6. Liver and biliary tract disease Viral hepatitis, alcoholism
7. Endocrinology and metabolism Diabetes mellitus, Hyper and
hypothyroidism
8. Pain Medicine
MEDICAL ETHICS
1. Medical ethics Definition Goal Scope
2. Code of conduct Introduction –
3. 3. Basic principles of medical ethics – Confidentiality
4. Malpractice and negligence Rational and irrational drug therapy
5. Autonomy and informed consent Right of patients
6. Care of the terminally ill Euthanasia
8. Organ transplantation
9. Medico legal aspects of medical records – Medicolegal case and type Records
and document related to MLC ownership of medical records Confidentiality
Privilege communication Release of medical information Unauthorized
disclosure rentention of medical records other various aspects
SYLLABUS FOR PRACTICALS
Specimens
OSPE charts
Paper:3 PRINCIPLES OF ANAESTHESIA I
1. MEDICAL GAS SUPPLY
• Compressed gas cylinders
• Colour coding
• Cylinder valves; pin index.
• Gas piping system
• Recommendations for piping system
• Alarms & safety devices.
2. ANAESTHESIA MACHINE
• Hanger and yoke system
• Cylinder pressure gauge
• Pressure regulator
• Flow meter assembly
• Vapourizers types, hazards, maintenance, filling and draining, etc.
3. BREATHING SYSTEM
• General considerations: humidity & heat
• Common components connectors, adaptors, reservoir bags.
• Capnography ETC o2
• Pulse oximetry
• Methods of humidification.
• Classification of breathing system Mapleson system a b c d e f
Jackson Rees system, Bain circuit
• Non rebreathing valves ambu valves
• The circle system Components Soda lime, indicators
4. FACE MASKS & AIRWAY LARYNGOSCOPES
• Types, sizes
• Endotracheal tubes Types, sizes.
• Cuff system
• Fixing, removing and inflating cuff, checking tube position complications.
* Bousie
* LMA
5. ANAESTHESIA VENTILATOR AND WORKING PRINCIPLES.
6. MONITORING
• ECG
• Sp02
• Temperature
• IBP
• CVP
• PA Pressure
• LA Pressure
Bio Medical engineering of Trouble sorting Management, care of cleaning
7. BASIC ANAESTHETIC TECHNIQUES INTRODUCTION TO
ANAESTHESIA
• General
Anaesthesia *
Regional
Anaesthesia *
Local
Anaesthesia
* Intravenous Anaesthesia
• Minimum standard of anaesthesia
• Who should give anaesthesia?
PREOP PREPARATION:
Pre anaesthetic assessment~ History – , past history disease / Surgery / and
personal history Smoking / alcohol General physical assessment, systemic
examination – CVS, RS, CNS
INVESTIGATIONS
Routine Urine Haematogical their signifi.
- Chest X – ray
- Echocardiography
- Angiography
- Liver function test
- Renal function test
- Others
Case acceptance: ASA grading I, II, III, IV. V
PRE ANAESTHETIC ORDERS:
Patient Informed consent
- Npo guidelines
- Premedication advantages, drugs used
- Special instructions if any
Machine Checking the machine
02, N20, suction apparatus
Laryngoscops, et tubes, airways
- Things for IV accessibility
- Other monitoring systems
Drugs Emergency drugs
Anaesthetic drugs
INTRAOPERATI
VE
MANAGEMENT
• Confirm the identification of the patient
• Monitoring minimum
• Noninvasive & Invasive monitoring
• Induction drugs used
• Endotracheal intubation
• Maintenance of anaesthesia
• Positioning of the patient
• Blood / fluid & electrolyte balance
• Reversal from anaesthesia drugs used
• Transferring the patient
• Recovery room – set up and things needed
POST OPERATIVE COMPLICATIONS & MANAGEMENT
Recovery and Delayed recovery
Hypoxia and Oxygen Theraphy PONV
8.Basic Life Support
Cardio Pulmonary
Resuscitation
SYLLABUS FOR PRACTICALS
Instruments
Gas cylinders
B.Sc. Anaesthesia Technology Course
IIIyear syllabus
SYLLABUS FOR CLINICAL/THEATRE
1.Routine Maintenance of Equipments and Instruments
2. Laying out of Instrument, trolleys
3. Emphasis on Surgical Positions, Instruments required and the role
of Theatre Assistant in various surgeries
4. Preparation of patient, aseptic techniques and draping
5. Special Instrument like Laproscope, Endoscope, Monitors, Carm
6. Trouble shooting in OT
7. Specimen labelling and handling
8. Exposure to Critical Care Unit for Surgical patients
Main Syllabus
1. Sterilization Procedures
2. Regional anaesthetic techniques
3. Anaesthesia for speciality Surgeries.
Paper 1 : Sterilization Procedures
SYLLABUS FOR PRACTICALS
OSPE charts, Instruments
PaperII : Principles of AnesthesiaII
Regional Anaesthetic techniques.
a. Local anaesthetic technique
b. Nerve blocks
c. Spinal
Anaesthesia
d.Epidural
anaesthesia
Anaesthesia for speciality Surgeries
NEURO ANAESTHESIA
• Glassgow coma scale
• Premedication
• Special investigation CT, Angiography and MRI
• Checklist
• Induction of a patient
• Reinforced Endotracheal tubes
• Postioning in neuro surgery
• I.C.P.
• Air embolism
• Reversal of the patient
• Transferring to I.C.U. / Ward
OBSTETRIC ANAESTHESIA
• Differences between a pregnant and a normal lady
• Risks for anaesthesia.
• Precautions to be taken
• Check list
• Regional vs general anaesthesia
• Induction / maintenance and recovery .
• Resuscitation of the new born, APGAR score
• Reversal and extubation
• Emergencies manual removal of placenta
- A.P .H.
- P.P.H.
- Ruptures uterus
- Ectopic Pregnancy
PAEDIATRIC ANAESTHESIA
• Theatre setting
• Check list
* Fluid Calculation and administration
• Premedication modes
• Induction
• Intubation Securing the EIT
• Reversal & extubation – Problems
• Transferring / ICU management
• Pain management
ENT Anaesthesia
- Anaesthesia for adenotonsillectomy
- Anaesthesia for mastoidectomy
Bronchoscopy and oesophagoscopy
CARDIAC ANAESTHESIA :
• NYHA classification
• Arrhythmias
• Angina
• Dyspnoea
• Special investigations
o echo cardiography
o angiography
• Premedication
• Setting up of monitoring system
• Monitoring invasive and non invasive
• Getting ready for the case
• Induction of cardiac patient, precautions to be taken
• Cardiopulmonary bypass
• Weaning of CPB
• Transferring the patient to ICU.
• Care to be taken
• I.C.U management.
• Chest tube management
ANAESTHESIA OUTSIDE THE O.R.
• Situations
• Cath Lab
• Radiology
• E.C.T.
• Short comings.
DAY CARE ANAESTHESIA
• Special features
• Set up
• Advantages
• Disadvantages
• Complications
• Future
GERIATRIC ANAESTHESIA
• Physiological changes
• Diseases of aging
• Nervous system
• Geriatric pharmacodynamics / pharmacokinetics
• Postoperative nervous system dysfunction.
ANAESTHESIA FOR TRAUMA & SHOCK
• Resuscitation
• Preop investigation & assessment
• Criculatory management
• Management of anaesthesia
• Rapid sequence induction
• Other problems
THORACIC ANAESTHESIA
• Pulmonary
function tests o
bed side
o Vitallograph
• Preoperative preparation
• Premedication
• Check list
• Induction. Intubation
• Double lumen tubes
• monitoring
• Pain management
• Extubation
• ICU management
Postoperative problems
Nausea & Vomiting
Sore throat
Laryngeal edema, Bronchospasm
Neurological complications.
Awareness
Vascular complications.
Trauma to teeth
Headache
Backache
Ocular complications
Auditory complications
MAJOR CATASTROPHES
o Mortality
o Causes of death o
Cerebral damage o
Prevention.
SYLLABUS FOR PRACTICALS
Instruments, OSPE charts
B.Sc. DEGREE IN OPERATION THEATRE AND ANAESTHESIA TECHNOLOGY
EXAMINATION PATTERN – I YEAR
B.Sc. in Operation Theatre and Anaesthesia Technology
B.Sc. DEGREE IN OPERATION THEATRE AND ANAESTHESIA TECHNOLOGY
EXAMINATION PATTERN – II YEAR
B.Sc.DEGREE IN OPERATION THEATRE AND ANAESTHESIA TECHNOLOGY
EXAMINATION PATTERN – III YEAR
B.Sc. Degree in Operation Theatre and Anesthesia Technology
POSTINGS DURING ONE YEAR INTERNSHIP
1. Sterlisation room 3 months.
2. Post Operative room/ Recovery room – 3 months (Including Postings in
Medical/Surgical Record room)
3. Surgical ICU 3 months
4. Operation Theatre including
General surgery OT – 1 month
Obstetrics & Gynaecology OT – 1 month
Paediatrics OT – 15 days
Others – 15 days.
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